Sponge Gourd (Luffa acutangula (L.) Roxb.), also known as Patola, is an edible fruit that is cultivated in the Philippines. Mature fruits are used as natural cleaning sponges. The plant possesses laxative and purgative property. The seeds possess emetic, expectorant, and demulcent property. Scientifically it is proven as CNS depressant; it is used traditionally in insect bites by tribes of Western Maharashtra. The pharmacognostic and phytochemical investigation done by Kalaskar and Surana (2010) has shown that patola indeed has active chemicals in aqueous extract and one of these is tannin; the naturally occurring plant polyphenols that serve as a natural defense mechanism against microbial infections.
Gram-positive cocci are common isolates in the clinical microbiology laboratory. Although most are members of the indigenous microbial biota, some species are causative agents of serious infectious diseases. Consequently, as stated by Mahon, Lehaman and Manuselis (2010) for the vast majority of clinical laboratory situations, coagulase-positive isolates from human sources are considered to be S. aureus. Its infections are contagious and can be transmitted from person to person, and the illnesses related to this bacteria can range from mild and requiring no treatment, to severe and potentially fatal. Anyone can acquire a Staphylococcus aureus infection, especially the newborn infants, breastfeeding women, and people with chronic conditions. Also, it is an alarming fact that both community-associated and hospital-acquired infections with Staphylococcus aureus have increased in the past 20 years.
Staphylococcus aureus infections are usually treated with antibiotics, but Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, known as MRSA, is a type of Staphylococcus aureus that is resistant to the antibiotic methicillin and other drugs in the same
