...Supply Chain Frameworks Customer-supplier relationship management models and frameworks can also be viewed within the context of the different types of supply chain models that exhibit customer-supplier relationship management. This will include a variety of supply chain models which address customer-supplier relationships such as HP, SCOR, GSCF, and IUE-SSC model. These models identify customer-supplier relationships by adopting two differing views; product and service supply chain view. Product oriented models adopt a manufacturing approach that involves the physical movement of goods under uncertainties managed to satisfy customer demands and include the HP, SCOR and GSCF models. The Hewlett Packard (HP) model was developed by the Hewlett Packard Company as a result of spiral inventory and customer dissatisfaction the company was facing with its order fulfillment process. Lee, H. and C. Billington, (1995), The Evolution of Supply-Chain Management Models and Practice at Hewlett-Packard, Business Source Premiere, Vol. 25, 42-63, used this model to demonstrate how suppliers, manufacturers and customers are linked in the flow of goods with multiple warehouses providing inventory at each stage to buffer demand. The Supply Chain Operations Reference (SCOR) model is a highly structured and broad model developed by the Supply Chain Council to measure total supply chain performance; Supply Chain Council. [Online].(http://supply-chain.org/f/SCOR%2090%20Overview%20Booklet.pdf ) (Accessed...
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...Industrial and Corporate Change, Volume 19, Number 1, pp. 81–116 doi:10.1093/icc/dtp032 Advance Access published June 22, 2009 Who profits from innovation in global value chains?: a study of the iPod and notebook PCs Jason Dedrick, Kenneth L. Kraemer and Greg Linden This article analyzes the distribution of financial value from innovation in the global supply chains of iPods and notebook computers. We find that Apple has captured a great deal of value from the innovation embodied in the iPod, while notebook makers capture a more modest share of the value from PC innovation. In order to understand these differences, we employ concepts from theories of innovation and industrial organization, finding significant roles for industry evolution, complementary assets, appropriability, system integration, and bargaining power. Downloaded from icc.oxfordjournals.org at University of Dhaka on June 19, 2011 1. Introduction The power of innovation to reward pioneers with exceptional profits is well known. Yet, as recognized in various strains of the business strategy literature, the value generated from the innovation is generally shared by the innovator with some combination of component suppliers, intellectual property owners, providers of complementary products and services, competitors, and consumers. This is all the more true as firms focus on a set of core activities and rely on a network of allies and suppliers to help them create and produce innovative products. In such...
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...Ethical Code and CSR activities: DEFINITION of 'Code of Ethics' A code of ethics document may outline the mission and values of the business or organization, how professionals are supposed to approach problems, the ethical principles based on the organization's core values and the standards to which the professional will be held. A guide of principles designed to help professionals conduct business honestly and with integrity. A code of ethics document may outline the mission and values of the business or organization, how professionals are supposed to approach problems, the ethical principles based on the organization's core values and the standards to which the professional will be held. Corporate social responsibility Corporate social responsibility (CSR, also called corporate conscience, corporate citizenship or responsible business) is a form of corporate self-regulation integrated into a business model. “By Mallen Baker” One of the most frequently asked questions at this site - and probably for all those individuals and organizations dealing with CSR issues is the obvious - just what does 'Corporate Social Responsibility' mean anyway? Is it a stalking horse for an anti-corporate agenda? Something which, like original sin, you can never escape? Or what? Different organizations have framed different definitions - although there is considerable common ground between them. My own definition is that CSR is about how companies manage the business processes to produce...
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...innovation related to the features of their products as well as their design The Evolution of HTC HTC was founded in 1997 by three business people and technology enthusiasts Cher Wang, HT Cho and Peter Chou. The founders took the roles of Chairwoman, Director of Board and Chairman of HTC Foundation, and President and CEO respectively. At the initial period of business HTC was mainly involved in partnerships with companies like Compaq, Dell and HP designing and building PDAs (personal digital assistants) for them. The most innovative and acclaimed products of these brands HTC was closely involved in include Compaq iPAQ, Treo 650, O2 XDA, and Orange SPV (Hi, we’re HTC, 2010) The company was introduced to the public as an independent brand starting from June 2006, and manufactured its first own brand product HTC Touch, which is claimed to be by the company a first finger-friendly touch-screen smartphone in June 2007. Today HTC boasts with its popular products as Touch Diamond, Hero, HD2, HD Legend, and Desire, and has been ranked by Business Week as the second best performing technology company in Asia in 2007, and third place in Business Week Global listing in 2006. Internal and External Factors that Affected the Evolution of HTC There are set of internal and external factors that have affected to the evolution of HTC. One of the main internal factors that have affected the evolution of HTC does...
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...MORE FREE TERM PAPERS ON SITE: www.BesplatniSeminarskiRadovi.com SOFTWARE PROJECT MANAGEMENT A Term Paper ON ERP Implementation-Procedures, Issues, Challenges & Failures Introduction An Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system is an integrated computer-based application used to manage internal and external resources, including tangible assets, financial resources, materials, and human resources. Its purpose is to facilitate the flow of information between all business functions inside the boundaries of the organization and manage the connections to outside stakeholders. Built on a centralized database and normally utilizing a common computing platform, ERP systems consolidate all business operations into a uniform and enterprise-wide system environment. An ERP system can either reside on a centralized server or be distributed across modular hardware and software units that provide "services" and communicate on a local area network. The distributed design allows a business to assemble modules from different vendors without the need for the placement of multiple copies of complex and expensive computer systems in areas which will not use their full capacity. To be considered an ERP system, a software package should have the following traits: ➢ Should be integrated and operate in real time with no periodic batch updates. ➢ All applications should access one...
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...expensive computer systems in areas which will not use their full capacity. To be considered an ERP system, a software package should have the following traits: - Should be integrated and operate in real time with no periodic batch updates. - All applications should access one database to prevent redundant data and multiple data definitions. - All modules should have the same look and feel. - Users should be able to access any information in the system without needing integration work on the part of the IS department. Various modules of ERP System are: - Transactional Backbone • Financials • Distribution • Human Resources • Product lifecycle management - Advanced Applications • Customer Relationship Management (CRM) • Supply chain management software - Purchasing - Manufacturing - Distribution • Warehouse Management System...
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...D’Amore-McKim School of Business Supply Chain Data Visualization by Mapping and Geographic Analytics (GA) Sandeep Kumar Karumuru 04/19/2016 Image1 Research Paper submission for Supply chain management (Spring 2016) To Distinguished Professor of Supply Chain Management Dr. Nada R. Sanders 1 Table of Contents Abstract 3 Overview 4 Background 5 Supply Chain Visualization 6 Supply Chain Mapping 7 Geographic Analytics 8-11 Business Example 12 Future Trends 13 Benefits and Challenges 14 Conclusion 15 Bibliography 16 2 Abstract The focus of this research paper in on the process of how workflow is handled in a typical supply chain environment. There are numerous areas of focus that come to mind when we talk about improvements for a supply chain but the process itself is not given enough significance. The research paper covers the most popular process in use, from spreadsheets to its immediate future evolution i.e. visualization tools for supply chain data. There are several tools that exist in the market, each of them have their advantages and disadvantages when used in a certain environment. Supply chain mapping is one such tool that many companies are already utilizing but the mapping tool which gives a visual representation of the entire supply chain network is only an abstract network map and so it has its shortcomings. In contrast, supply chain mapping can be utilized alongside...
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...Dell’s Supply Chain Management Strategy Build-to-order model, Dell, Direct model, PC Manufacturing, SCM, Supply Chain Case Study Abstract The focus of this case study is the supply chain management practices of Dell. Dell has been following its unique ‘direct build-to-order’ sales model for more than 20 years. Customers can plan their own configuration and place orders directly with the company via the phone or its Web site. Over the years, Dell’s supply chain efficiencies and direct sales gave it a competitive advantage. Can Dell regain its market leader position from HP? In 2006 however, Dell faced several problems. Many customers complained about long delays in supplies. Recall of Sony battery cells in its laptops brought undesirable media hype to the company. Increasing discontent of customers led to a slowdown in sales. Consequently, Dell lost its market leadership to Hewlett-Packard Co. (HP). Industry analysts felt that, with Dell’s competitors also improving their supply chains and matching Dell’s direct model, the company had been losing its competitive edge. Dell will have to bear additional costs with its foray into retail distribution thereby minimizing its cost advantage. Besides, profit margins of Dell will drop further since it will have to offer incentives to compete with HP in retail stores. Though Dell spruced up its product design and range but Apple is clearly far ahead of it. Many experts feel that such new initiatives will only distract Dell from its...
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...Q1. How has Solectron’s value to its customers evolved over time? Over the years, Solectron’s value to its customers has evolved drastically from a player in the Electronics Manufacturing Service industry to a Supply Chain integrator for major firms like IBM, HP, Sony, Ericsson, Cisco etc. Initially, Solectron manufactured a wide range of products for its customers in many business segments like Networking, Telecommunications, Computers, Computer peripherals, avionics, consumer electronics, GPS etc. As Solectron grew, it expanded its services so much so that by the end of 90s it had three strategic business units: * Technology Solutions, which provided technology building blocks which helped customers minimise time-to-market for new products * Global Manufacturing, which provided design, new product introduction, and manufacturing and distribution services * Global Services, which provided repair, upgrade, maintenance etc The company, with Mr. Chen concentrated on offering high quality, responsiveness, communication, service and technical support. The main objective was to achieve customer satisfaction by providing high quality. When Solectron offered contract manufacturing services to OEMs, its aim was to offer them services at reduced prices due to greater volume purchasing. Rather than outsourcing as a way to access relatively inexpensive skilled labour, it became a source of tactical advantage which they provided. Tactical turnkey assembly meant that OEMs...
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...Introduction Dell Computer Corporation was founded in 1984 by Michael Dell in his dorm room at the University of Texas. In 2003, the company name was changed to Dell Inc. to reflect evolution of it from a computer manufacturer to a company that provides a wide range of technology related services. Dell Inc., now an American privately owned multinational company, became successful by providing quality inexpensive computer products than its competitors and grew to be the number one in the world (Exhibit 1) by implementation of its Direct Model. While competitors sold primarily through distributors, resellers and retailers, Dell directly took specified orders from customers through its established website and telephone lines, built and shipped devices to customers. Dell’s success started when its revenue surfaced $80,000 per month in 1984, and its ever growing revenue to billions of dollars, shares price and domination of PC market and standards until its defeat by Wlett-Packard (HP) in 2007. The ever falling of Dell’s shares price eventually made Michael Dell to buy back Dell’s shares in order to be able to restructure its legacy PC business one day. Company’s Current Strategy Dell Inc. pursues a focused differentiation strategy by offering premium quality products and devices and the best possible before and after sales customer service in a very timely manner. Dell believes it has the most efficient business model in the fierce competitive PC making industry. The company’s...
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...peers in revenue growth, profitability and total return to shareholders, • sustain their superiority across time, business cycles, industry disruptions and changes in leadership. In this case study, we investigate how a genuine commitment to sustainability— defined as environmental and social responsibility—is helping HP to grow its leadership in key markets. We look at how HP translates its green credentials into profitable new businesses and better-performing existing ones, all while advancing its long-term position as a model corporate citizen in the global arena. Transforming a good-citizenship heritage into contemporary sustainability credibility For HP, building a global sustainability program—one that is held to the same rigorous standards of accountability and profitability as its other business initiatives—is an ambitious and ongoing challenge. With little precedent in the IT sector and virtually none in organizations of HP’s size and complexity, the endeavor has required the company to continually innovate, adjust its strategy, and regularly re-commit to its vision through an evolving process that touches every level of the 321,000-employee organization. For HP, sustainability, efficiency, and profitability go hand in hand. “Among HP’s values is a deep respect for the environment, and an ingrained commitment to...
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...this ony led to a network of satisfied customers with the potential to do business again and again in the future. However, the direct-sales business model was merely a tool for Dell to do business. If the success of Dell was based solely on this model, Dell would have not been able to rise to the top of the competition in two decades despite being a late entrant. Many competitors of Dell duplicated the model and tried to do business the same way as them. However, there are a few core elements that differentiate Dell’s strategy: build-to-order manufacturing, mass customization, partnerships with suppliers, just-in-time components inventories, direct sales, customer service, and extensive data and information sharing with both supply partners and customers. Through this strategy, the company hoped to achieve what...
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...Dell Headquartered in Round Rock, Texas, Dell Computer Corporation is a premier provider of products and services required for customers worldwide to build their information-technology and Internet infrastructures. Dell was founded in 1984 by Michael Dell, the computer industry's longest-tenured chief executive officer, on a simple concept: that by selling computer systems directly to customers, Dell could best understand their needs and efficiently provide the most effective computing solutions to meet those needs. Dell Global Citizenship Principles Dell's global citizenship principles guide the company as it globalizes its operations, enters new markets, and expands its global employment base. Dell's goal is to be a good neighbor in the communities where we live and work. Our global citizenship principles are based on our corporate values and policies regarding social and environmental stewardship and draw from the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and fundamental conventions of the International Labour Organization, the International Organization for Standardization, as well as the experience of other corporations around the globe. The Dell Effect Dell is committed to using its unique direct business model to make technology more affordable and accessible to people and institutions around the world so that they can take advantage of the tremendous economic and social benefits of more pervasive technology. To do this, Dell is: • Using its customer direct model...
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...Hewlett-Packard Company Company Profile Publication Date: 16 Apr 2010 www.datamonitor.com Europe, Middle East & Africa 119 Farringdon Road London EC1R 3DA United Kingdom t: +44 20 7551 9000 f: +44 20 7551 9090 e: euroinfo@datamonitor.com Americas 245 5th Avenue 4th Floor New York, NY 10016 USA t: +1 212 686 7400 f: +1 212 686 2626 e: usinfo@datamonitor.com Asia Pacific Level 46 2 Park Street Sydney, NSW 2000 Australia t: +61 2 8705 6900 f: +61 2 8088 7405 e: apinfo@datamonitor.com Hewlett-Packard Company ABOUT DATAMONITOR Datamonitor is a leading business information company specializing in industry analysis. Through its proprietary databases and wealth of expertise, Datamonitor provides clients with unbiased expert analysis and in depth forecasts for six industry sectors: Healthcare, Technology, Automotive, Energy, Consumer Markets, and Financial Services. The company also advises clients on the impact that new technology and eCommerce will have on their businesses. Datamonitor maintains its headquarters in London, and regional offices in New York, Frankfurt, and Hong Kong. The company serves the world's largest 5000 companies. Datamonitor's premium reports are based on primary research with industry panels and consumers. We gather information on market segmentation, market growth and pricing, competitors and products. Our experts then interpret this data to produce detailed forecasts and actionable recommendations, helping you create new business opportunities...
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...1.6 MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM 4. Discuss in detail the activities involved in development of e-commerce based Information System in an organization. STRATEGIES One of the first challenges involved in moving to online commerce is how to compete with other e-commerce sites. A common problem in addressing this challenge is that e-commerce is often analyzed from a technical standpoint, not a strategic or marketing perspective. E-commerce provides several technical advantages over off-line commerce. It is much more convenient for the buyer and the seller, as there is no need for face-to-face interaction and Web-based stores are open 24 hours a day. Also, e-commerce purchasing decisions can be made relatively quickly, because a vendor can present all relevant information immediately to the buyer. These factors lend themselves to a transactional approach, where e-commerce is seen as a way to reduce the costs of acquiring a customer and completing a sale. In contrast, most successful e-commerce Web sites take a relational view of e-commerce. This perspective views an e-commerce transaction as one step among many in building a lasting relationship with the buyer. This approach requires a long-term, holistic view of the e-commerce purchasing experience, so that buyers are attracted by some unique aspect of an e-commerce Web site, and not by convenience. Since consumers can easily switch to a competing Web site, customer loyalty is the most precious asset for an e-commerce site...
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