...Interpretive Questions Based on Maps and Text 1. What typical national patterns of suburbanization are evident in the Chicago example? 2. Why did so many Americans desire to move to the suburbs in the postWorld War II era? How did the reality of suburban life compare with the stereotype? 3. What forces that had drawn African Americans northward during the "Great Migration" continued to operate during and after World War II? What new enticements were there? 4. Compare the maps in this chapter to those on African American migration from 1910 to 1950 in previous chapters in the text. What consistent trends are evident? What regions of the nation remained highest and lowest in African American percentage? Why? 5. What impact did African American residential patterns have on the school desegregation controversy? 6. Although the focus of the civil rights movement was on the southern states, what problems did many northern African Americans, especially those in the inner cities, face? Library Exercise The following exercise will require students to consult a historical atlas and other sources found in most college libraries. Using these library resources and the text, they should be able to answer the following: 1. Identify the major routes of the interstate highway system as proposed in the 1950s. What was the purpose of the design? Compare and contrast the interstate network with the railroad system of the 1890s. Internet Resources For Internet quizzes...
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...Children early education has changed drastically over the years. The foundation of early children education develop in the 1960 and 1970 where Children early education was regarded essential early develop of child mind, speech and motor skill with reading, writing and math were called the fundamental. The fundamental was a tool to measure the child growth three area, also what the child retain Children early education different social economics and communities, in the 1950 - 60 early children education in rich community were making sure every child had early education and there were program there were social groups to assist helping education suburban child. Funded by the federal government, grants, and endowments from corporations. it different from what inner city early children were getting, the resources were scare and few school materials, the financial backing for very limit to children of color. Church develop early child education with the help of local group and the people in the community with outdated text books and building were substandard. Early child education was not funded by the state or government. The only way that most of their funding was from celebrity during the course of the years they change here and there but most of it still stay the same. Grants and federal money was given to the inner city but with string attach to it called regulation in suburban early child education flourish by building school that taught early children education...
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...URAN SPRAWL: DIAGNOSIS AND REMEDIES Throughout this article, the main focus is urban sprawl and the non-endearing remedies to fix this growing concern. Three influential forces are the end results of urban sprawl: a growing population, rising incomes, and falling commuting costs. Although these sound positive to societies well being, market failures are distorting their positive social desirability. The allocation of agricultural land converted to urban usage has justified the criticism of urban sprawl by not accounting for the benefits of open space, social costs of road congestion, and developers failing to pay for the infrastructure costs generated. The remedies projected for these market failures in hope of alleviating the spatial size of the city are developmental taxes and congestion tolls (1). Critics raise a few questions about urban sprawl and the possible remedies policy makers could enact. But, are they are justifiable? The first one is, is urban sprawl truly a growing problem affecting American society? Throughout the article, Brueckner states both views on urban sprawl: The criticism against it and how to prevent it, and the benefits of urban sprawl to American society. Another question addressed is, is urban sprawl contributing to the decay of downtown areas? With the growth of urban development, the incentive to rebuild land and housing closer to the city center is reduced. This is because developers can purchase large amounts of farmland further away from...
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...Research Article Written Critique #1 Dolores Williams BSHS 382 Dr. Ruth Bundy March 16, 2010 Research Article Written Critique #1 To quote an old African proverb “It takes a village to raise a child.” Children will thrive only if a society cares enough to support families. A family alone, a health worker alone, a therapist alone, a social worker alone is unlikely to achieve the success that may be possible through involvement and coordination of the community. Recognition of the importance of brain development in the early years of life has led to expanded early intervention programs for very young children with or at risk for developmental disabilities throughout the world (National Dissemination Center for Children with Disabilities, n.d.). Developmental milestones are behavioral indicators of underlying processes. If developmental milestones are used as a curriculum guide without consideration of the underlying processes, infants will develop splinter skills rather than a solid foundation for learning (National Dissemination Center for Children with Disabilities, n.d.). Recent developmental brain research suggests a plausible biological basis for early intervention. However, specific intervention practices must be evaluated on their efficacy, effectiveness, and cost justification. Early intervention has made important shifts in emphasizing social competence in the child and the essential role of the family and community (National Dissemination Center...
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...Q3 2014 | INVESTMENT Colliers International Canada Cap Rate Report New construction Across North America, High Tech firms are migrating to downtown, centrilized regions rather than suburban areas. Historically, technology firms across North America have tended to locate outside of the downtown core, particularly to more suburban regions. This stemmed from less expensive rental rates, lower taxes, large parcels of space, free parking and an industry that had an endless supply of workers more willing to commute. The 1990s saw the creation of technology regions, such as Silicon Valley (California), the Kanata North Business Park (Ontario) and Discovery Parks (British Columbia). As technology has changed, the space requirements and talent working within the industry have evolved. In more recent years, technology companies, particularly web design, program design and e-commerce firms that rely less on hardware and more on software, have begun to move from suburban office parks to established downtowns or up and coming urban neighbourhoods. Although this trend is at quite different stages in various cities across North America, there are a few patterns that are consistently present. Most importantly, a shift has occurred in which the majority of business is conducted through the web, so space needs now focus predominantly on employees and company branding. Many high-tech firms are striving for stimulating, accessible spaces which promote creativity, inspiration...
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...low-income schools are less likely to achieve success than those who attend white, middle-income schools. This comes from a variety of traits present in low-income schools, including inadequate funding and resources and low parental involvement. Education in the United States is a positional good, which significantly decreases the relative value of our education system. Until this is remedied, there is little we can do to transform education reform in order to benefit disadvantaged and privileged populations alike. That being said, there are some changes we can implement that could help even out the education system and make education in the United States less of a positional good which mainly lie in diversifying the socioeconomics of cities and suburbs. I begin by addressing and defining various phrases within the prompt. A “positional good” is a good that is used as a symbol of status. We would traditionally see positional goods in the form of fancy cars or jewels-goods that exhibit the owner's wealth or standing. These goods are in scarce supply, which leads only a portion of the population to be able to obtain them. Education in the United States is a definite positional good, and this reality is the main problem with the system itself. A so-called “good” education in our country is only accessed by a certain segment of the population. This segment is usually suburban, white, and middle to upper-class. This leaves a massive portion of the country out of the equation and in search...
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...1. Assignment: Together We Stand Letter. See the Rubric posted in Course Materials. * Suppose you live in a new suburban community. It offers all the amenities and benefits of a tight-knit small community, with the benefits of living close to the big city. Some years pass, and several children and adults in the community start developing extensive and similar illnesses. You think this is clearly not a case of genetics, and become suspicious that something must have gone wrong in the development planning and execution of your community. You start researching and investigating possible causes for the illnesses plaguing the community and, upon digging further, find out that the gas company’s practices may be to blame for the calamity. You decide, at that point, to spread the word around your community about your findings so that everyone can unite in a fight for justice. * Write a letter of approximately 500 words in length that you intend to have published by your local newspaper addressing your concerns with the public health of the community. * Explain what strategies you applied when investigating the problem that helped foster critical thinking and lead you to the root cause of the inexplicable illnesses. * Identify approaches the community could take together to arrive at possible solutions for the problem and settle the matter with the gas company. * Cite any sources and references according to the Writing Style Guide Handbook. Post...
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...Aug 19th 1999 | WASHINGTON, DC | From the print edition Timekeeper THE phrase “a tax on jobs” is usually an insult to some revenue-raising scheme that increases the cost of labour by mistake. In Portland, Oregon, it is an exact description of city policy. Intel, the world's largest chip maker, has recently agreed to pay the county $1,000 a year for each new person it hires once its regional workforce has increased by 1,000. And this is not for some paperclip-making factory. Intel is Portland's largest employer and the area contains the company's biggest chip-making facility, the home of the Pentium III. It seems almost un-American. Why has a hyper-competitive company (whose boss once wrote a book called “Only the Paranoid Survive”) agreed to pay for the privilege of creating jobs? Because it is based in Portland, headquarters of the reaction against “anything-goes” development. And because all over America, for the past year, people have begun to worry about the unfettered expansion of jobs, factories, houses, offices, roads and shops that goes by the name of “sprawl”. Suddenly, sprawl has started to spread itself all over America's public agenda. The Republican governor of New Jersey, Christine Todd Whitman, calls the preservation of open space her most important task. The Democratic governor of Maryland, Parris Glendening, says that, education apart, “controlling sprawl is the most important issue facing us in terms of what our quality of life is going to be.” In...
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...Suburbanisation is the process of outward growth of an urban conurbation as people move out of the inner city towards the suburbs. This often results in the engulfing of towns and cities to create one large urban area. This is also known as urban sprawl. This process of suburbanization and urban sprawl often occurs due to urban push factors pulling people away from the CBD and inner city towards the suburbs. These push factors include cheaper land meaning both business and families can have bigger homes and premises. Abundance of cheaper land also means that homes are not as crowded as when compared to those within the inner city and CBD. Suburbs also have better schools, a safer feel and have larger open spaces. This means that many suburbs can be ideal for families. In addition suburbs often are very well connected to the rest of the city resulting in suburbs being ideal for commuting. All of the aforementioned factors can be witnessed within the megacity of LA with suburbs such as woodland hills having large houses situated on green leafy streets. In addition woodland hills also has the warner center which is a large shopping center situated within the suburb. This large shopping center means that for many of the residents there is often no need for them to travel into the center of the city. This has an effect on the city whereby a donut city begins to occur. Donut cities are where the center of a city such as Los Angeles began to decline leading to dereliction and concentrations...
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...The following paper will examine the short film “Our World” from the Responsibility Project featuring singer John Legend. Specifically, the paper will provide insight into the organizational issue of education and how ethical principles, external social pressures, relevance of organizational, and personal decisions affect this societal problem. Why are the issues in the film important? The issues with this film center on our ailing educational systems in and around low income, poverty stricken inner cities throughout the United States. Ensuring each child receives a quality education regardless of ethnicity or social background is extremely important issue. John Legend is using his success and resources to address these exact concerns within the political arena in Washington. What role do external social pressures have in influencing organizational ethics? External social pressures can steer organizational ethics, both in negative and positive manner. For example, as John Legend highlights society (external social pressure) tends to have several per-conceived notions on inner city education activities. One such negative notion is poor black, white or Hispanic children will not do well within the education system because of the influence of the geographical area, standards of living, and the lineage of their parents so we should just give up on them because they will not do well. Additionally, recent political initiatives (external social pressures) from the President...
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...An Urban Nation Yakema Whiteside History Of the United States July 28 2014 Decades of studies have proved the United States has changed from a rural to an urban nation. The most important city, New York, probably contained fewer than 22,000 people at the time of the Revolution. And only one person in twenty lived in a place with a population greater than 2,500—a size even then hardly considered urban. The course of the nineteenth century saw the North American landscape literally transformed by urbanization. But so, for that matter, was most of the Western world: compared to Britain, for instance, the United States has always been less urban. Thus while urbanization represents a dramatic change, it would have been far more remarkable for the United States to have stayed rural. . Rapid urban growth is responsible for many environmental and social changes in the urban environment and its effects are strongly related to global change issues. The rapid growth of cities strains their capacity to provide services such as energy, education, health care, transportation, sanitation and physical security. Because governments have less revenue to spend on the basic upkeep of cities and the provision of services, cities have become areas of massive sprawl, serious environmental problems, and widespread poverty. The Creative Class is not a class of workers among many, but a group believed to bring economic growth to countries that can attract its members. The economic benefits conferred...
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...Suburban, Urban, and Rural life in America in the 1950s History 102: American History since 1877 Professor Brian Webber 10 July 2015 American Military University Suburban, Urban, and Rural life in America in the 1950s America has seen its fare shares of ups and downs throughout history. In the 1950's America was just getting back on its feet from the effect of World War II. The American economy benefited greatly by the ending of the war unlike Japan and the Europeans who were still picking up the pieces. The American economy began to sore in the 1950's from suburban build up, to the job market and financial stability. Some of the most life changing things that happened in American were the suburban, urban and rural living of Americans all across the United States. Suburban development happened to be one of the biggest economic changes America has every seen. It paved the way to many things such as the extensive roadways that were built throughout the nation and families branching out to a different type of living. Suburban living in the 1950's was defined as a “ good life emerged with exceptional distinctness a high value on consumption, a preference for suburban living, and a devotion to family and domesticity.”(Henretta, 798). Much of the suburban lifestyle was something that the working poor, elderly, and immigrants could not afford at that point in time and soon would suffer from. One of the first innovative moves that pushed American along into more of a suburban...
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...and even neighborhoods. For example, one consumer products company shipped additional cases of its low-calorie snack foods to stores in neighborhoods near Weight Watchers clinics. Kraft developed Post’s Fiesta Fruity Pebbles cereal for areas with high Hispanic populations. Coca-Cola developed four ready-to-drink canned coffees for the Japanese market, each targeted to a specific geographic region. Procter & Gamble introduced Curry Pringles in England and Funky Soy Sauce Pringles in Asia.2 Other companies are seeking to cultivate as-yet untapped geographic territory. For example, many large companies are fleeing the fiercely competitive major cities and suburbs to set up shop in small-town America. Consider Applebee’s, the nation’s largest casual-dining chain: Applebee’s is now making sure that even far-flung suburbs and small towns can have a neighborhood bar and grill. It’s extending into what it calls STAR (small-town Applebee’s restaurant) markets with fewer that 50,000 people,...
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...One afternoon, my significant other wanted a ride to work, and during this time, her place of business happened to be located in the same part of town my parents lived. Because of this, I found myself visiting the area quite frequently. You could describe this area as being affluent suburbia, the landscapes, houses, and general layout has a methodical feel about it. To illustrate, one could reference the Malvina Reynolds song “Little Boxes,” to paint a clearer picture. As a result, I undoubtedly didn’t fit the mold of the community, and the reality of two differing worlds unfortunately had a meaning on this day. Waiting for her shift to start, my girlfriend and I decided to pass the time by listening to music in the car. Like any other day...
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...It is important to bring up the notion of an agrarian community when referring to Broadacre City. The importance of this was not directly mentioned in the previous authors studies. Broadacres relied on an agrarian lifestyle to support the entire community and this would allow the city to thrive economically. (Wise, 2013) reports how post-World War II American suburbanization reflects many, but not all, aspects of Wright’s vision. In response, though numerous alternative models for urban growth aim to increase density. Thus, her main argument is to defend the hypothesis that humans require the presence of nature to live healthy and satisfying lives. Broadacre City is used as an example of providing the opportunity to experience a relationship...
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