...Tawhid: The categories of shirk • Tawhid إِنَّ ٱللَّهَ لَا يَغْفِرُ أَن يُشْرَكَ بِهِۦ وَيَغْفِرُ مَا دُونَ ذَٰلِكَ لِمَن يَشَآءُ ۚ وَمَن يُشْرِكْ بِٱللَّهِ فَقَدِ ٱفْتَرَىٰٓ إِثْمًا عَظِيمًا • Surly Allah will not forgive the association of partners [shirk] with him but he forgives [sins] less than that of whomever he wishes. • Shirk literally means partnership, sharing or associating, but Islamically it refers to assigning partners to Allah in whatever form it may tack • La ilaha denies that anyone or anything deserves worship, and il-lal-lah restricts worship to Allah alone. • Rububiyyah (Lordship), then al- asma was-sifat (Divine names and attributes), and finally in ibadah (worship). 1. shirk in tawhid ar-rububiyyah a.) shirk by association • shirk in which people believe in most of god qualities and power, but they believe that god has parts. • prophet Muhammad (saw) is reported to have said, "when a man dies, his acts come to and end, except in three cases: an ongoing charity, beneficial knowledge, or a pious child who prays for him". b.) shirk by negation • In this form f shirk, Allah existence is completely denied. 2. shirk in tawhid al-asma was-sifat a.) shirk by humanization • In this form of shirk, god is given the form and qualities of human beings. Paintings...
Words: 375 - Pages: 2
...The Shahada is the gnosis of God and all his messenger(s). It is to accept the one and only Almighty Creator and his last messenger Mohammed (peace upon him). The concept of one God is called Tawheed. Importance of shahada it is enough to say that you have reached the side of safety. When someone says that ‘I am a Muslim’ it means he or she accepted and admitted Kalimat at-Tawheed, Kalimat ash-Shahada, "ashhadu an la ilaha illa Allah wa ashhadu anna Muhammadan Rasulullah". To become a Muslim means accept the shahada, or else you are not a Muslim. By saying "I am a Muslim" you have passed the first level. Then you have to go to the second level. It means you have said, "O Allah I admit that you are the Creator and I am your slave." Slave, not servant. In the law, testimony is a form of evidence that is obtained from a witness who makes a solemn statement or declaration of fact. Testimony may be oral or written, and it is usually made by oath or affirmation under penalty of perjury. Unless a witness is testifying as an expert witness, testimony in the form of opinions or inferences is generally limited to those opinions or inferences that are rationally based on the perceptions of the witness and are helpful to a clear understanding of the witness' testimony. Schools of Thought in PsychologyFrom structuralism to cognitivism, numerous schools of thought have emerged throughout psychology's history. Many of these theoretical outlooks have dominated the field at certain points...
Words: 285 - Pages: 2
...Asking of Forgiveness of Allah – Repentance Son! If shaitan puts ‘waswasa’ in your heart and instigates you to oppose Allah, don’t forget to ask for Allah’s forgiveness. Immediately ask for Allah’s forgiveness. Repentance destroys sins. (Usul-e-Kafi-2, p. 422) Always ask for Allah’s forgiveness. God knows, when you may sin without being aware of it. Son! Remember, ‘Tauba’ does not mean asking for Allah’s forgiveness and then continue sinning. This is not ‘Tauba’. It is like making fun of Allah. ‘Tauba consists of 6 things: (1) To repent for previous sins. (2) To make firm resolution that in future he will desist from committing such sins. (3) To give people their rights, dues and if he has done ‘ghibat’ then to ask for forgiveness. (4) If he has failed in performing his duties, then to do ‘qaza’. (5) To reduce, by crying, the flesh which has developed in the body by ‘Haram’ money, so much so that only skeleton remains and then flesh develops anew. (6) To bear as much hardship in the obedience of Allah as he had derived from committing a sin. ‘Tauba’ is complete after acting on these conditions. This is called ‘Tauba-e-Kamela’ (Nahjul Balagah, Wasaelush-Shia-2, p. 482) Remember, it is Allah’s mercy on the ‘Ummat’ of the Holy Prophet (s.a.w.a.) that He has promised to forgive anyone who asks for His forgiveness. Otherwise, the laws of forgiveness were so harsh in olden days that man cannot imagine it. Amirul-momeneen (a.s.) has said in the explanation...
Words: 2490 - Pages: 10
...Qutb had a seemingly minimal impact throughout his life, but his teachings and ideology have become of significant importance to the Islamic faith. However his views and thoughts of that are somewhat extreme have lead some followers to form organizations which are involved with radical, extreme and “terrorist” activities. Qutb’s teachings and commentary of Islamic teachings are seen to hold considerable authority and significance to adherents of Islam. His main and most revered teachings included: the belief in Tawhid (the oneness of God), the concept of Jahiliyya (pagan ignorance), jihad (struggle) and the need to revive Islam. Through his first book ‘Social Justice of Islam’ Qutb highlighted and upheld the importance of the Islamic idea of Tawhid. He strongly taught that everything was made with and through the Will of Allah, “So all Creation issuing as it does from one absolute, universal and active Will…” Qutb was able to reinforce this fundamental belief of Tawhid to adherents. Through this he wanted to create a society where religion and the sate were one. In this action Islamic religious laws would form the basis of the laws governing the particular society. In the contemporary world we see this in practice through Iran, in which religious laws govern the country. Therefore it appears that Qutb’s underlining focus to create a religious state did in fact become reality. Qutb’s development of the concept of jahiliyya (pagan ignorance) has had a considerable impact of Islam...
Words: 645 - Pages: 3
...Written by Anis Ahmed Quest for peace and justice is perhaps a core issue and a major shared aspiration in most of the world religions. However, a more realistic analysis will show that even for the Secularist thinkers peace has been a major concern, though, their basic assumptions and the motivating force behind it may be totally different. The post-capitalism mind set, with its deep commitment to economic development, individualism and ethical relativism, gradually developed a belief that war, can not help, in the long run, in achieving the social and economic targets of the industrialized world. Pacifism, in due course, as an individual commitment to non-violence was projected further and extended to other areas of concern. The strategic use of armed conflicts and wars, directly related with the capitalist urge to control sources of raw material and to create markets for its products, was reconsidered. A new strategic thinking put forward the thesis that peace and pacifism can also pave the way for free trade movement and help the capitalist powers in achieving their objectives, for which, conventionally, bloody wars were waged. In the post-world wars era, a functional approach of trade, travel, and democracy was considered as basis for internationalism. In an era of search for peace, efforts were made to avoid physical wars, considered enemy of free trade and travel. The age of cold war offered new opportunities for development of regional economies, mutual understanding...
Words: 3614 - Pages: 15
...Rita Alcalde Dr.Yazicioglu REL 241 23rd February, 2015 Islamic Perspective of Belief Belief in the Islamic tradition is referred to as the result of a choice. This choice implicates embracing, understanding, and following the central idea of the religion: al-Islam, which means “surrender”, and the harmony and concord that emanates from our surrender to God. Islam says that our commitment must be complete not limited; it implies not only internal but also external submission to God. In this essay, I would like to explain importance of belief in the Islamic religion, by presenting the fundamentals of belief, and their indispensable relationship with surrender. There are two key ingredients to get the reward to an eternal life in presence of God: believing in and surrendering to God. But one may ask: Why believe and surrender to One being? What does surrender to the One involve? Who is that One? All these questions have an answer. The One God, Allah, is the central reality of Islam in all of its facets. The word Allah is composed of “Al” which means “the,” and “ilah” which means “god”. The corroboration of this oneness is the nucleus of the Islam and, from the Muslim perspective, of every authentic religion. But the oneness of God is not the only creed. According to the Qur’an there are five elements Muslims have to believe in: God, angels...
Words: 1537 - Pages: 7
...ISLAMIC WORLDVIEW Irawan Febianto (i_febianto@yahoo.com) •CIFP (Chartered Islamic Finance Professional) Konsentrasi, Manajemen Syariah, FE Unpad •Sekretaris SOURCE: DR. MAGDA ISMAIL (INCEIF, 2009) LEARNING OBJECTIVES The Nature and Characteristic of Man. The Concept of Din and its Significance to Economic Activity. Islamic Worldview vs. Secular Worldview. Implications of Different Worldviews on Man’s Way of Life Definitions of Islam: Iman, ‘Amal, Ihsan. Concepts of Tawhid, Khilafah, Adalah. Concepts of accountability, transparency and trustworthiness 2 . What do you understand by the Worldview? INCEIF 3 WORLDVIEW Worldview explain how man perceives this world. It denotes “a set of implicit or explicit assumptions about the origin of the universe and the nature of human life”. INCEIF 4 SECULAR WORLDVIEW Every community or system is controlled or influenced by its own worldview. different worldviews among communities or among systems lead to dissimilar end means of human life. The MAN’S WAY OF LIFE FROM SECULAR VIEW Separation between religion and other aspects of life, Materialistic, Individualistic, Less socio-economic justice, Less public relations, less concern with the Hereafter life. 6 INCEIF MAN’S WAY OF LIFE IN ISLAM Belief in a dual worldviews: this world & the hereafter. Religion is part of his/her daily life. Maslahah of the ummah (public benefit), Accountability...
Words: 1880 - Pages: 8
...Chapter 1: IMAGE JUDAISM God as One Second commandment (A): “You shall have no other gods before me” Abraham “Father of monotheism” Distinctiveness of Israel “Gods of the heathens are nought” Examples: Maimonides 2nd principle (Box 1.1) – “God is one” Yigdal hymn (p. 29) – Maimonides put into poetic song, part of Jewish daily prayer book Shema (Box 1.2) – Part of official evening and morning prayers – Also inscribed in black ink on “kosher” animal skin parchment, placed inside containers: Tefillin – strapped to forehead and left arm at weekday morning prayers => Mind, head, heart Mezuzah – fixed to doorposts of Jewish homes at eye level => constant reminder of oneness of God each time the believer passes God as Invisible & Indivisible Second commandment (B) ...You shall not make for yourself a graven image, or any likeness of anything that is in heaven above, or that is in the earth beneath, or that is in the water under the earth;5 you shall not bow down to them or serve them; for I the LORD your God am a jealous God, visiting the iniquity of the fathers upon the children to the third and the fourth generation of those who hate me, but showing steadfast love to thousands of those who love me and keep my commandments. Moses and the “face” of God Maimonides’ 3rd principle: God is incorporeal – metaphorical language – Jewish scriptures and Talmud occasionally refer to God’s hands, eyes, mouth etc. but Jewish insists that such anthropomorphisms are...
Words: 1613 - Pages: 7
...Political System Political aspects of Islam are derived from the Qur'an, the Sunna, Muslim history, and elements of political movements outside Islam. Religion and politics are one and the same in Islam. They are intertwined. We already know that Islam is a complete system of life and politics is very much a part of our collective life. Just as Islam teaches us how to perform prayers, observe fasting, pay Zakah and undertake Hajj, so it teaches us how to run a state, from a government, elect councilors and members of parliament, make treaties and conduct business and commerce. The political system of Islam is based on three principles: Tawhid (unity of Allah), Risalat (Prophethood), and Khilafat (vicegerency). It is difficult to appreciate the different aspects of Islamic polity without fully understanding these three principles. Tawhid means that only Allah is the Creator, Sustainer and Master of the universe and of all that exist in it. The sovereignty of this kingdom is vested only in Him. He alone has has the right to command or forbid. Worship and obedience are due to Him alone, no one and nothing else shares it in any way. Life in all its forms, our physical organs and faculties, the apparent control we have over nearly everything in our lives and the things themselves, none of them has been created or acquired by us in our own right. The medium through which we received the law of Allah is known as Risalat. We have received two things from this source: the Book in...
Words: 584 - Pages: 3
...founded on rationality and reason, but later merged with the Shi’ites. They became more prominent in the cities of Baghdad and Basra during the 8th and 9th century. They had left the teachings of Hasan al Basri, took over from the Quadaris and refined their beliefs. (Haddad, “The Qadariyya, Muâtazila, and Shi'a”) Mu’tazilis believed in moral laxity, human responsibility and the justice of God. They had emphasized on the idea of aql, or reasoning. They strongly believed that aql was the main establishment for the Islamic Aqidah, or belief. Moreover, reason was advocated as being the absolute arbiter in deciding what is right. The Mu’tazili tenets founded five main principles: Tawhid, Adl, the intermediate position, God necessarily punishes and rewards, and lastly to enjoin the good and forbid the evil. Tawhid is the belief that...
Words: 700 - Pages: 3
...Introduction Islam is a monotheistic religious custom that grew in the Middle East in the seventh century C.E. Islam, which truly signifies "surrender" or "accommodation," was established on the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad as a statement of surrender to the will of Allah, the maker and sustainer of the world. The ascent of Islam is characteristically connected with the Prophet Muhammad, accepted by Muslims to be “the last” end in a long line of prophets that incorporates Moses and Jesus. Since Muhammad was the picked beneficiary and delivery person of the expression of God through the heavenly disclosures, Muslims from all kinds of different backgrounds endeavor to take after his sample. After the heavenly Qur'an, the adages of the Prophet (hadith) and portrayals of his lifestyle (Sunna) are the most imperative Muslim writings (MET museum, 2015). Sufi Sufism is a Muslim development whose supporters try to discover awesome truth and love through direct experiences with God. Sufism has been an unmistakable development inside Islam all through the vast majority of its history. It developed out of an early plain development inside Islam, which, similar to its Christian devout partner, tried to check the experience that accompanied the fast extension of the Muslim group. Sufism emerged from inside Islam in the eighth ninth hundreds of years C.E. as a self-denying development. The development may have been given (or tackled) the name Sufism in light of the course fleece pieces...
Words: 1028 - Pages: 5
...Allama Iqbal on Islam-Democracy Discourse: An Analysis of his Views on Compatibility and Incompatibility Tauseef Ahmed Parray Allama Muhammad Iqbal (1877-1938) was a poet and philosopher, a fine prose-writer, a great linguist and man of letters, a well-known lawyer, a leading politician, a front-rank statesman, an esteemed educationist, a great art critic, Muslim reformer, a dominant and one of the most distinguished thinkers of the 20th century. His writings – consisting of poetry in three languages: Punjabi, Urdu and Persian and prose in English and Urdu - have inspired thousands and his thought has moved millions. Iqbal was at the same time a philosopher in the line of al-Farabi, Ibn Sina and al-Ghazzali and a poet in the rank of Saa`di and Hafiz. For most of his life his profession was law and his passion, writing prose and especially poetry, considering it as a vehicle for the propagation of his thought. Iqbal studied both Islamic sciences and the Western philosophy. His writings were indebted to two principal sources: his Islamic heritage and the western philosophy he studied at Cambridge, Munich, and Heidelberg. The poetry of Iqbal is mainly philosophical and the questions relating to religion, race and civilization, government, progress of women, literature and arts, and world politics were of equal interest to him. In this paper, an exploration of Iqbal`s views about democracy is made, revealing that he accepted only those principles of democracy which...
Words: 3279 - Pages: 14
...Sharmaine T. Ballesteros AC21KA1 August Comte (Auguste Comte) Three stages in understanding society: 1. Theological stage The Theological stage refers to explanation by personified deities. During the earlier stages, man believed that all three phenomena of nature are the creation of the divine or supernatural. Man and children failed to discover the natural causes of various phenomena and hence attributed them to supernatural or divine power. Comte broke this stage into 3 sub-stages: 1A. Fetishism- Fetishism was the primary stage of the theological stage of thinking. Throughout this stage, the primitive people had a belief that inanimate object had living spirit in it, also known as animism. People worshipped inanimate objects like tress, stones, a piece of wood, etc. Fetishism is present in all religions, but the use of the concept in the study of religion derives from studies of traditional West African religious beliefs, as well as from Voodoo, which in turn derives from those beliefs. 1B. Polytheism - The explanation of things through the use of many Gods. Primitive people believe that each natural force were controlled by different Gods; a few examples would be God of water, God of rain and God of fire, God of air, etc. Polytheists do not always worship all the gods equally, but can beHenotheists, specializing in the worship of one particular deity. Other polytheists can beKathenotheists, worshipping different deities at different times. 1C. Monotheism -...
Words: 321 - Pages: 2
...DATED: 21-4-2016 SM 60.03 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY IN ISLAM SUBMITTED TO Prof. Willi Zimmermann SUBMITTED BY ASRLAN ASHRAF ST117493 WATAN YAR KHAN ST117487 ZAHBIULAH AHMADI ST118273 FUMIHIKO OJIRO ST117562 WEISI ZHAO ST118234 SCHOOL OF MANAGEMENT ASIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY CONTENTS Chapter 1: Introduction and Background 01 Chapter 2: The UN Global Compact And Islamic Perspective 03 The UN Global Compact 03 Islam and Human Right 03 1. Islam and Equality 03 2. Islam, Life and Security 04 3. Islam and Personnel Freedom 04 4. Islam Economic Social and Cultural Freedoms 05 Islam and Labor 05 Islam-Legal and Philanthropic Activities 07 Chapter 3: Islam beyond CSR 09 The Case of Moral and Ethical Economy and Individual Accountability 09 Conclusion 11 References CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUND Islam is derived from the Arabic root "Salema" which mean peace, purity, submission and obedience. In the religious sense, Islam means submission to the will of God and obedience to His law. Everything and every phenomenon in the world other than man is administered totally by God-made laws, i.e. they are obedient to God and submissive to his laws, they are in the State of Islam. Man possesses the qualities of intelligence and choice, thus he is invited...
Words: 6241 - Pages: 25
...does not live for bread alone. This means that earning and spending money is essential for our living, but we do not live only for this. We have a greater purpose in life. We are Allah’s agents (Khalifah) on earth. We not only have a body but we also have a soul and a conscience. Without our soul and conscience, we would be considered little more than animals. Everything in Islam is for the benefit and welfare of mankind. The economic principle of Islam aim at establishing a just society wherein everyone will behave responsibly and honestly, and not as ‘cunning foxes’ fighting for as big a share of something as possible without regard for honesty, truth, decency, trust and responsibility. The principles of Islamic first is Rububiyyah. Tawhid Ar-Rububiyyah can be roughly translated as “Unity/Oneness of Lordship”. It pertains to Allah , and His lordship. We combine these to get the Islamic definition of rabb: Allah is the one who creates, sustains, and owns the entire creation. He alone is the Master, the Controller, the Nourisher, the one who creates from nothing. He has the right to each and every atom of creation. Next of principles of Islamic is Khilafah. Islam considers man as the best of God’s creations and exalted them to the status of His vicegerent on the earth. In Islam, Allah is the genuine ownership of all resources in this universe. Nevertheless, He created everything for the use of the mankind relying on trusteeship. Man as...
Words: 487 - Pages: 2
