...| Suicide Bomber Profile | Suicidal Tendencies of Suicide Bombers | | | | | Tendencies of Suicide Bombers Suicide terrorism is the targeted use of self-obliteration of human beings against non-combatant individuals (usually civilian populations) with the objective of causing political change within a country. Even though a suicide attack is aimed to destroy an initial target, its primary use is a weapon of psychological warfare intended to affect a larger public audience. The main target is not those who are killed, instead it is aimed at those made to witness it. In the last 3 decades, it is estimated that there has been around 1200 suicide attacks taking place in different parts of the world, making up about 4% of all terrorist attacks but 32% (14,599 individuals) of all terrorism-related deaths. Approximately 90% of these attacks have occurred in Iraq, Afghanistan, Pakistan and Israel alone. Although there is an association between suicide and suicidal behavior and homicide and violence to others, few studies on suicide comment on the phenomenon of the ‘suicide’ bomber. In the absence of any universally agreed definition of the term ‘terrorism’, the term tends to be very subjective: One person's terrorist may be another's freedom fighter. According to some authors on the history of terrorism, suicide or self-sacrifice associated with terrorist violence is not a new phenomenon. [1] In fact, suicide attacks are very old modus operandi. In...
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...Genesis of Suicide Terrorism Alternative Assignment 2 Question 3 Anthro 1AB3 Dr. Antonio Sorge March 27th 2013 Question 3: What approaches does Atran suggest to help combat and alleviate the recruitment of suicide bombers? Suicide bombing is a topic that is not yet fully understood. Researchers and power figures alike are trying to find a way of detecting and preventing the act of suicide bombings. In the given article, they define suicide terrorism as, “the targeted use of self-destructing humans against noncombatant (typically civilian) populations to effect political change” (Atran, 2003, p.p. 1534). Scott Atran discusses a few alternative strategies to help combat and alleviate the recruitment of suicide bombers. Three strategies that Atran looks into are; preventing bombers from reaching targets, raising literacy rates and understanding what psychological and/or cultural relationships are commonly possessed by a suicide bomber (Atran, 2003). In brief, the article goes through defining what suicide terrorism is defined as and how different sides of an audience might see the act differently. One might see the acts as “terrorism” while another’s point of view might see the suicides as “freedom fighters”. Atran looks at the recent history of suicide attacks and then the author brings up the fundamental attribution error. This error happens with this subject because people try to explain suicide bombings by looking...
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...Bobby Barksdale October 16, 2012 Summary: The Logic of Suicide Terrorism As it was initially used in Lebanon in 1983, the tactic of suicide terrorism was later used in Israel and unfortunately expanded into what is now one of the most effective and deadliest tactics used to instill fear within the public. This problem has come to Israel and has been a regular security issue since its establishment there Suicide bombing is responsible for more than half of the terrorist attacks death since then. Targeting Israelis in public places where people are highly populated and killing innocent men women and children. Over the past ten years more than 750 have died as a direct result of these planned terrorist attacks. The use of suicide bombing has intensified not only in Israel but also in the U.S. , which experienced the gruesome affects of suicide bombers on September 11 2001. This outrageous action of terrorism devastated American and its defense system. Killing hundreds of innocent civilians on American soil with a airplanes. The chief spokesmen for al Qaeda went on to say after the brutal attack that “Those youths that destroyed Americans with their planes, they did a good deed. There are thousands more younger followers who looking forward to death like American look forward to living.” This statement shows the determination and willingness of those wanting to die for what in their eyes was the greater cause. The effect of these bombers...
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...III – The outcome of Boko Haram approximately 14 years after its creation A. Boko Haram’s attacks through different means of action The outcome of the group’s victims is enormous. 13, 000 deaths since 2009 and 1.5 million displaced. Despite the use of suicide bombings, Boko Haram is an expert of kidnappings, human trafficking, and thefts. According to a report released in October 2014 by the NGO “Human Rights Watch”, over 592 people have been kidnapped during this year. Its members melt with civilians in places like big markets. Some are perpetrated by young women wearing long veils which allow to hide explosives. If we look at the past few years, one attack has been conducted abroad. It was “the February 2013 kidnapping of a French family...
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...Suicide terrorism is not a new phenomenon. From the 11th-century Assassins — whose brazen and usually public murders of their rivals invited immediate death to the perpetrators — to Vietcong sympathizers who blew up themselves and U.S. soldiers in Vietnam, many people have proven their willingness to perish while carrying out attacks in pursuit of their political goals. Yet, the “modern” expressions of the suicide terror phenomenon surfaced with the appearance of the first suicide terrorists in Lebanon, more than 20 years ago. Suicide attacks began in Lebanon in 1983 (some say 1981, when a sole suicide attack hit the Iraqi embassy in Beirut), at the instigation of Hizbollah, a Lebanese Shiite terror organization. Six months after an attack on the U.S. Embassy in Beirut, simultaneous truck bombings killed 241 U.S. Marines and 58 French paratroopers; just four months later, U.S. troops left Lebanon. Five other organizations (most of them not religious) in Lebanon carried out about 50 suicide attacks before this modus operandi was exported to other areas of the world. The use of suicide attacks garnered considerable prestige for the perpetrators and their organizations — particularly in light of the withdrawal of foreign troops from Lebanon, which many attributed to the bombings — and turned the act into a symbol of martyrdom and a source of inspiration for other terror organizations worldwide. What made these actions unprecedented was their scale: driving cars or trucks filled...
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...basic human right. All terrorism has political objectives, even though the perpetrators may use religious relics to appeal to a wider existing audience, and invoke a response through violent act to prove or propagate their point. Yoram Schweitzer in "Suicide Terrorism Development &ump; Characteristics," Mark Sedgwick in "Al-Qaeda and the "Nature of Religious Terrorism," and Dr. James Armstrong, all demonstrates that suicide terror attacks are politically motivated even though the perpetrator may use religious symbolism to justifies their acts. Observing areas in the world where terrorism is frequent, especially in the Middle East, it can be argued that groups that engaged in terrorists' activities are those that feel suppressed and taken advantage of by a much greater power. Thus, terrorism, particularly suicide terror is prevalent in areas where systems of gross injustice seem to exist. Therefore, the actual use of terrorism by non-state actors is a tactic aimed at polarizing the population in their favor. By killing people in mass number, they are attempting to take away the view that only the state can legitimately kill – thus undermining the state authority. As Armstrong, Sedgwick and Schweitzer exemplify, suicide terrorism is not a new happening, but an old historical phenomenon. And that just as modern day terror organizations, particularly Al-Qaeda, uses religious concepts to motivate...
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...as the basic human right. All terrorism has political objectives, even though the perpetrators may use religious relics to appeal to a wider existing audience, and invoke a response through violent act to prove or propagate their point. Yoram Schweitzer in "Suicide Terrorism Development & Characteristics," Mark Sedgwick in "Al-Qaeda and the "Nature of Religious Terrorism," and Dr. James Armstrong, all demonstrates that suicide terror attacks are politically motivated even though the perpetrator may use religious symbolism to justifies their acts. Observing areas in the world where terrorism is frequent, especially in the Middle East, it can be argued that groups that engaged in terrorists' activities are those that feel suppressed and taken advantage of by a much greater power. Thus, terrorism, particularly suicide terror is prevalent in areas where systems of gross injustice seem to exist. Therefore, the actual use of terrorism by non-state actors is a tactic aimed at polarizing the population in their favor. By killing people in mass number, they are attempting to take away the view that only the state can legitimately kill – thus undermining the state authority. As Armstrong, Sedgwick and Schweitzer exemplify, suicide terrorism is not a new happening, but an old historical phenomenon. And that just as modern day terror organizations, particularly Al-Qaeda, uses religious concepts to motivate its actions...
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...Mallette-Piasecki, Albany Law Review, 2013. In 1995, Yahya 'Ayyash, otherwise known as "The Engineer," and an expert terror planner for Hamas, answered his last phone call. The Israelis had laden the phone with explosives and detonated while he was carrying it ( Luft, 2003, 2). In that same year Fathi Shiqaqi, the spearhead of the Palestinian Islamic Jihad, who had organized several suicide bombings against Israelis, received fatal gunshot wounds by Mossad, the often mythical Israeli Intelligence (Luft, 2003, 2). These were not the first nor last targeted killings performed by the State of Israel yet are signatures of Israel's propensity and tenacity to not fall victim to terror attacks. The history of violence and threats inflicted by terror groups and nations against the state of Israel has lead to Israel's development of tenacious military and intelligence capabilities. Due to its geopolitical disadvantage, Israel must utilize aggressive and resilient tactics against terror groups, state, and non-state actors. Are targeted killings a necessary resort? Are other enforcement and intelligence strategies just as effective? Israel has propagated targeted killings as effective and credits this action with saving more lives of the innocent while reducing terrorist incidents. More lives than? Is the practice of targeted killing easily adopted when it benefits the public and state behind the killing? Are targeted killings a short-sighted campaign that will foster future agitation...
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...The 2009 Jakarta bombings paper 563 7/25/2016 Danielle Kelley The 2009 Jakarta bombings paper Introduction The Jakarta Marriot International and Ritz-Carlton Bombings were tragic events that took place. That left that many victims, business owners also first responders with physical wounds but also mental. These attacks have shown that strategies needed and should be required to help in the effort of the terror attacks as such. Therefore, they can help; all of the innocent parties involve dealing with this horrifying disaster in help with recovering from it. In this paper, it will discuss the matter like briefly describe the incident. Explain the viewpoints of local businesses regarding contingency planning. Evaluate the psychological effect of the terrorist incidents on local businesses. Assess how business leaders addressed the human impact of terrorist events also the conclusion. That will aid and express in this tragic matter. Briefly explanation On 2009, in Indonesia there was a terrorist attack done by suicide bombers at the JW Marriot and Ritz-Carlton hotels in Jakarta, the bombings struck five minutes apart from each other. Where nine victims killed and 50 others injured because of the blast. Both of the bombers had checked into both hotels a couple of days before the attack. The aftermath was horrible; the police later found bomb-making...
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...was a dark time for all countries involved and especially the United States. Following the war in Europe ending with the death of Adolf Hitler, the war in the Pacific raged on. The United States were fighting with Japan to avenge the bombing of Pearl Harbor which started World War 2. Pearl Harbor was a surprise bombing of a United States naval base by Japan. It killed thousands of people and destroyed large amounts of naval equipment. As the United States fought Germany in Europe, the conflict with Japan was on the backburner. Now with the war in Europe over, Japan is the main enemy. Japan’s military strategy was known to be very unorthodox. With suicide pilots attacking U.S. ships and their relentless mindset made it a daunting task for the U.S. to overcome. In the mainland the U.S. was holding Japanese Americans in internment camps to isolate them from the rest of society in fear they may be giving information to the Japanese. The United States did not see an invasion of Japan as a viable option so they considered the option of using nuclear weaponry. The first reason for the justification of the atomic bomb was because of Japan’s refusal to surrender. Throughout the war and history, Japan was known to have a very unorthodox military strategy. Their main mentality was to kill or die trying (“War Against”). Japan was taught that they are fighting for the honor of their...
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...They often sent out individuals on motorcycles to initiate a first wave of attacks, make a quick escape, and then follow up with stronger, larger operation (Elden, 2014). To this effect, Boko Haram attacked the Northern city of Kano in 2012 by using this technique followed up a military style strategy in which they set up road blocks prior to the attack in order to control certain areas and maximize the attack’s effectiveness (Elden, 2014). Then in 2014, the most brazen and notable attack that group has conducted took place with the kidnapping of 276 schoolgirls. This attack changed the landscape of the group and Regens et al. (2016) pointed out, “The 2014 kidnapping of 276 schoolgirl in Chibok, Nigeria, combined with the subsequent threats by the group’s leader to sell them as slaves, dramatically raised Boko Haram’s international profile: (p. 45). Horrifically, this event paralleled with the groups increase to use children, primarily girls, as suicide bombers. Martin (2018) noted, “Beginning in 2014, Nigeria’s Boko Haram often deployed young women and girls, some as young as 8 years old, as suicide bombers. By 2016, an estimated one in five Boko Haram suicide bombers was a child, generally a girl” (p. 54). This distributing trend of using children in their terror campaign has continued to be one of the group’s primary methods of operating. As evident, Martin (2018) concluded Boko Haram has...
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...Defeating the Islamic State: Both Short-term and Long-term Counter Strategies for the Proto-State and its Ideologies Christopher J. Minchin Norwich University FIRST DRAFT SOCI 401A Culture and Anthropology February 16, 2016 Tracey Poirier Source: The Institute for the Study of War (ISW) and the Critical Threats Project (CTP).), Jan, 2016. “If you know the enemy and know yourself you need not fear the results of a hundred battles“ –– Sun Tzu, Chinese philosopher and military strategist, around 500 BC. “Our terrorism against America is blessed terrorism.” –– Osama bin Laden (on video) “The acme of this religion is jihad.” — Osama bin Laden (Bergen, 2001, p. 41) Many have asked, “what can we do to defeat the Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS)? ” There have been a variety of suggestions from airstrikes, isolation , establishing a national unity government in Iraq to the feasibility of a counter-offensive using 'local' militia's and only as a last resort U.S. Boots on the ground. These are all worthy ideas; however, it is imperative to get a fundamental understanding of what has caused this problem because ISIS is growing and becoming stronger (even though current air strikes and counter-offensives have been successful). Before a decision can be made a rigorous analysis is necessary, a sociological analysis, so that the United States and the rest of the world can determine what must be done regarding ISIS and why. (Thesis):...
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...Afghanistan was achieved in 1989, the group’s new principal aim was to establish Islamic governments, particularly in Saudi Arabia – the homeland of leader Osama bin Laden. Al Qaeda remains one of the most high-profile terrorist organisations in the world, and envisages ‘a complete break from all foreign influences in Muslim countries, the creation of a world-wide Islamic state, campaigns against Christian and Jewish people due to their alliance conspiring to destroy Islam, and opposition of man-made laws and promotion of sharia law.’ Al-Qaeda’s strategies are brutal, and history has shown that they overwhelm, financially strangle, manipulate and stretch their enemies, including the want for nations to be divided, so that a larger opportunity can be created for Al-Qaeda to enter that country. Aside from their economic and psychological strategies, Al-Qaeda employ characteristic techniques, including suicide attacks and simultaneous bombings on both civilian and military targets in various countries. The most notable of these include the September 11 attacks, widely regarded as the worst international terrorist...
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...Female Suicide Terrorism Abstract This article examines the phenomenon of female suicide terrorism. Women involvement in terrorism and political violent acts is not a recent phenomenon but the ever growing number of women involved and the universal belief of the nonviolent character of women, constitute sufficient reasons to analyze this gender shifting in terrorism. Introduction Women involvement in terrorism and political violent acts is not a recent phenomenon but the ever growing number of women involved and the universal belief of the nonviolent character of women, constitute sufficient reasons to analyze this gender shifting in terrorism. The purpose of this analysis is to attempt an explanatory view of the fundamental of female suicide terrorism in Islam. This study will focus on the study of Palestinian female suicide terrorism as the Palestinian example seems to constitute an appropriate pars pro toto. Indeed, as stated by Corocan-Nantes in her article “Unnatural beings: Gender and terrorism,” “in most of the major works on the study of terrorism there is no mention of gender despite the fact that in the last decade there has been a noticeable increase in the study of 'female terrorism.'” The common belief being to associate terrorist acts to men. Counter-Terrorism Strategy The Female suicide terrorism is real security threat that requires our full attention. A comprehensive counterterrorism plan should recognize the increasing potential for use of suicide...
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...SAILAJA BODEPUDI USS COLE BOMBING (2000) On October 12, 2000, suicide terrorists exploded a small boat alongside the USS Cole—a Navy Destroyer—as it was refueling in the Yemeni port of Aden. Yemen plays a key part in the ability for U.S. and coalition maritime forces to operate in the region. The blast ripped a 40-foot-wide hole near the waterline of the Cole, killing 17 American sailors and injuring many more. This boat bombing was a new methodology, which was used by the terrorists to attacks on their counterparts. As a consequence of the attack, concentrated on executing approaches to enhance U.S strategies and practices for mitigating terrorist attacks on U.S. was used by the terrorists to attacks on their counterparts. Three groups claimed responsibility for the Aden attack – the Islamic Army of Aden-Abyan previously unknown in Yemen, the Army of Mohammed, and the Islamic Deterrence Forces (IDF). A suspected al Qaeda terrorist wanted in connection with the October 2000 bombing of the USS Cole exploded himself with a grenade late Wednesday as Yemeni security strengths surrounded him in Yemen's capital city, security sources said. Authorities had gone to a suspected al Qaeda fort, a house in a poor area of Sana's downtown, and a firefight resulted. The suspect bounced into a taxi, and as authorities attempted to stop the vehicle, the man hauled out an explosive and was clearly attempting to toss it when it blasted in his grasp, sources said. A police identified the suspect...
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