...ADVANTAGE TECHNOLOGY NETWORKS PRACTICE PROCESS BALANCE PERFORMANCE SUPPLY CHAIN SUPPLY CHAIN THE &THE VS. HYPE REALITY 46 SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT REVIEW · SEPTEMBER/OCTOBER 2001 www.scmr.com The conventional wisdom is that competition in the future will not be company vs. company but supply chain vs. supply chain. But the reality is that instances of head-to-head supply chain competition will be limited. The more likely scenario will find companies competing— and winning—based on the capabilities they can assemble across their supply networks. By James B. Rice, Jr. and Richard M. Hoppe A n increasingly vocal and popular sentiment holds that the nature of competition in the future will not be between companies but rather between supply chains. If this does, in fact, represent the future, how will these chains actually compete against each other? And what can practitioners do now in anticipation of this future? In contemplating the much-ballyhooed supply chain vs. supply chain (SC vs. SC) proposition, we first sought examples of this competition in action. Yet for as many examples of SC vs. SC competition that we found, there were at least as many places where the model didn’t fit. On the one hand, we saw vivid examples where one company or a series of companies had designed supply networks to act with singular focus against other unique companies or groups of companies—for example, Brax, Perdue Farms, and Tyson Foods. Yet more...
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...Learning Team Reflection: Supply Chain and Demand Definitions Supply Chain According to Investopedia the Supply Chain is defined as the network created amongst different companies producing, handling and/or distributing a specific product. Specifically, the supply chain encompasses the steps it takes to get a good or service from the supplier to the customer. Supply and Demand In classical economic theory, the relation between these two factors determines the price of a commodity. This relationship is thought to be the driving force in a free market. As demand for an item increases, prices rise. When manufacturers respond to the price increase by producing a larger supply of that item, this increases competition and drives the price down. Modern economic theory proposes that many other factors affect price, including government regulations, monopolies, and modern techniques of marketing and advertising (dictionary.reference.com). Relationship The supply chain and supply and demand model are very similar because they both work hand and hand to be successful. Both models can be used to project much needed information of what consumers purchase and the amount they will pay for it. This is very useful to the stakeholders, involved in this process. Essentially these models can predict the consumer’s wants and needs for products on the market and for researching future products. The customers wants is what drives the supply chain. In the demand model the customer is at the...
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...DYNAMICS OF SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT AN APPROACH TOWARDS EFFECTIVENESS & EFFICIENCY OF SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT AT ITC LIMITED, Bangalore “A project report submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of MBA” BY T.Lakshmi (02XQCM6061) 8QGHU 6XSHUYLVLRQ WKH RI Dr.N.S.Mallavali Principal, M.P.Birla institute Of Management Mr. Savio Suveire Branch Finance Manager ITC Limited, Bangalore. Mr. Vineeth Vishwambharam Asst. Branch Manager ITC Limited, Bangalore M.P.Birla Institute Of Management D C B B @ 9 8 7 5 E¦¢#A¦©§64 ¡2 1 £( ¡ % ¡ " ¡ £ ¨ ¡ ¥ £ ¡ 3'¦0)'&¤$#¦!¤¡ ©§¦¤¢ DECLARATION I hereby declare that the research work embodied in the dissertation entitled “Dynamics of supply chain management at ITC Ltd., Bangalore “ has been carried out by me under the guidance and supervision of Dr. N.S.Malavalli, Principal,M.P.B.I.M , Bangalore (Internal Guide) and Mr. Savio ,Branch Finance Manager,ITC Ltd. ,Bangalore (External Guide). I also declare that the dissertation has not been submitted to any University/Institution for the award of any Degree/Diploma. Place: Bangalore Date: (T.Lakshmi) ACKNOWLEGEMENT I thank V.S.Vaidhyanathan,Sr. Vice President Corporate Affairs ITC Ltd. Delhi, and Mr. Thomas Mathew ,H.R Manager of ITC Ltd. Bangalore, for giving me an opportunity to do research in their company. I extend grateful thank to Mr.Vineeth Vishwambharam, Asst Branch Manager and Mr.Savio Suverrie...
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... • Did your FM make the step from supporting to enabling (from reactive to pro-active)? • Did you make the next step in positioning FM: from facility management to enabling leadership (from marching along the choosen road to marking the shining path) The strategic choices • Facility or make • Example Health care • Take hospitals: – Healing patients – Or – Enabling medical professionals to execute medical interventions Context: what is the world around FM Social Economic: a New Economy Geo-Political: The world is not enough Geo-Political: shifting power positions Political-Administrative: relationship business vs. state • Turbulence by crisis • Changing Governance systems • Limited tenability of current models • • • • New Economy disintermediated prosumption multiformity networks/chains ICT convergence changing economic landscape demand driven knowledge...
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...Ford vs Dell Executive Summary FORDs current method of controlling all aspects of the manufacturing is outdated and is limiting the corporation’s annual results. In order to stay competitive and become efficient again, FORD needs to re-evaluate their current supply chain and implement key portions of DELLs vertically integrated supply chain model. A proper implementation will increase information flow between suppliers, departments and dealers resulting in a reduction of redundant inventory and focus towards just in time inventory. All of these factors will further drive up the already US industry leading profit margin per vehicle. In order to accomplish these goals FORD needs to refocus the Purchasing department’s responsibilities, consolidate and develop suppliers that deliver finished high level components and increase the information flow across all points of the supply chain. These steps will help to introduce a more pull-based system. Contents Issue identification 1 Environmental and root cause analysis 2 Alternatives/Options 3 Recommendations 4 Implementation 5 Monitor & Control 6 Issue identification • Current order to delivery (OTD) is more than 60 days. • Management of large supplier network. • Utilization of IT is lacking. • Purchasing isn’t integrated into Product development. • Independent dealership network has resulted in FORDs loss of control over customer service experiences. This network also...
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...re-evaluate their current supply chain and implement key portions of DELLs vertically integrated supply chain model. A proper implementation will increase information flow between suppliers, departments and dealers resulting in a reduction of redundant inventory and focus towards just in time inventory. All of these factors will further drive up the already US industry leading profit margin per vehicle. In order to accomplish these goals FORD needs to refocus the Purchasing department’s responsibilities, consolidate and develop suppliers that deliver finished high level components and increase the information flow across all points of the supply chain. These steps will help to introduce a more pull-based system. Contents Issue identification 1 Environmental and root cause analysis 2 Alternatives/Options 3 Recommendations 4 Implementation 5 Monitor & Control 6 Issue identification • Current order to delivery (OTD) is more than 60 days. • Management of large supplier network. • Utilization of IT is lacking. • Purchasing isn’t integrated into Product development. • Independent dealership network has resulted in FORDs loss of control over customer service experiences. This network also breeds FORD vs. FORD sales battles not a Global entity mindset. Environmental and root cause analysis FORDs existing supplier base is a direct product of historical business practice. As the company has grown and demand has increased they have just...
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...today transforming its supply chain to move to an end to end supply chain model that will standardise and improve controls across our entire supply chain and manufacturing operations. To help us improve the business decisions we make across the enterprise we are going to implement a new process called the Core Commercial Cycle which is a key enterprise wide planning and decision-making process which brings together Commercial, Finance and Supply Chain to ensure supply chain plans allow us to meet the expected demand for our products. In practice, CCC takes form of a series of monthly meetings performed at global level. There are 3 important governing bodies in this cycle as described in the scheme below : the GDRM (Global Demand Review Meeting) aiming to review and agree the demand forecast for the next 2 years (risks, opportunities and issues), the GSRM (Global Supply Review Meeting) aiming to develop supply plan and scenarios on how to respond to the demand signal provided by the GDRM and finally, the S&OP (Sales and Operations Planning Meeting) where final decisions are taken based on the review of the escalations to end-up to the sign-off of an aggregated demand forecast and supply plan. Our Supply Chain execution and responsiveness require the tight synchronisation of supply and demand, as well as the orchestration of the data and information flow to analyse its performance and support the decision-making. If every part of the supply chain has its own data, then...
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...efficient and cost effective, it encompasses activities at many levels, and provides competitive advantage. System approach – system-wide strategy minimizing costs over the entire supply chain Challenge of SCM: 1. Strategies cannot be determined in isolation. 2. Minimize cost while maintaining system-wide service levels. 3. Uncertainty and risk Global optimization is complex because facilities are dispersed over a large area, different facilities have different goals, it’s a dynamic system; changes over time due to changing business and customer environment, seasonal fluctuations, competitors, trends, etc. Sources of uncertainty: lead-time, demand, transportation times, component availability, etc. Approaches to manage risk: 1. Build redundancy 2. Use info to better sense and respond to disruptions 3. Incorporate flexibility 4. Improve supply chain processes to including risk assessment measures Building blocks in effective supply chain: strategic partnerships, info sharing, outsourcing, e-business. Strategic issues – deal with long term goals (number, location, capacity of facilities) Tactical issues – quarterly/yearly basis (transportation, purchasing, inventory policies) Operational – day-to-day (truck-loading, scheduling, lead-time quotations) Supply chain disruptions: * Part shortages * Roll-out problems * Order change by customers * Production problems * Development problems * Quality problems Dealing...
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...14.1 Introduction * Information technology (IT) an important enabler of effective supply chain management * Typically spans the entire enterprise and beyond, encompassing suppliers on one end and customers on the other. * Includes systems that are: * internal to an individual company * external which facilitate information transfer between various companies and individuals Questions * What is the impact of business process change on IT implementation? * What are the goals of IT from the perspective of supply chain management? * What IT components are needed to achieve the goals of supply chain management? * What are the supply chain component systems and how should they be approached? * What are decision support systems and how do they support supply chain management? * What criteria should be used to select decision support systems? * What drives the selection of best of breed systems? 14.2 The Importance of Business Processes * Recent study by MIT, PRTM and SAP * Companies that invest mostly in business processes do better than those who invest in IT only and lack the appropriate business processes. * Investments only in technology without the appropriate business processes lead to negative returns. Challenges * Identify measures to characterize supply chain effectiveness * KPIs and SCOR Model are objective ways * Develop measures to characterize the level of maturity of the business...
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...LEGO’s CEO Knudstorp stated that this contract was the last major step of the restructuring of the groups supply chain, which has been implemented in 2004 (www.lego.com). It is evident, that cost savings have been the driving force for the outsourcing agreement with Flextronics. At the beginning of the arrangement it was a win-win-situation. LEGO had a professional partner and Flextronics was able to diversify its products and get knowledge about plastics for further market diversification. Given the size and complexity of the assignment, preliminary experiences with this arrangement were fairly positive. However, they also clearly demonstrated the challenges that face a company moving from vertical integration to a network constellation (Pedersen, 2012). Nonetheless LEGO had to experience, that the outsourcing to Flextronics included some challenges. It was difficult to transfer production knowledge from LEGO to Flextronics. Whereas LEGO’s workers knew that 60% of the production took place in the second half of the year, Flextronics was used to a more stable and predictable environment. Therefore, it was difficult to conduct the process effectively, document the production and utilize capacities. Furthermore, trust and misconceptions lead to problems. It was problematic for LEGO to coordinate and control the outsourcing partner. Though there had been various forecasts the collaboration did not fulfil the initial expectations (Pedersen, 2010). What Lego Expected 1. Minimized...
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...Contents * Breakdown of case study (Background) * The analyzing method * Model * Analyses of the case study (By method of comparison) * Projects * Product development * Production * operation * Marketing * Analysis of the projects (summary): * Question 1 * Question 2 * Question 3 Case study Breakdown of case study Jennifer Childs is the CEO of a mid-sized global pharmaceutical company that has offices and manufacturing plants in 8 countries. The company is moving in to new markets moving to a globalized company trend. The pharmaceutical company is experiencing and highly profitable year with $ 2 000 000 above projected profit margin. The focus is to use above profit for reinvestment into the company The CEO Jennifer Childs meets with 3 managers of the company to task them to present projects that focus to achieve the mission and vision of the company. The request for personal was given verbally Mission statement (themes) * Reduce cost * increased profit The analyzing method Used is the method where a scenario is established where by the preferred effective and efficient model for success to the requirements is established. This preferred model then is used to compare it to the case study and highlight where problems and issues exists, where by the case study is analyzed and core problems is highlighted Model: The model is based on effective, efficient, cross functional learning organization with core...
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...1. Question Supply Chain Resources definition are Materials, People, Information, Money or any other such resources that must be managed for profitable business operations. Define and describe brief information of the resources defined. Supply chain management (SCM) is the management of the flow of goods. It includes the movement and storage of raw materials, work-in-process inventory, and finished goods from point of origin to point of consumption. Interconnected or interlinked networks, channels and node businesses are involved in the provision of products and services required by end customers in a supply chain. Supply chain management has been defined as the "design, planning, execution, control, and monitoring of supply chain activities with the objective of creating net value, building a competitive infrastructure, leveraging worldwide logistics, synchronizing supply with demand and measuring performance globally. SCM draws heavily from the areas of operations management, logistics, procurement, and information technology, and strives for an integrated approach. Commonly accepted definitions of supply chain management include: • The management of upstream and downstream value-added flows of materials, final goods, and related information among suppliers, company, resellers, and final consumers. • The systematic, strategic coordination of traditional business functions and tactics across all business functions within a particular...
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...Table of Contents MODULE TITLE: SUSTAINABLE SUPPLY CHAIN - 1 - DESIGN AND OPERATION - 1 - 1.0) INTRODUCTION - 3 - 1.1) WHAT IS THE ISSUE? - 3 - 1.2) CURRENT STATE OF RESEARCH - 4 - 2.0) SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT (SCM) - 6 - 3.0) SUPPLY CHAIN OPTIMIZATION (SCO) - 7 - 4.0) SUPPLY CHAIN RESILIENCE (SCR) - 9 - 5.0) CAN SUPPLY CHAIN BE OPTIMIZED AND RESILIENT? - 10 - 5.1) CONCLUSION - 12 - 6.0) REFERENCES - 13 - 7.0) APPENDIX - 17 - 7.1) VULNERABILITY FACTORS - 17 - 7.2) CAPABILITY FACTORS - 18 - 1.0) Introduction The fierce competition in global and local markets, has forced company leaders to focus more on developing and designing an efficient and effective supply chain network. Pishvaee and Torabi (2010) ascertain that one of the most strategic and important element of SCM is making a strategic decision on supply chain network design. And this design takes into consideration some critical parameters that come with a lot of variability, such as the flow mechanism across the chain, facility locations, sizes and numbers. Because this long-term decision will impact the competitiveness of the company in many years to come, therefore, the designed network should be robust with these uncertain parameters. As a robust SC structure is the source of sustainable competitive advantage in this turbulent economic downtown. Therefore a robust SC is capable of making a firm resilient (Tang, 2006). The remaining part of this write-up is organized...
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...2 Value Chain Management The theoretical background is defined around the central term value chain. Chapter 2 presents research concepts to manage the value chain structured by their area of specialization either on supply, demand or values. Secondly, within an integrated framework, the results of the specialized disciplines are combined with the objective to manage sales and supply by values and volume. Value chain management is defined and positioned with respect to other authors’ definitions. A value chain management framework is established with a strategy process on the strategic level, a planning process on the tactical level and operations processes on the operational level. These management levels are detailed and interfaces between the levels are defined. Since the considered problem is a planning problem, the framework serves for structuring planning requirements as well as the model development in the following chapters. 2.1 Value Chain Value chain as a term was created by Porter (1985), pp. 33-40. A value chain “disaggregates a firm into its strategically relevant activities in order to understand the behavior of costs and the existing and potential sources of differentiation”. Porter’s value chain consists of a “set of activities that are performed to design, produce and market, deliver and support its product”. Porter distinguishes between • primary activities: inbound logistics, operations, outbound logistics, marketing and sales, service in the core value...
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...Proposal E-Business in Supply Chain Management Submitted by: Atif Rasheed Instructor Name: Qazi subhan Bahria University Islamabad Campus Department of management Science (Graduate Studies) Title: E-Business in Supply Chain Management Short Statement of Problem: The web is having a significant impact on how firms interact with each other and their customers. Past stumbling blocks for supply chain integration such as high transaction costs between partners, poor information availability, and the challenges of managing complex interfaces between functional organizations are all dissolving on the web. how the web is changing supply chain management It specifically explores the role of e-procurement as an example of how e-business concepts have been applied to one key SCM activity, namely purchasing and procurement. Significance: Nothing has rocked the young field of supply chain management like the emergence of the Internet. While the management of information flows have always been a key aspect of supply chain management, the rapid growth of web-based information transfer between companies, their suppliers, and their customers has decidedly increased the importance of information management in creating effective supply chains. In the past ten years, e-business, as an overarching business concept, has received increasing attention from academics and practitioners alike. The term ‘e-business’ was introduced by IBM in 1997....
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