...Harvard Journal On Legislation, 53 (1), 39-58. Summary of article: In recent years, a few states have legalized medical marijuana for recreational use. The article identifies how the government is placing their taxes on the newly legalized drug. A sample of what I will be using from this article would be, “Federal income taxation of medical marijuana is the same as for cocaine or heroin; the only permitted adjustment to gross revenues in calculating federal taxable income is cost of goods sold.” (Titus pg. 2). There is a lot of information that I am looking for to help me with my paper. Assessment of article: I found this source on the school library. The author name is R. D. Titus and she is a writer at Harvard Journal. This articles publication was in 2016. The author and the article gave a lot of information about taxing the sale of medical marijuana in sates that already passed the law about recreational use and dispensaries selling the product. I found this article in the school library is it is 100% a scholarly article. I will be using as much information I can find that relates to my topic about the cost and taxing on medical marijuana sales. Reflection on article: Based on this article, I can claim that the money coming from taxing medical marijuana helps deduct money to the national debt. The taxing on medical marijuana is high, but that did not stop the customers in the states that allow it to not make the business earn a high profit. Only a few states allow medical...
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...to the one percent of the people with the highest income. This issue has been debated for decades and has kept the attention of many economists. Since this disparity leads to inequality, the role the Government has been subject of analysis in order to stablish the level of involvement and the mechanism to solve the problem via taxation. The paper starts pointing out an example of disruption of a utopic economy where a new entrepreneurial idea has come up. In this case, everyone wants the new product, but there is only one provider; therefore, the demand exceeds the supply and the entrepreneur ended up being richer that the others. This unequal redistribution of well-being started as a voluntary exchange, so there are two questions the author brings up, related to contribution of the entrepreneurial to the alteration of the public policy and whether or not this policy should remain unchanged. This is a reflection of what has been happening in the United States where the income has grown, but not in a uniform way across the income distribution, which leads to the question for policymakers to make taxation more progressive. The second issue in the paper is related to inefficiency as a result of inequality. Taking as example the Pareto criterion, no-one could possibly object, since there is a way of make people better off without making others worse off. However, the author also refers to Kaldor - Hicks criterion which states that inequality is inefficient in the sense of shrinking...
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...include a step-by-step description of review, design, development and implementation. Include: a. a survey of legal environment b. the development of policies and procedures (refer specifically to those three developed in steps 4–5 of this procedure. c. communication/consultation. 4. Write a policy and procedures document to ensure security of employee payroll information. Include reference to relevant legislation. 5. Write a policy and procedures document to ensure substantiation of claims for allowances. Include reference to relevant legislation. 6. Write a policy and procedures document to safeguard organisational resources. Include reference to relevant legislation or standards. 7. Write a one page reflection on the process of designing the...
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...externalities on market outcomes. 2.2 Differentiate among horizontal, vertical, and conglomerate mergers. 2.3 Analyze the effect of government interventions, taxation, and regulations on economic behavior. | | | Reading | Read Ch. 8 of Economics. | | | Reading | Read Ch. 18 of Economics. | | | Reading | Read Ch. 21 of Economics. | | | Reading | Read Ch. 21W of Economics. | | | Participation | Participate in class discussion. | See Policies | 2 | Discussion Questions | Respond to weekly discussion questions. | See Policies | 1 | Individual Differentiating Between Market Structures | For this assignment, you will choose from the following options:Option 1: Differentiating Between Market Structures in KudlerOption 2: Differentiating Between Market Structures in an Organization of Your Choice * Read the instructions in the University of Phoenix Material: Differentiating Between Market Structures located on the student website and select one option to complete the assignment. | 4/23/12 | 20 | Learning Team Reflection Public Policy in Economics | Discuss this week’s objectives with your team. Include the topics you feel comfortable with, any topics you struggled with, and how the topics relate to your field.Prepare a 350- to 1,050- word paper detailing the findings of your discussion. | 4/23/12 | 2 | ------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------------------------- ...
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...Chapter 2- The Balance Sheet Reflection Paper The basic principles that being applied on a balance sheet could be applied in my place of work for the following: The Company where I currently work, my line of work, and my financial condition. Company where I currently work at – knowing the company’s total asset and total liability will help you better understand how the entity has the ability to meet its current obligation (Current Ratio). Another concept that could be applied on this would be the Going-Concern Concept and Cost Concept. Going-Concern in the sense that the company will continue to operate because of its ability to meet its current operation while Cost Concept for its ability to acquire other Assets (other entities, non-monetary assets). My line of work – one of the areas of my expertise as a test analyst is testing taxation application which involves financial transaction such as payment, billing, adjustments, waivers, penalties, interest, rates, refunds, etc. This financial transaction involves Double Entry because of the two effects of an accounting entry known as Debit (Dr) and Credit (Cr). For example, when a taxpayer files an income tax return and pays the incurred income tax, this transaction has two effects from the perspective of a Taxpayer and from the Tax Agency. The taxpayer cash balance would decrease because of the income tax that he/she would pay (Credit because of the decrease in asset) while for the tax agency the tax collection would increase...
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...The average rate at which an individual or corporation is taxed. The effective tax rate for individuals is the average rate at which their earned income is taxed. The effective tax rate for a corporation is the average rate at which its pre-tax profits are taxed. An individual's effective tax rate is calculated by dividing total tax expense by taxable income. For corporations, the effective tax rate is computed by dividing total tax expenses by the firm's earnings before taxes. The effective tax rate is the net rate a taxpayer pays if all forms of taxes are included and divided by taxable income. The effective tax rate is often a more accurate representation of a taxpayer's tax liability than its marginal tax rate. Two companies that are in the same marginal tax bracket, for example, may end up with different effective tax rates depending on their earnings. This occurs particularly with a progressive, or tiered, tax system, where different levels of income are taxed at different rates. For example, the first $100,000 of income may be taxed at 10%, and income between $100,001 and $500,000 might be taxed at a rate of 15%. The corporation's income is taxed at the various levels, and to determine the effective (or average) tax rate, the total tax is divided by the total taxable income The term effective tax rate has different meanings in different contexts. Generally its calculation attempts to adjust a nominal tax rate to make it more meaningful. It may incorporate econometric,...
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...Public Finance Methods in Nigeria The Federal Republic of Nigeria is comprised of 36 states located in West Africa geographically bound by the Republic of Niger to the north, the Gulf of Guinea (on the Atlantic Ocean) to the south, the Republic of Cameroon and Chad on the east and Republic of Benin on the west. Since gaining full independence from the British in 1960, Nigeria has gone from a Parliamentary system of government (modeled after the British Parliament), the Biafran Civil War, and numerous dictatorships to the current Democratic system of government. Widely described as the most populous country in Africa (accounting for over half of West Africa’s population alone[i]), the US State Department estimated in 2010 a population of approximately 152 million people of 250 Ethnic groups with the largest ethnic groups comprising of Hausa-Fulani (north), Igbo (south-east), Yoruba (south-west) and Kanuri (north). The religions practiced in Nigeria are Islam, Christianity and indigenous African traditional worship. The Hausa’s are from the northern part of the country and are predominantly Muslims, the Yoruba are from the south west and are predominately an even mix of Christians and Muslims, the Igbos are from the southeast and are predominately Christians. The official language of Nigeria is English in addition to other local dialects. Nigeria’s commercial capital (and former political capital), Lagos, is located in the southwestern part of the country while the political...
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...Devry BUSN 369 Entire Course And All Discussions- 2015 spring Project Not Include Final Course Project Report IF You Want To Purchase A+ Work then Click The Link Below For Instant Down Load http://www.hwspeed.com/Devry-BUSN-369-Entire-Course-And-All-Discussions-2015-spring-1111119025.htm?categoryId=-1 IF You Face Any Problem Then E Mail Us At JOHNMATE1122@GMAIL.COM Question week 1 Globalization While many domestic institutions play an important role in the globalization process, describe three fundamental policy measures that those countries need to promote in order to benefit from globalization. How would these policies be implemented? How might these policies be promoted? Regional Economic Integration Although European Union is the most advanced form of regional integration, it is currently facing a challenging time. What are some of the major challenges facing the EU? Course Project Discussion This discussion is focused on selection of a business in a foreign country for your Course Project. In your post, describe the following. 1. What the business does? 2. Why are you interested in researching this business? 3. Stock ticker symbol and stock exchange. 4. What you hope to learn from your research? 5. If you are interested in working in a team of five with four other students. week 2 International Business How would you make a convincing case that open trade in goods and services, as well as free flow of foreign direct investment...
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...Devry BUSN 369 Entire Course And All Discussions- 2015 spring Project Not Include Final Course Project Report IF You Want To Purchase A+ Work then Click The Link Below For Instant Down Load http://www.hwspeed.com/Devry-BUSN-369-Entire-Course-And-All-Discussions-2015-spring-1111119025.htm?categoryId=-1 IF You Face Any Problem Then E Mail Us At JOHNMATE1122@GMAIL.COM Question week 1 Globalization While many domestic institutions play an important role in the globalization process, describe three fundamental policy measures that those countries need to promote in order to benefit from globalization. How would these policies be implemented? How might these policies be promoted? Regional Economic Integration Although European Union is the most advanced form of regional integration, it is currently facing a challenging time. What are some of the major challenges facing the EU? Course Project Discussion This discussion is focused on selection of a business in a foreign country for your Course Project. In your post, describe the following. 1. What the business does? 2. Why are you interested in researching this business? 3. Stock ticker symbol and stock exchange. 4. What you hope to learn from your research? 5. If you are interested in working in a team of five with four other students. week 2 International Business How would you make a convincing case that open trade in goods and services, as well as free flow of foreign direct investment...
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...KEY TERMS: Conciliatory Proposition- Plan whereby Parliament would “forbear” taxation of the Americans who were in the colonies whose gatherings forced taxes considered to be acceptable by the British government. Committee of Safety- Any of the banned groups that directed the rebellious movement and carried on the functions of government at the local level in the period between the breakdown of royal authority and the establishment of regular governments. Minute Men- Different groups of militia formed in Massachusetts and else and other places beginning in late 1774. Second Continental Congress- Met again in Philadelphia on May 10, 1775, the Second Continental Congress called for the patchwork of local forces to be organized into the Continental Army, authorized the formation of a navy, established a post...
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...ESSAY Role of poverty benchmark as a component of equity and redistribution policy TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction 3 2. Absolute Poverty 3 3. Relative Poverty 4 4. Re-distribution of Income – Role of Poverty Benchmark in it 5 5.1 Education Policies 5 5.2 Taxation and Transfers 6 5.3 Minimum Wages 7 5. Drawbacks in using Poverty Benchmark for Redistribution Policies 7 6. Should Governments Focus on inequality? Or Poverty? My Reflections 8 7. Conclusions 9 8. Bibliography 9 Role of Poverty Benchmark as a component of Equity and Re-distribution Policy 1. Introduction How do you define poverty? It is a complex phenomenon influenced many factors. So there are many different ways to describe it. In general terms, idea of poverty is that if you can’t afford basic needs, you are poor. Yet, identifying such basic needs is bit complicated. Normally those are identified as items related to food, clothing and shelter. However, Amartya Sen (1983) states that basic needs are best understood capabilities such as to be free from decease, to travel; transportation, to be educated; schooling. Marshall Sahlins (1974) argues that poverty is a social status. When benchmarking poverty, there are two main classifications. Those are Absolute Poverty and Relative Poverty. Both of these types are based on income of the people rather than other social factors. ...
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...macro-environment. The external factors usually are not in the firm’s control and at times are presented as threats. But the changes in the external environment also form new opportunities. Numerous of the macro-environmental factors are country specific to the areas and a PEST analysis will be carried out for all countries of attention. Some of the factors that might be considered in a PEST analysis include: - • Political Factors. The factors, which assist the organization to develop a strategic corporate strategy, include, Political constancy in the country, threat of military incursion, legal structure for agreement implementation, detailed business rules & tariffs and preferential trade associates. Anti reliance regulations, Pricing system taxation, wage structures, working hour’s instructions, obligatory employee benefits and Industrial safety regulations are also considered when analysis of the organization is made. • Economic Factors The analysis of the economic features of the country where the operations are being made is very essential. The economics factors required to be analyzed include, form of economic system in countries of operation, government interference in the market, proportional advantages of host country, exchange rates & stability of currency. The competence of financial markets, infrastructure quality, proficiency level of employees and labor costs are also to be considered while analyzing the economics. The economic growth rate, optional income, unemployment...
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...The bond market is a less known in the financial world than the share market, but it doesn’t mean that it is not as important as the share one in terms of volumes. The main reason may be that the Governments are a big part of this market. Because unlike a share, a bond is a debt contract not a proportion of capital. Usually, the international bond market is divided in three entities: the domestic bonds, the foreign bonds and the Eurobonds. The Eurobonds segment of the international market is, according to David. L. Scott and almost all dictionaries “a type of foreign bond issued and traded in countries other than the one in which the bond is denominated.” This paper is going to focused on this particular bond issued by a particular issuer: The Eurobonds issued by Government. Why do governments issue such an instrument and why investors are more willing to buy it? It would remind, first the history of Eurobonds and why do the Governments are issuing those bonds , and then try to understand why do investors are interested in this type of bond, to reach the idea that there may have some boundaries to it. I The best way to introduce the subject might be by retracing it History in a Governmental point of view: After a slow start, the Eurobond market has grown to become a major force in the international securities markets, in part due to their tax-free status and ease of trading. Eurobonds is a market for big issuers; large institutional clients, big life insurance, and Governments ...
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...tax plan, found that the present systems of federal taxation retards economic growth thus reducing the living standards of the United States citizens, impedes the International Competitiveness of Industry in the United States, lowers productivity, as well as a host of other negative findings attributed to our current Federal taxation scheme. Those that supported the introduction of this legislation have the belief that a consumption tax, which is the hallmark of the Fair Tax plan, would have a positive effect on savings and investment thus easing tax compliance resulting in an increase in economic growth and international competitiveness of American industries. Glen R. Hubbard wrote: “A shift from the current tax system to a broad-based consumption tax is best thought of as a two-step process”. His findings first conclude that most elements of consumption tax reform are consistent with moving to a pure income tax with uniform capital taxation. Once there, to get to a consumption tax the key element of reform would be the replacement of depreciation allowances for physical investment with expensing of capital assets. Both of these points indicate that fundamental income tax reform and consumption tax reform are not significantly different directions in tax reform. Iana Vladimirova wrote: “As the income gap between the rich and poor widens, Americans have begun to demand reform. The Occupy Wall Street movement is a reflection of the public’s frustration. The lowering of the effective...
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...changing needs of customers and their contribution to the wellbeing of society. Globalisation An understanding of globalisation gives a business a direction for growth, and enables the business to identify the areas for growth and expansion of their activities. For example Google is an effective innovator that develops and distributes high quality, distinctive ideas that are transformed into products that are sold globally. They have utilised globalisation so as to mass produce innovative products at low cost. This has been essential to Google’s position as a market leader. The knowledge to harness globalisation through outsourcing and creating a global network of suppliers can lead to decreased production and labour/regulatory/taxation costs and allows the business to expand and increase efficiency of distribution in a global market. It can also lead to increased awareness of the good/service delivered. Global sourcing suggests a business locating sites from which either cheaper or better quality...
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