...Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Abstract Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic rheumatic autoimmune disease that affects multiple organ systems. The exact cause or causes of (SLE) is unknown, however genetic factors, gender, ethnic origin, and environmental factors have all been implicated in its development. Earlier diagnosis and more effective treatment options have significantly improved survival rates and life quality. Medical and pharmacologic treatment is usually tailored to the specific symptoms or organ systems that are involved due to its unpredictability and range of manifestations. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus affects primarily women of childbearing age and mostly in Asian, African American, and Hispanic populations. Treatment options include steroids, antimalarial drugs, and immunosuppressive agents. This overview will examine the etiology and effects of Lupus, how it impacts fertility and pregnancy in women, and life quality and expectancy. Various treatment options and alternative treatment methods will be discussed; considerations for employment and rehabilitation will be reviewed, as well as the future of therapeutic approaches. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Introduction The name “Lupus” is Latin for wolf and may have first been used to describe the lesions that resembled the bite marks and scratches made by a wolf's attack. The term “Lupus Erythematosus” was first introduced by physicians in the nineteenth century to describe skin lesions...
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...Lupus an Autoimmune Disease Human Body Professor E. December 2012 Abstract Systemic lupus erythematous (SLE) is a complex disease characterized by the appearance of autoantibodies against nuclear antigens and the involvement of multiple organ systems, including the kidneys. The exact events that trigger the onset of clinical manifestations of SLE are not yet well understood. However, research using various mouse strains impulsive and inducible lupus in the last two decades has provided insights into the role of the immune system in the pathogenesis of this disease. According to our present understanding, the immunological defects resulting in the development of SLE can be categorized into two phases: (a) systemic autoimmunity resulting in increased serum antinuclear and antiglomerular autoantibodies and (b) immunological events that occur within the target organ and result in end organ damage. TABLE OF CONTENT Abstract…………………………………………………………………….....2 Introduction…………………………………………………………………..4 Discussion……………………………………………………………………..5 What is lupus? Lupus is a chronic autoimmune disease, which causes inflammation of various parts of the body, especially the skin, joints and kidneys. The body’s immune system normally makes proteins called antibodies to protect the body against viruses, bacteria and other foreign materials. These foreign materials are called antigens. In an autoimmune disorder such as lupus, the immune system loses its ability to tell the difference...
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...Abstract There are four types of lupus, systemic lupus erythematous, discoid, drug-induced, and neonatal lupus. Systemic lupus erythematous, also known as SLE or lupus and is sometimes called the “great imitator” due to the fact that it mnemonics so many other diseases. Family practice offices often misdiagnose lupus due to lack of symptoms at the time of visit, patients being poor historians and lab work that is inconclusive at that time. Discoid lupus affects only the skin and causes rashes and lesions mostly of the face, neck and scalp. During drug-induced lupus the person will experience lupus like symptoms. These symptoms usually resolve within six months after the drug is stopped. Individuals with drug- induced lupus may have a positive Antinuclear Antibody test more years after the episode. Neonatal lupus occurs when a child is born to a women with lupus. The infant may have lupus symptoms including rashes, anemia and liver problem which usually resolve within a few months. Some infants born to mothers with lupus may have serious heart defects. For the purpose of this paper the focus will be on systemic lupus erythematous. Systemic Lupus Erythematous Systemic lupus erythematous is a complex multisystem autoimmune disease in which the body’s immune system misfires and makes autoantibodies that attacks its own tissue. Lupus affects as many as 1.5 million people in America. (U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2007) Women are more commonly affected...
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...Ashwagandha Human Biology and Nutrition April 12, 2015 What is Ashwagandha? Ashwagandha also known as Indian winter cherry. Ashwagandha is a shrub cultivated in India and North America whose roots have been used for thousands of years by Ayurvedic practitioners in many medicinal ways. The root contains flavonoids and many active ingredients. Ashwagandha is most well-known for its restorative benefits. In Sanskrit Ashwagandha means “the smell of a horse,” indicating that the herb imparts the vigor and strength of a stallion, and has traditionally been prescribed to help people strengthen their immune system after an illness. I have never personally seen ashwagandha but it belongs to the same family as the tomato. Ashwagandha is a small shrub with oval leaves and yellow flowers. It produces red fruit about the size of a raisin. The herb is native to the dry regions of India, northern Africa, and the Middle East, and today is also grown in more mild climates, including the United States.The root and leaf are the parts that are used because they contain the highest amount of steroidal compounds which include the lactones Withaferin A, and carbon-27-glycowithanolides, known best as Withanolides Ashwagandha has been used as an herbal remedy for hundreds of years. It has many applications, and has been used to treat inflammation, fevers, and to protect against infection or illness. It has also been used to boost the immune system and improve memory. Ashwagandha is believed...
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...Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is considered one of many immune system disorders(5). SLE is a chronic inflammatory disease that affects many parts of the body through an autoimmune process(2). A natural immune system creates antibodies to fight antigens which are harmful substances such as viruses and bacteria. Whereas in SLE, the immune system does not differentiate between the natural tissues of the body and the foreign particles(5)(6). Auto-antibodies are produced that mistakenly attack the immune system itself and cause inflammation and damage to various body tissues(6)(7). The disease course is marked by remissions and relapses and may vary from mild to severe. Just like many immune system disorders,...
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...Molly Burke is currently 24 years old, she was born February 8, 1994 in Toronto, Canada. She grew up in Oakville, Ontario. Molly is a very influential young woman. Molly has been diagnosed with “retinitis pigmentosa”. She started locally speaking about her cause in grade 11, but because of how rare her disease is she made her first appearance of speaking at just five years old, However it was not about bullying it was about her condition. When Molly graduated high school is when she began to branch out and speak in the surrounding areas. Currently Molly goes around to schools to speak out and talk to students about bullying, she lets them know that they are not alone and that others have been through the same struggle. Another way she is helping bullying victims is by sharing her own personal struggle she had with being an easy target to bully and allowing them to be more comfortable with speaking up if they are or know of someone being bullied. She also has created a youtube channel, there she makes all sorts of different kind of videos like silly challenges to informational videos about different misunderstood topics she also has a video all about her retinitis. Molly’s story begins back when she was just a young girl, Molly had always struggled with her eyesight, as an article titled “Blind and bullied: She lost her sight and then things got worse” had stated, “she’d reach for a cookie and miss. She also bumped into things a lot and didn’t see well in the dark.” Her parents...
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...Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE)-Hydroxychloroquine Description: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is a chronic auto-immune disease that can affect and/or damage any part of the body. Systemic means that it targets systems of the body (Integumentary, Musculoskeletal, Cardiovascular, Hematologic, Lymphatic, and Immune Systems) Lupus is also a disease of flairs (worsening of symptoms and illness), and remissions (alleviation of symptoms and general good health). In Lupus, there is a deviation in the Immune system, which fights off infections from germs, viruses, and bacteria. Auto-immune means that the Immune system cannot tell the difference between these “foreign” elements and the normal, healthy tissues of the body. Signs and Symptoms: Symptoms...
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...Hematology - CKD M’Lyn Spinks Combating anemia in chronic kidney disease (CKD) with erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) has been shown to improve both mental and physical factors (Iranian, 2013). Erythropoietin (EPO) is a protein hormone produced by the kidney that binds with receptors in the bone marrow and stimulates erythrocyte production (Munk, 2013). Perceptions of quality of life, cognition, sexual function, symptoms of depression and socialization are all scored higher in patients with Hb levels in near-normal range (Iranian, 2013). While the most common physical symptoms of anemia in CKD improve with ESA treatment, it is also been shown to positively effect the more severe consequences (Iranian, 2013). Improvement in cardiac function has been noted in patients diagnosed with left ventricular hypertrophy and congestive heart failure (Iran, 2013) as well as stabilized renal function in non-dialysis patients (Iranian, 2013). Treatment of anemia in CKD patients is also attributed to reducing lengths of hospital stays and decreasing mortality rates (Iranian, 2013). While the benefits of ESA’s in combating the symptoms and consequences of anemia in CKD are indisputable, there is a wide range of treatment regimens, inconsistent parameters for treatment, and increased risk of stroke and morbidity in the pediatric population (Bamgbola, 2011). Regimens have been reported that are up to 30% different in dose and results show wide variations in patient response (Bamgbola...
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...[Name] [Professor] [Subject] [Date] How to save American colleges? One of the good thing about this article is that author has provided a thought provoking piece to the readers in the sense of mentioning details and sharing survey findings. Quoting the relevant executives along with mentioning surveys like Gallup-Purdue Index, writer keeps a flow of information that keeps generating interest. Latter he includes the reasons of spearheading survey findings by President of Purdue University who argues with logic and facts and provides sufficient data to support his position by giving economic tutorials. Article becomes theoretically boring as the writer starts talking about the corporate board and contingency planning for dealing financial challenges on part of educational institutes. For a reader outside the educational infrastructure, these challenges of finances are out of the box. They remain un-understandable. Although article ends up balancing with mentioning drawbacks of such detail insight as advocate faces critiques in response to his ideas. I like few interesting features of the article especially when writer talks about growth of students in the sense of measuring their learning process. He explains areas of critical thinking and writing to check and compare their learning growth from freshman year till commencement. He further exerts on his point by mentioning an earlier 2005 report which assures the same stance that four-year college graduates could not compare...
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...Lupus Erythematous: The Butterfly Effect Lupus erythematosus (LE) first originated in 1833 by many physicians throughout the historical periods of; the classical period, the neoclassical period, and the modern period. During the classical period of the 1800s, lupus was first coined. It comes from the Latin word ‘wolf’ that attributed to the thirteenth century by physician Rogerius who used the word to describe erosive facial lesions that manifested from a wolf’s bite (Lupus Foundation of America, n.d.). In the neoclassical period of the 1900s, scientists discovered that there are many sub forms of lupus, the most common type known as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). SLE has many other forms of names such as discoid and disseminated lupus....
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...Anatomy and Physiology Systemic Lupus Erythematosus is an autoimmune disease that causes the immune system to fight against parts of the body that it is designed to protect, not harm. This leads to inflammation and tissue damage in the affected organ. SLE can affect many parts of the body including the skin, the joints, kidneys, heart, lungs, blood vessels, and the brain. Typically, SLE is characterized by periods of illness, which are called flares, and periods of wellness, or remission. The key to keeping SLE under control is understanding how to prevent flares and how to treat them when they occur. The cause of SLE is not fully understood, but research suggests that genetics play an important role in its cause. Other factors that contribute...
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...administrative agency which controls the regulation. Explain why this agency and your proposed regulation interest you (briefly). Will this proposed regulation affect you or the business in which you are working? If so, how? The Department of Health and Human Services as well as the Food and Drug Administration controls the regulation. This particular regulation interests me because I am a Systemic Lupus Erythematous (SLE) patient and I have been suffering from this illness for over 10 years. There is a chance that somewhere in the near future I could develop Lupus Nephritis (LN) (renal disease stemming from SLE). Yes, this regulation could affect me in a positive manner. If the FDA approves treatment and new drugs to help suppress SLE, this could mean less people will develop LN. 2. Describe the proposal/change. The proposal is to create guidance for unmet medical needs for more effective and less toxic treatments. This proposal will help to develop human drugs, therapeutic biological products and medical devices for the treatment of Lupus Nephritis caused by Systemic Lupus Erythematous (SLE). 3. Write the public comment that you would have written. Explain briefly what you wish to accomplish with your comment. My comment is that more people are developing this debilitating disease and there aren’t many drugs and treatments that help to suppress the inflammation. I was diagnosed with this is disease in my early 20’s and recently my 17 year old daughter was diagnosed...
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...The Lupus Foundation of America approximates that there are around 1.5 million Americans affected by a form of lupus (Rooney 54). There are two main factions of lupus: systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE). The popular depiction of lupus as a disease associated with lesions and superficial symptoms is not necessarily an accurate portrait. Although Lupus Erythematosus gets its name from the Latin word lupus (wolf) because the lesions resembles the pattern of a wolf bite, the most common form of the disease is SLE which does not require lesions as a criteria for diagnosis (Rooney 56). The underlying concern that both DLE and SLE share is their label as an autoimmune disease. Autoimmune diseases work by attacking self antigens and tissues as if they were foreign (McKinley, O’Loughlin and Bidle 856). By analyzing a deconstructed look at lupus we hope to gain an insight into lupus’ pathological effect on the body and its relation to the immune system. SLE occurs when the body begins to attack its own tissues without known cause. Although there is not a definitive known cause for SLE, autoantibodies can combine to form immune complexes which can effectively damage internal tissue and the hyperactivity of b-cells contributes to the symptoms (Pullen, Brewer and Ballard 23) (Porth 1422). Genetic predisposition to SLE is evidenced by an increased concordance rate in twins (10-fold), increased incidences within family members (10%-16%), and increased...
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...LUPUS(SLE) Lupus (SLE) Introduction While there are numerous diseases that threaten the health of people, there are some that have only been discovered or are being attributed to the recent developments in medical sciences. Among the new kinds of diseases, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a major threat. Lupus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease, which makes the affected person's immune system hyperactive (Hughes, 2000). This entices the immune system into treating all living structures as foreign. As a result, the immune system directs antibodies even towards the healthy tissue in the body since they also register as antigens for the system (Rhines, 2012). The symptoms of the disease manifests in different ways, such as in the form of tissue inflammation, or swelling. In severe cases it can even manifest in the organ systems damaging lungs, heart, kidneys, and even blood (Lahita & Phillips, 2004). Symptoms are different from person to person and at times be transient. Some of the more common symptoms include: Skin rash that may be widespread and exacerbated with exposure to sunlight, photophobia, fatigue, and chest pain when taking deep breaths (A.D.A.M., 2011). Many people maintain the opinion that there is only one type of Lupus. However, this is not the case. There are numerous kinds of lupus with the most common being Lupus (SLE) – often termed as generic Lupus. This form attacks entire organs systems...
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...Lupus Public Awareness Michelle Alexander Axia College of University of Phoenix HCA/240 February 28, 2010 Overview Lupus is a chronic autoimmune disease that can cause major damage to any organ or tissue in your body. Lupus causes your immune system to become unbalanced and is of unknown etiology. In Lupus the immune system is unable to differentiate between foreign and its own systems cells and tissues. It then produces antibodies that fight the body’s own tissues. Lupus is diagnosed in 90% of women between the ages of 14-44, this is more than the men, but it can affect children and younger teens. It is found in non-whites more than Caucasians (Womens Health 2009). Lupus is not contagious or related to cancer; it is not related to or like HIV (Human Immune Deficiency Virus) or even AIDS (Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome). Who is most affected by Lupus? Lupus can develop in all ethnic and racial groups and 9 out of 10 women. Lupus is most commonly found in women of color such as; African American, Hispanic, Latina, Asian, Pacific Islanders, Native Hawaiians, and Native American. African American women are more than three times higher to get lupus than White American women. African American and Hispanic -Latinos tend to get lupus at an early age and will have more symptoms along with kidney problems. Hispanics have more heart problems and African Americans have more seizures than the other minority groups, this is widely due to the genetics. Diagnosis...
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