...mathematics, science, and the natural world. This took place in Europe mainly northern Italy which influenced the Scientific Revolution. Scientist developed new technology and theories, based on observation, and the natural world. Although scientists faced hardship in terms of government opposition, religious disagreement, and gender stereotype, Scientist created great advances in the 16th and 17th centuries. The government opposition, mainly monarchies in...
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...the Han and roman on technology how were they similar? how did they differ? There are many different ways to approach this theme. the government officials of china and Rome have their own views on this idea as the philosophers. These "powerhouses" also have another very important similarity they both were constructed at around the same time but had very little if any at all contact with each other. The way both places think is also a contributing factor on their view toward technology. Han china has philosophers and upperclassmen who don't necessarily advise the emperor but where pro-technology. The Romans also had philosophers and upperclassmen who played a part in describing the technology of this time and were not in the government. But both Rome and Han also had both upperclassmen or philosophers who were in the government that were either pro- or anti-technology. The Han’s view of technology was predominantly self-glorifying; with good reason as the Chinese invented everything from paper to acupuncture. The Han seemed to feel that technology was about helping the people. As demonstrated in the letter in document 1, the first goal of technology is to ward off disaster, in this case a flood. This demonstrates a concern for the people giving the impression that technology is there to aid the Chinese. This impression is increased by the obvious concern shown by Huan Guan in the second document, where he writes about the problems the lack of technology, such as iron plows...
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...Technology is a part of our every day lives, everywhere we go we see and use new and pre existing technology. Everyday there is new technology to use and master. However the question we must ask is ‘what is technology?’ Many different philosophers have theorized this question and these philosophers fall under four main categories of thought: technological determinism, instrumentalism, substantivism, and critical theory. The instrumentalist view of technology views technology as merely a tool used and controlled by humans, technology itself has no ends. Technology is completely under human control; humans shape history, not by technology. People decide when to use technology and what to use it for. A large supporter of instrumentalism is Melvin Kranzberg. In his article titled “Technology and History: ‘Kranzberg’s Laws’” Kranzberg identifies and explains his six laws about the nature of technology. The laws are as follows: ‘Technology is neither good nor bad; nor is it neutral’, ‘Invention is the mother of necessity’, ‘Technology comes in packages, big and small’, ‘Nontechnical factors take precedence in technology-policy decisions’, ‘All history is relevant, but the history of technology is the most relevant’, and ‘Technology is a very human activity – and so is the history of technology’. The most important laws are Laws Two, Five and Six, which will be explained further shortly. Kranzberg’s Second law states that ‘Invention is the mother of necessity’. By this, Kranzberg...
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...innovations in technology were important for every empire. Many empires constructed different technological devices which bettered their society in a positive way. Both the Roman empire and the Han empire however, placed themselves ahead of other empires as being the most technologically advanced empires in the Classical Era. On the topic of technology, the attitudes of the Hans contrasted greatly to the attitudes of Romans. While the Hans encouraged government-funded technological advancements because of the positive aspects they provided to all social classes, the Romans established a divide in thinking, with one group who deemed advancements in labor aspects of technology to be unnecessary, and the...
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...The Galveston Hurricane, devastating thousands. 10,000 people were left homeless after this huge disaster.One third of Galveston was literally swept off the map. The fight for women’s suffrage took place. Women were fighting for their right t o own property and the right to vote. Theodore Roosevelt was president after McKinley was shot, becoming the youngest president at age 43. Babe Ruth was another famous person. He was a rookie and baseball at the time. JP Morgan created US steel. This was the worlds first billion dollar corporation. The vacuum cleaner was a huge advancement in technology. This new invention made it easier for many to clean their homes. Radar was also a huge scientific and technological advancement....
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...Cognitive Psychology The field of psychology is made up of different branches and each branch gives a range of different ideas and theories toward the compound field of psychology. Cognitive psychology is one branch that focuses on how cognition directly affects human behavior. Primarily cognitive psychology tries to uncover the underlying mental processes that play a role on particular human behaviors. Cognitive psychology was created in distinction of behavioral psychology. Major human functions can be observed through theories from the cognitive branch of psychology. These things can range from language, problem solving skills, memory functioning, and perception. Cognitive psychologists have developed many theories over the years that have made major contributions to the general field of psychology. The Foundation of Cognitive Psychology Prior to cognitive psychology becoming a significant branch of the psychology field, behavioral psychology was the main branch within psychology. Cognitive psychology came about when psychologists began to have questions about the behavioral method to psychology. Several psychologists felt that the behavioral approach to psychology had many gaps when it came to basic human functions such as memory, language, and learning. Psychologists attempted to fill these gaps by comparing the human mind to a computer (Willingham, 2007). Psychologists and scientists who studied artificial intelligence considered that the human mind functioned similar...
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...Eastern and Western Philosophers Comparison Paper Gillian DiCara PHI/105 Friday, 2 October 2010 Phil McGowan Eastern and Western Philosophers Comparison I chose to compare Kant and Buddha, with a leaning more to the Indian Buddha, rather than the Chinese form of Buddha. The comparison of these two philosophers may seem a little strange but I found that they share a similarity of thought. Kant’s moral law, which can be simplified to (Palomo-Lamarca, Palmquist 2001), “The moral law is a law I make for myself and apply to myself”. Strangely enough this is also the first step in Buddha’s teaching of morality; “The first being I hurt with my unhealthy behavior is not the other(s) to whom my action is directed, but my own self.” (Palomo-Lamarca, Palmquist 2001). I think it was this particular comparison that led me to choosing Kant and Buddha as comparison philosophers. Kant and Buddha have similar thoughts, one in particular is “Ding an sich”, the thing itself. Kant tells us that form is created by our body (mind), as did Buddha. When we see a form we see areas of black separated from white. Buddha tells us that they are one and the same, connected and that the form is created by us. Buddha tells us that our bodies may die, but the actions we committed whilst inhabiting those bodies continue on after the death. If freewill was a more tangible element, then the cause of the action could be stopped by the freedom of our will, curiously though Buddha also said that...
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...Philosophy Wroclaw, 2009-12-18 Institute of Electronics Wroclaw University of Technology What is Philosophy for Fernando Wieliczko Wednesday 17:05 First year Philosophy should not be seen as a subject or a specified study like medicine, biology or physics. Philosophy is present in our lives and in our decisions. It changes the way we look through physical objects or even human thoughts. Philosophy is present in the past, which is the history, in the present and in the future. We can clearly see how present it is to every human thought. When we discuss about ethics, we discuss about Philosophy; when we discuss about politics, we also discuss about Philosophy. Philosophy is behind the decisions we make, it is behind the laws of a State for example; because one day, someone, or a group of people, faced a bad situation, or saw the possibility that this same situation would happen in the future, and decided to make a law, so that people would live better in the society. When they made the law, they had to think and understand that a law would prevent that bad situation to happen again, or even for the first time, which makes of them thinkers. If they think, they exist, that makes of them and all of us philosophers: “I think, therefore I am” – by René Descartes. Some people work so hard to make so much money but they forget that the money stands for their own comfort. So if they work too hard, they end up having not much time to relax...
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...has grown from simple ideals of philosophers into its own kind of science. There are not a lot of people who know very much about when psychology and philosophy first came together, which was during this century, “a period that to a large extent defined the philosophical-methodological distinctiveness of our psychological science in comparison to world psychology” (Abul'khanova & Slavskaia, 2007,p. 1). This paper will look at the early philosophers and the beginning of psychology. I will also research psychology and its development into a real science. One of the early philosophers was Plato, “Plato is one of the founding fathers of philosophy and has had a massive impact on the history of western thought” (In Great Thinkers A-Z, 2004, p. 1). Another early philosopher was Descartes, he believed that by using your own abilities to reason then the truth will come out (Goodwin, 2008). “Descartes identified the ‘thinking thing’ or mind, with the human soul or consciousness; the body, though somehow interacting with the soul, was a physical machine, secondary to, and in principle separable from, the soul” (The Hutchinson Unabridged Encyclopedia with Atlas and Weather Guide, 2009, p. 1). For centuries philosophers and psychologist have tried to figure out what the connection between the mind and body is and they have also tried to find out if the mind and body can function on their own their own. One of the western philosophers was John Locke. Lock was important...
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...Summary This TEDTalks convention took place in the year of 1998, a year in which technology was on the up rise. So as the reader or the audience you must sort of “time-travel” and imagine yourself in that time period. Billy Graham states that this is not the only technological revolution that America, let alone the world has featured. Billy Graham gives a biblical example of such a technological revolution with the reference to King David of Israel. King David had virtues of strong leadership, he was a good poet, a great philosopher, a great writer, thing in terms made Israel one of the strongest nations in the East. Now to the comparison between the technologies of today (1998) and then, Billy compares the microchip of today the discovery of iron. Billy then explains how there are 3 problems that neither human nor technology can solve. 1. Human Evil, such as racism, violence, injustice. Many philosophers including Jesus Christ says that evil lies in the heart. Problems that separate us between God. 2. Suffering, the truth that every person in this world has some sort of problem or worry in their life. 3. Death, everyone will one day die. The only problem is how can one live their life and not regret what one did or didn’t do when lying on his or her death bed. The question for all these un-solvable problems is, can technology solve all of these troubles? Analysis I think this argument doesn’t need an approval or disapproval; it stands strong without an opinion...
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...History of Psychology Katrena Taylor PSY/310 October 11, 2011 History of Psychology Psychology at one time was just a branch of philosophy, it was 1000’s of years before it was known to be a formal discipline. It evolved from “ideas” of early philosophers into a science of its own. Centuries ago Western Philosophers began the formation of psychology as a branch of philosophy, but explored the subject in a more rationale scientific way throughout the years. Just as it took centuries for the science of psychology to implore, it was and still is, developing into the 19th century. Beginnings of Psychology Wilhelm Maximilian Wundt was a German physiologist, physician, philosopher, professor, and psychologist. He is well known as the “father of experimental psychology (Bringmann, 1975). At the University of Leipzig he founded the very first formal laboratory for psychological research in 1879. In the laboratory the exploration basically of the subconscious and conscience mind began. He studied the nature of religious beliefs and how they”conditioned” human behavior. Wundt also researched the damaged parts of the brain; he started identifying mental disorders and abnormal behaviors (Bringmann, 1975). With this research Wundt was able to separate psychology as a science from philosophy. In 1881, Wundt created the first journal for psychological research. Wundt also wrote, Principles of Physiological in 1874, which was very...
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...is that the digital industry creates a knowledge-based society surrounded by a high-tech global economy that spans over its efficient and convenient way. Globalization: Globalization refers to the increasing global relationships of culture, people, and economic activity. It is generally used to refer to economic globalization, the global distribution of the production of goods and services, through reduction of barriers to international trade such as tariffs, export fees, and import quotas and the reduction of restrictions on the movement of capital and on investments. Sousveillance: Sousveillance refers to the recording of an activity by a participant in the activity typically by a ways of small wearable or portable personal technologies. Sousveillance has also been describes as “inverse surveillance. While surveillance and sousveillance. Conspicuous Consumption: Conspicuous consumption is the spending of money for and the acquiring of luxury goods and services to publicity display economic power, either the buyer’s income or the buyers accumulated wealth. Sociologically, to the conspicuous consumer, such a public display of discretionary economic power is a means either of attaining or of maintaining a given social status. Power Elite: A power elite, in political and sociological theory, is a small group of people who control a disproportionate amount of wealth, privilege, and access to decision...
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...progressed from an era in which religion used to be the ultimate answer to all of mankind’s questions. The skies would rumble when God was mad and crops would go bad due to curses by a higher power. The fight for knowledge through science has helped us as a species progress through this uphill battle to debunk the primitive explanations as to why the world exists in the way it does. From the invention of the wheel to the proof of evolution, we have come a long way over the centuries to get to where we are today. This book breaks it down, section by section, and begins to explain where we come from and how we got to where we are today. In “Chapter 1 – The Ancient Philosophers Set the Stage” we learn that natural science was born from philosophy. We find that the idea of “natural law” was built by a succession of Greek philosophers that garnered...
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...The first lecture was about Science and Technology and he started off by saying that science came from society for the needs of the people meaning that everything Science and Technology invented or discovered is for the needs of society. Science and Technology both have their similarities and differences. One similarity of Science and Technology is that they were both created for knowledge while one difference would be in their usage. Science is for the understanding of the natural world and technology is the action of saving the natural world. Society however is the main predecessor of both science and technology because it is society that controls and guides the forms of science and technology. To conclude, Science and Technology are not necessarily related in the sense that they can be independent from one another and develop separately. Society is the determining factor for their possible connections and science and technology have become so intertwined that they have become related. The next lecture was on The Biography of Science and the video “The Story of Science – What is Out There?” was used as reference. This was basically about how early scientists or philosophers used their technology or invented technology to expand science and help society. The documentary mainly focused on philosophers being curious about what is outside the earth and its atmosphere and building telescopes to expand the vision of the naked eye. They studied the planets and how the planets revolved...
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...realm of consciousness and reflections. The writer targets the entire society but mostly scholars, educator and students through his entire work. The abstract work clearly introduces the disadvantages of technological devices/advancement and how it has affected our thinking and reflections. Levy expects scholars, students and educators to take time and reflect on their use of technology and their effects. The world has arrived...to me it depicts the arrival of a new age, stage or cycle of life that incorporates and implements new technology and devices that would minimize the levels of thinking and work. The introduction of this article demonstrates how levy took a lot of time to think when doing research for this writing. This is clearly depicted by him mentioning great scholars and innovators such as Barbara Mcclintock as people who did not rely on the technological devices/advancements to accomplish their great research/work but took time to think, reflect and tap their vast realm of consciousness. The introduction briefly lays out his plan and purpose of writing this essay as it points out how technology has affected our general academia standards and how our society value creative thinking rather than intuitive and contemplative thinking. After reading the introduction I think that David levy is right to some point and I should take some time to think intuitively and tap my realm...
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