...War on Terrorism Case Study Analysis GM530 Managerial Decision Making Week6 Assignment Keller Graduate School of Management Ravi Murugan February 14 2011 Prof. Marc Friedman Discuss the different decision personalities/styles advising Bush. Bush’s war cabinet consisted of a select group of senior administration officials. They were George Bush, Richard Cheney, Andrew Card, Colin Powell, Condoleezza Rice, George Tenet, Robert Mueller, Donald Rumsfeld, John Ashcroft, Henry Shelton, Paul O’Neill, Paul Wolfowitz and Richard Armitage who held secret meetings for weeks and had experience in foreign affairs. Five of these people planned and executed the Persian Gulf War with bush’s father and so had his trust (Cheney, Rice, Powell, Wolfowitz and Armitage). For our personalities discussion I am selecting just the key persons who were advising or feeding input on different matters. i) George W. Bush: He prefers to lead by setting a broad direction and delegating responsibilities to trusted subordinates and leans heavily on his advisors. He is careful in his selection and chooses loyal people who are given goals and left to work on it. His lack of foreign policy experience contributed to his heavy reliance on his counsel and advisors. He knew how to delegate authority and hold people accountable for their responsibilities and authority. He listened more and then made a decision, which he stands firm to. He is more of not the details oriented person but draw a clear outline...
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...Justifiable Terrorism in Total Wars Molly Thomson 201311503 Political Science 1000-03 March 18th, 2014 The word ‘terrorism’ instantly makes people shudder; the negative connotations and controversies surrounding terrorism in modern society are enough to spark a discussion of whether it is justifiable or not. In order to determine whether or not terrorism can be justified, a clear definition must be decided upon. Decades before the attacks on the World Trade Center in New York City on September 11, 2001, the definition of the word terrorism was hard to define. Political figures around the globe argued and disagreed on what they thought should have determined the act of terrorism. Now, there are multiple different definitions originating from distinct cultures and societies, suggesting that terrorism is in the eye of the victim. One definition of terrorism is “any violent or criminal act planned for a political or ideological purpose”; while another claims that terrorism is understood to be a direct attack on innocents. Since both of these definitions have important components to them, it can be assumed that both traits are essential to defining terrorism. For the purpose of this paper, the definition of terrorism will be understood as ‘a violent attack on innocents for the purpose of political change’. It can be hard for most people to understand the act of injuring and/or killing hundreds, or maybe even tens of thousands of people, as justifiable. However, if the innocents are...
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...Greek φιλοσοφία (philosophia), which literally means "love of wisdom". The introduction of the terms "philosopher" and "philosophy" has been ascribed to the Greek thinker Pythagoras. The Main Branches of Philosophy are divided as to the nature of the questions asked in each area. The integrity of these divisions cannot be rigidly maintained, for one area overlaps into the others. A. Axiology: the study of value; the investigation of its nature, criteria, and metaphysical status. More often than not, the term "value theory" is used instead of "axiology" in contemporary discussions even though the term “theory of value” is used with respect to the value or price of goods and services in economics. Axiology is usually divided into two main parts. Ethics: the study of values in human behavior or the study of moral problems: e.g., (1) the rightness and wrongness of actions, (2) the kinds of things which are good or desirable, and (3) whether actions are blameworthy or praiseworthy. Æsthetics: the study of value in the arts or the inquiry into feelings, judgments, or standards of beauty and related concepts. Philosophy of art is concerned with judgments of sense, taste, and emotion. B. Epistemology: the study of knowledge. In particular, epistemology is the study of the nature, scope, and limits of human knowledge. C. Ontology or Metaphysics: the study of what is...
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...Famous Thinkers Paper Peter Singer Peter Singer was born on July 6th 1946 in Australia. His family escaped Austria during the World War II from Nazis. Most of his relatives died in Nazi camps because they were Jews. Singer is considered to be one of the most influencing living thinkers however he was also called as the best-known vegetarian, and the most dangerous man in the World. He received death threats because of his beliefs and opinions. As he said in an interview for Policy Innovation, his main aim is to reduce unnecessary suffering in the World (Ethics Matter: A Conversation with Peter Singer, 2011). As Peter Singer stated himself “why I have focused on those issues, because I think, as a utilitarian philosopher rather than an expert in particular issues, I can make a contribution (Ethics Matter: A Conversation with Peter Singer, 2011). Peter Singer is known to be one of the most important supporters of Preference Utilitarianism, which in other words mean: “An action is right if it maximally furthers the interests of those affected by it” (Sloane, 1999, p. 53). Among his most controversial and best-known arguments are linked to the world poverty, animal rights, infanticide, abortion, and euthanasia. As a reason for becoming vegetarian and the notion of argument about animal rights was as Singer states an ordinary lunch with his friend who happened to be vegetarian and he presented to him the issue of factory farming ("Peter Singer '07: Animal Rights", 2011). His...
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...Police Ethics Name Professor Institution Course Date The impact of terrorism on the police mission in the United States? The roles of police in United States according to Schmalleger (2007) include; law enforcement, apprehending law offenders and investigating crimes, crime prevention, and domestic peace as well as providing the society with the required enforcement services, and ensuring that there exists tranquility. Over a long period, the police roles remained as stated until the effects of September 11, 2001 Islamic terrorist attack when the police assumed the responsibilities of antiterrorism and incidents related to terrorism activities. Currently, police are dedicating much of resources and time in training as preparation in case of future potential terrorist attack. Intelligence and information gathering have become very essential activities by police to ensure continued prevention of terrorism attack. In addition, police have prioritized their response to incidences of terrorism and were considering the responses as of more precedence compared to other roles or duties (Crank J. P., 2010). Disagreements in existence towards law enforcement to combat terrorism Since the September 11 terrorist attack, disagreements have emerged on how to deal with the threat of terrorism attack (Delattre, 2006). The first of all the disagreement was on how much intelligence federal...
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...of how to deal with the world. Rules and norms, in turn, are the main subject matter of ethics. This is why all areas of knowledge can be connected with ethics. History, Mathematics, Human sciences and others support kind of ethics, but to what extent do all of these help people to understand morality and make the right decisions? Knowing sometimes can be an advantage or disadvantage depending on the circumstances. In the case of ethics it could help or hinder people knowing what to do. On the other hand, we all search for the real life reasons which will lead us the right way. Knowledge issues are sometimes controversial in Ethics, because quite often there is a conflict between two or more branches of, for example between social morality and the religious morality. Each person accepts and follows different kind of moral rules, under different cirsumstances. The controversies in the society what is right and what is wrong are huge. We either support some rules or do not. People often argue about their beliefs, no matter if they are religious or not. Such example could be given in history. To clarify, history is the study of the human past. It is a field of research which uses a narrative to examine and analyse the sequence of historical events, and it sometimes attempts to investigate objectively the patterns of cause and effect that determine past events. On the other hand, ethics is the branch of philosophy that addresses morality, that is, what is right and wrong, good...
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... March 10, 2016 IT MAY NOT WORK IN POLITICS Member of Congress who has been charged with ethics violations. State ethics investigators have charged Lt. Gov. Ken Ard with 69 counts of spending campaign money for his personal use and 23 counts of failing to disclose campaign expenses. Ard, who took office in November, has been under scrutiny since taking office for thousands of dollars of purchases, including meals and hotel rooms – particularly those made post-election – listed on his campaign finance reports. In a news release, the State Ethics Commission said it found probable cause for the charges and likely will send out a hearing notice. As lieutenant governor, Ard fills a part-time position with little real power, presiding over the state Senate and overseeing the state’s Office on Aging. The lieutenant governor also becomes governor should the governor die or resign from office. ethics investigators have charged Lt. Gov. Ken Ard with 69 counts of spending campaign money for his personal use and 23 counts of failing to disclose campaign expenses. Former South Carolina Lt. Gov. Ken Ard received 5 years probation, a 5,000 fine, and 300 hours in community services after pleading guilty to seven counts of violating the State Ethics Act. Ard pleaded to four counts of unlawful reimbursement of campaign contributions, two counts of falsely filing campaign reports, and one...
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...similar in many ways. Firstcomma one wedelete personal pronouns… must understand where the religious beliefs come from. White (n.d.), “The religious texts and traditions are born within these groups unite and mold the communities that share them into a whole civilization and evolve into worlds of common thought and composition” (Extremism). All Abrahamic religions believe in a single god with a divine plan. Followers believe that life is predetermined by god and that god has a fixed plan for each individual. Supporters of these faiths all have a sacred area where praise, ritual and material expression is practiced, whether it be the Christian’s church, the Jew’s synagogue, or the Islamism’s mosque. These people all have a strong belief in ethics, community, central myths, and sacredness. They share many common ideas in where and how they practice their beliefs, but where their beliefs come from and what they believe in are very different. The practices of Christianity, Judaism and Islam are diverse in who they praise and the scriptures they follow. They all believe in an enlightened being that comes from within yet there are many differences. Christians believe that Jesus Christ...
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...Douglas Fung Mr. Braganca HRE-4M1 Saturday, March 9th, 2013 CPT Part A Annotated Bibliography Topic: #30. Ethical Response to Terrorism Essay Question / Thesis: According to the American Heritage Dictionary, terrorism is defined as the unlawful use of force or violence by a person or an organized group against people or property with the intention of intimidating or coercing societies or governments, often for ideological or political reasons. Has global terrorism escalated to an extent so that the ethical response to extremism is no longer a viable alternative; forcing global intervention and the active use of extreme measures in the name of peace keeping? Annotated Bibliography: Source #1: Cook, Martin L., Dr. “Ethical Issues in Counterterrorism Warfare.” Ethical Issues in Counterterrorism Warfare. Santa Clara University, Sept. 2001. Web. 09 Mar. 2013. <http://www.scu.edu/ethics/publications/ethicalperspectives/cook.html> The author of this essay, Dr. Martin L. Cook, is an Elihu Root Professor of Military Science and a Professor of Ethics under the Department of Command, Leadership and Management at the U.S. Army War College. Under the guidance of the Office of the Deputy Chief of Staff, Operations, U.S. Army, Cook was asked to prepare this paper. Prior to his current position, Cook engaged his professional expertise at the Santa Clara University and taught under in the Department of Religious Studies. Cook’s paper first states that as...
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...Terrorism The American Heritage Online Dictionary defines Terrorism as “an unlawful use or threatened use of force or violence by a person or organized group against people or property with the intention of intimidating or coercing societies or governments, often for ideological or political reasons.” Given this definition I will attempt to elaborate on how terrorism affects society as a whole and how it has bought about changes in current laws as it pertains to the safety of all citizens. Terrorism is a major issue in American and has a phenomenal impact on people of all walks of life, because terrorism affects everyone directly or indirectly in some form or fashion. Since the infamous 9-11 terrorist attacks on the United States there have been many changes in regard to the way law enforcement agencies interpret and implement their mission. A perilous balance exists between police actions and the approaches needed to ensure the safety of all Americans against terrorism and personal liberties. These agencies now have a heighten sensitivity to terrorism and its threat and the balance is affected by police ethics and individual conscious. One prime example is the Patriot Act, which many contend is designed to protect our country and its citizens from the recurrences of the 9-11 terrorist attacks; in practice the Patriot Act is an even more dangerous attack against our personal liberties. “It is an attack on the very premises upon which this country is founded...
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...ASSIGNMENT Question 1: Global definitions of terrorism are presented in the background reading. Provide a critique of these definitions. What would you propose as a global definition of terrorism? |To Define Terrorism | |Debate over what constitutes a terrorist or a terrorist assault occurs with each mass violent attack. In remarks to the Center for | |International Policy in Washington DC, on November 2001, former Ambassador Keeley (2002) discussed the necessity to define | |terrorism, and illustrated the challenge of constructing a definition that can be applied steadily. (Keeley, 2002) Thirteen years | |later six different U.S. government agencies have differing definition of Terrorism, and there is no consensus on a definition. | | | |Critique of Definitions of Terrorism | |Although the wording used in the within the definitions varies, there are key words each of the agencies emphasize. The U.S. Code | |Of Federal Regulation does not distinguish between a government and sub national group who uses terrorism as a method. United | |States Code Title 22, Chapter 38 and the U.S. National...
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...Terrorism The American Heritage Online Dictionary defines Terrorism as “an unlawful use or threatened use of force or violence by a person or organized group against people or property with the intention of intimidating or coercing societies or governments, often for ideological or political reasons.” Given this definition I will attempt to elaborate on how terrorism affects society as a whole and how it has bought about changes in current laws as it pertains to the safety of all citizens. Terrorism is a major issue in American and has a phenomenal impact on people of all walks of life, because terrorism affects everyone directly or indirectly in some form or fashion. Since the infamous 9-11 terrorist attacks on the United States there have been many changes in regard to the way law enforcement agencies interpret and implement their mission. A perilous balance exists between police actions and the approaches needed to ensure the safety of all Americans against terrorism and personal liberties. These agencies now have a heighten sensitivity to terrorism and its threat and the balance is affected by police ethics and individual conscious. One prime example is the Patriot Act, which many contend is designed to protect our country and its citizens from the recurrences of the 9-11 terrorist attacks; in practice the Patriot Act is an even more dangerous attack against our personal liberties. “It is an attack on the very premises upon which this country is founded...
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...Torture and Ethics Paper Jennifer Yow ASJ 532 June 16, 2014 Since -9/11, torture has been official US policy by George Bush at the highest levels of government. On September 17, 2001, George Bush signed a secret finding empowering CIA to "Capture, Kill, or Interrogate Al-Queda Leaders." (Lendman, 2008). It also authorized establishing a secret global facilities to detain and interrogate them without guidelines on proper treatment. In the same time, Bush approved a secret "high-value target list" of about two dozen names. He also gave CIA free reign to capture, kill and interrogate terrorists that were not on the list (Lendman, 2008). What is torture: (a) the intentional infliction of extreme physical pain or suffering on some non-consenting, defenseless person; (b) the intentional, substantial curtailment of the exercise of a person's autonomy (achieved by means of (a)); (c) in general, undertaken for the purpose of breaking the victim's will." We will discuss terrorism and torture, look at arguments for and against each practice, and ethically evaluate those arguments (Lendman, 2008).. If pain is meant to break the will of the person, one must ask when we might have an interest in doing so. Certainly violating the freedom through violence is not acceptable for citizens; I may not justifiably torture you to obtain what I want from you, be it your property, your behavior, or your ideological consent (Lendman, 2008). Also, the police may not torture to obtain information...
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...The Eradication of Corruption at Fluor Corporation By Marcus Youngquist 15 Jul 2009 When thinking about what is the most important initiative for Alan Boeckmann; CEO of Fluor Corporation, can take to eliminate corruption in his company many initiatives come to mind. The Fluor Corporation delivers engineering, procurement, construction and maintenance services to 600 clients on 1,000 projects in 85 different countries. (1) When a company of that size and magnitude tries to combat something such as corruption which has been present in the world for centuries, it is without a doubt an uphill battle. I feel that Boeckmann can be successful in corruption free contracting if the right steps continue to be taken. The fight against corruption needs to happen on multiple levels; financially, politically, and intellectually. One of the first steps in eradicating corruption is on the financial front. Fluor can do this by continuing to support leading advocacy groups. (1) There is the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). In 1998 more than 30 nations, including all of our major trading partners, implemented rigorous anti-bribery commitments mandated by OECD. (1) One company that pioneered the private sector getting involved with anti-corruption acts is the the Partnership Against Corruption Initiative (PACI). (1) Each signatory company agreed to maintain a zero tolerance policy towards bribery and corruption...
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...Ethics Memo Nathan Singleteary BIS/221 July 2, 2015 Joseph Gorman MEMO IT Ethics - ISIS Threats Recently in US news a federal joint task force was responsible for stopping an assumed ISIS threat that called for the beheading of police officials. The joint task force had Usaama Rahim and a few other radicals under surveillance for a couple of years through telephone conversations and social media. It was reported that the task force had deciphered a conversation where Usaama had contemplated beheading police with a few other individuals. ("Us News", 2015) Information technology played a significant role in stopping this particular threat because it allowed officials a means of fighting terrorists plots. The world of today is far more advanced in technology than any other era of the past. Information technology has enabled a global way of communication where a lot of ideas, processes, and for some a way of living life in this computer age. When it comes to ethics and information technology there is the debate of how much information should be private or federally governed. In this debate a few concerns are rights and responsibilities and the way information is used. Some people feel that the federal government is invading privacy rights when doing such surveillance as mentioned above. On the other hand some people feel like it's necessary to fight the war on terrorism. As in the report above this surveillance uncovered a ruthless plot to physically...
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