...In psychology, personality traits could be explained from many aspects, and one of them describes personality traits as categorizations of people’s particular characteristics (Burger, 1997) while others hold opposite ideas that personalities are more unique and different for each individual depending on his or her peculiar life experience. The former idea relates itself to nomothetic approach, which is a quantitative approach that studies personalities that people share in common to find out a general law that applies to everyone. The nomothetic approach suggests that people show universal traits and that personality traits are consistent within humans. Gordan Allport first brought up this approach to understand personality in 1930s, and after that, many theories has been conducted from it. Individual’s personality indicates behaviour, thus the accuracy of the indication of individual’s personality and behaviour in nomothetic approach decides the validity and effectiveness of the approach. Thus the statement that “ the nomothetic approach is the most effective way to understand an individual’s personality” can be critically evaluated by testing the validity of predictions of the theories. As mentioned above, there are two commonly accepted approaches to understand individual’s personality. The idea that people’s personalities are unique brings the idiographic approach that investigates individuals in personal and in-depth details. According to idiographic approach, each person’s...
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...Introduction The absorption of one company by the other has grown to a big emerging trend in many developing economies. Absorptions also have been the drivers of growth through the search for new markets which has increased competition within the local markets. There are various issues that may arise from Big energy in the absorption of XYZ Energy which shall be discussed in detail. There are various strategies that Big Energy could use to deal with the issues which will be discussed further below. Q1. Values In the event of absorption like this one between Big Energy Company and XYZ Energy job satisfaction of employees would be a problem and lead to value changes. The company being absorbed may reduce their job satisfaction drastically. The reduction of employee job satisfaction could be due to various factors. The employees within the organization may not feel the sense of job security anymore which would be felt by employees from both companies (Cartwright & Schoenberg, 2006). Job satisfaction for the employee may reduce due to various variables such as the pay levels they could not be looking as attractive as before. The new management may reduce employee benefits; there would be no job security anymore. The communication levels may be unclear. In addition, it will be evident that there is no longer hierarchy growth within the organization. This in turn will lead to employees lacking the moral to contribute much to the growth of the company as a whole (Nemanich & Keller...
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...MG 2033: Quality Control Assignment 1 : H&M Group 20: Dominik Flum Thies Fingerhut Introduction Hennes & Mauritz (H&M) is a 100 billion SEK company. It´s engaged in designing and retailing of fashion apparel and accessories. The company offers a range of apparel, cosmetics, footwear and accessories for men, women, children and teenagers. H&M primarily operates in Europe, North America and Asia, and has a presence in over 38 countries. The company is headquartered in Stockholm, Sweden. Approximately 87,000 people on a full-time basis are employed at H&M. Strategy According Michael E. Porter (1996), the strategy of a company, per definition is selecting the set of activities in which an organization will excel to create a sustainable difference in the marketplace and which is also supported by Kaplan, R. S. and Norton, D.S. (2010) and the strategy of H&M confirms this definition. “Fashion and quality at the best price“ (H&M 2011a). That´s how Helena Helmersson, Head of Sustainability at H&M, describes the business concept. This statement implicates the three main goals of H&M. First H&M wants to sell a wide range of fashionable products and not just ordinary clothes. “People who come to an H&M store must be able to find everything: the latest fashion, reliable classics and their personal favourites,” says Ann-Sofie Johansson, H&M’s Head of Design. For that reason H&M continuously develops its collections so that each customer can find something new every time they come...
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...H&M Case Study Since 2000 Swedish retailer’s H&M growth rate is high. Its motto is to offer fashion and quality at the best price. Nowadays H&M’s growth target is to increase the number of stores by 10 – 15 percent per year, while increasing sales in comparable units. The growth will proceed with an emphasis on and continued high profitability. While entering the U.S. market in 2000, they face several problems. The primary problem of H&M is that it tries to expand around the world too fast without spending enough time to research and analyze the market it enters. In the United States they have chosen incorrect marketing mix strategy; consequently the company has low sales and low profits. Their lack of marketing mix strategy results in the following secondary problems: H&M has not taken into account the competition of inexpensive chains such as Express, Old Navy and Wet Seal. The U.S. customers are not aware of the higher quality of H&M products. So Swedish retailer is not able to compete with U.S. rivals effectively. Another problem H&M encounters in the U.S. market is its inefficient distribution network. Company has chosen too big outlets at poor locations in the suburbs, where they have a lot of direct competitors and few customers, who look for fashion and quality products. The company has suppliers in Europe and Asia, but not in America. It probably increases the turnaround period because of the long distance between suppliers and retailers...
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...The Big-Five Trait Taxonomy: History, Measurement, and Theoretical Perspectives Oliver P. John and Sanjay Srivastava University of California at Berkeley Running head: Big Five Trait Taxonomy Final draft: March 5, 1999 Author's Address: Oliver P. John Department of Psychology University of California, MC 1650 Berkeley, CA 94720-1650 W: (510) 642-2178; H: 540-7159; Fax: 643-9334 Email: ojohn@socrates.berkeley.edu; sanjays@socrates.berkeley.edu To appear in L. Pervin and O.P. John (Eds.), Handbook of personality: Theory and research (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford (in press). 2 Taxonomy is always a contentious issue because the world does not come to us in neat little packages (S. J. Gould, 1981, p. 158). Personality has been conceptualized from a variety of theoretical perspectives, and at various levels of abstraction or breadth (John, Hampson, & Goldberg, 1991; McAdams, 1995). Each of these levels has made unique contributions to our understanding of individual differences in behavior and experience. However, the number of personality traits, and scales designed to measure them, escalated without an end in sight (Goldberg, 1971). Researchers, as well as practitioners in the field of personality assessment, were faced with a bewildering array of personality scales from which to choose, with little guidance and no overall rationale at hand. What made matters worse was that scales with the same name often measure concepts that are not the same, and scales with different...
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...Big Bang Theory - The Premise The Big Bang theory is an effort to explain what happened at the very beginning of our universe. Discoveries in astronomy and physics have shown beyond a reasonable doubt that our universe did in fact have a beginning. Prior to that moment there was nothing; during and after that moment there was something: our universe. The big bang theory is an effort to explain what happened during and after that moment. According to the standard theory, our universe sprang into existence as "singularity" around 13.7 billion years ago. What is a "singularity" and where does it come from? Well, to be honest, we don't know for sure. Singularities are zones which defy our current understanding of physics. They are thought to exist at the core of "black holes." Black holes are areas of intense gravitational pressure. The pressure is thought to be so intense that finite matter is actually squished into infinite density (a mathematical concept which truly boggles the mind). These zones of infinite density are called "singularities." Our universe is thought to have begun as an infinitesimally small, infinitely hot, infinitely dense, something - a singularity. Where did it come from? We don't know. Why did it appear? We don't know. After its initial appearance, it apparently inflated (the "Big Bang"), expanded and cooled, going from very, very small and very, very hot, to the size and temperature of our current universe. It continues to expand and cool to this...
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...accurate and very manageable system (especially in .223 Rem/5.56 NATO), it is not a panacea for every situation a shooter might encounter. There are operations that demand riflemen go big. And when faced with these larger tasks, the AR-10 platform is generally the solution — at least when it comes to semi-autos. Beefier in receiver and bolt, the big brother of the AR family opens up larger calibers, including the popular and ubiquitous .308 Win/7.62 NATO. Whether it’s tracking big game that require a more bullet coming out of the bore to bring them down or a fast-shooting sniper rifle that reaches out, the AR-10 is generally the preferred platform....
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...Case D : Mobile Commerce 1. What is the '8-second rule' of the Internet and why is it important to m-commerce technology? The 8-second rule is about the performance of an internet device. According this rule, an internet device must take less than 8 seconds to load. One of the major preocupations of consumers is the speed of internet access since its development. If an internet device takes more than 8 seconds to be loaded, the consumer is likely to do something else. The aim of this rule is to show that consumers want to have access to the information faster as possible. This 8-seconds rule is no longer very relevant for internet since the numerous innovations of the latest years but it is for internet on mobile phones. The 8-seconds rule is essential for the m-commerce because one of the major concern of the consumers is to have a quick access to the information and they don’t want to wait longer on a mobile phone than on a computer. In order to garantee the growth of the m-commerce, the lack of differences between computers and mobile phones is essential. The speed of access is a key point for the development of the m-commerce, consumers feel vulnerables when they are waiting, especially during a money transaction. Even if the 8-seconds rule is respected, the internet on mobile phones is still to slow to be really competitive with a classic internet access on desktop and with the current technologies it can only go worst. The fact is that the success of internet...
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...The analysis on the development of Chinese Mainland banking industry internationalization Table of Content Introduction 3 1.0 Analysis on capital management based on Basel III 3 1.1 Potential risk determinants 3 1.1.1 CRAR based on Basel III 3 1.1.2 NPL perspective 4 1.1.3 Internal risk control system 4 1.1.4 The fund sourcing exploration through finance innovation 5 1.2 The risk identification 5 1.2.1 Risk of local government financial platform 5 1.2.2 NPL and Due Diligence Investigation 5 1.2.3 Risk of lending to SMEs and Derivative Deposit problems 5 1.2.4 Risk of collateral assets auctions 6 2.0 Analysis on internationalization of operation overseas 6 2.1 Key factors identification and comparison 6 2.1.1 Operation efficiency on ROA and ROE perspective 6 2.1.2 Operation scale and scope 7 2.2 Government potential influence on policies and regulation 8 2.3 Challenge and Risk based on the analysis 8 2.3.1 Strategic partnership with developed bank 8 2.3.2 Human Resource management 8 3.0 Analysis on internationalization of interest rate liberalization 8 3.1 Government potential influence on policies and regulation 9 3.2 Comparison between Chinese Mainland banks and HSBC 9 Conclusion 9 Appendices 11 Reference 13 Introduction From 2013, the trend of catching up with international standard and increasing Chinese banking competitiveness is under the agenda of PBOC through the frequent policies transformation...
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...immediately: announce a higher dividend, give out wage hikes, which it has deferred so far this year, or go for a big acquisition. However, it's margin conscious strategy is often blamed as one of the reasons why it is struggling to grow in the competitive market. A combination of stronger operating results, cost reduction programs and risk aversion has meant that large companies globally have accumulated large stockpiles of cash “While the global recovery remains fragile, companies are unwilling to commit the time and resources to M&A and the defensive cash accumulation mind-set will continue to be the norm. However, there could come a point when shareholders could exert pressure or governments might incentivize companies to do something with excess cash. If this happens we could see an increase in M&A activity.” it continues to follow a conservative approach, not using the money to shop for assets, it could see this hoard raising more questions. Infosys has been de-rated (read stock underperformed) because of its performance and lack of use of cash." a huge cash balance is a concern given the lower rates (8-9%) of return it gets on its cash which brings down the company's ROE. Almost a quarter of Infosys profits come from its cash balance." three things immediately: announce a higher dividend, give out wage hikes, which it has deferred so far this year, or go for a big acquisition. However, it's...
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...THUNDERBIRD THE GARVIN SCHOO L OF INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT A07 -05 -00 15 KISHORE DASH McDoNALD's IN INDIA I do not see any thing wrong with McDonald\ doing business in India. A/fer all, if ts not McDonaldization that we know of 11 is a Big MaCcommodatw n. A Senior Bureaucrat in New Delhi In October 1996, McDonald's opened irs ttrst Indian ourlec in Vasant Vihar, a n affluent residential colony in India's capital, New Delhi. As of November 2004 , McDonald 's has opened a total of 58 restaura nts, mostl y in the northern a nd western parr of India (Exhibit 1). 1 While McDonald 's opened 34 restaura nts in five years (by 2001 ), 58 restaurants in eight yea rs (by 2004), it is now pla nning to add more than 90 new restaurants in the next three years. 2 Although the initial scenes of crowds lining up for days outside the M cDonald 's res taurants in Delhi and Mumbai are no longer seen, Indian consumer response to McDonald's products still remains very strong. The ten McDonald's I visited in Mumbai and Delhi were pac ked with young people, children , and yo ung p a renrs enjoying ice c reams, sp icy potato wedges (instead of the usual frenc h fries), and Happy M ea ls. The growth of M cDonald's in India is not as rapid as in China (Exhibit 4) . Bur irs growth is nevertheless impressive . How did McDo nald's d o it? How d id a hamburger cha in becom e so promi nent in a cultural z.one dominated by non-beef, non-pork, vegetarian, and regional foods such as chofa bhatura...
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...P3- How businesses are organised. and P4- How the style of organisation helps to fulfil their purposes. My two organisations are H&M (profit-making) and MAA (non-for-profit), as researched in Task 1. The purpose of having an organisational Structure: Division of work: * Division of work is essential in any type of organisation, big or small, everything has to be organised and carried out with care. H&M is a very large international business, therefore a lot needs to be completed and managed, as any ‘slip-up’ could cost the business a lot of money. Dividing up the work between the departments will mean that all the tasks that need to be completed, are done so with great detail and to a good standard in required time to keep the business at the peak of its success. An example in H&M would be, that every department has a deadline by which they have to have done their part of year report for the Annual Report, so all the departments are doing different tasks and writing about their year, but in the end it’s put into one big annual report to be used as progress check and presented to some of the stakeholders such as the shareholders and the head office. MAA is described as a medium sized business; yet the work is still divided between the departments so that all tasks are completed on time and up to a good standard, the difference is that there is much less staff in each department and some staff have more than one type of responsibility within the business...
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...Auto Agency ;O&M, Leo Burnett Brand Count : 226 Pulsar is one of my favorite brands both as a bike rider and as a marketer. This bike has virtually redefined biking in this country. Pulsar launched in 2001 is the market leader in the 150 cc + performance bike segment. More than that , this brand changed the fortune of Bajaj Auto Ltd. Before the launch of Pulsar, Indian bike market was divided broadly into Economy,Executive and Premium Bikes. In 1999 Hero Honda created a new segment of 150 cc performance segment with its CBZ. But Pulsar came and gave a new life into the Performance segment. Although not a pioneer, Pulsar made the performance segment one of the fastest growing segment in the two wheeler market. It was not only the bike's performance that triggered the brand becoming an icon, a major part of the success was due to the classic advertising campaign by O&M. According to agencyfaqs, the birth of the "Definitely Male " campaign is interesting. The creative honchos found the new product from Bajaj distinctly different. It was Bajaj's first bike without Kawasaki label. The new bike was an R&D and design marvel.Pulsar was designed by the renowned design house Tokyo R&D. O&M knew that the communication of this brand should also be different.Starting with lot of ideas, O&M stuck upon the Big Idea of India's He-Bike. Although lot of bike take the persona of Macho bikes it was more oriented towards being "sexy". The Big Idea was to position...
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...Ethics and Sustainable development Mark&Spencer Plan A analysis Bao Quoc Nguyen Ethics and Sustainable Development Mark and Spencer Plan A with Oxfam Table of Contents MARK & SPENCER PLC ................................................................................................................... 3 COMPANY OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................................................ 3 BUSINESS DESCRIPTION .................................................................................................................................... 3 HISTORY .............................................................................................................................................................. 4 SWOT ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................................................ 4 PESTLE ANALYSIS ............................................................................................................................................... 5 OUTLINE SOME PROBLEM FACING RETAILERS IN UK .........................................
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...Case One: Watching M&M’s Grow 1. Do you think that it was a good segmentation strategy for M&M’s to develop a new version targeting adults? First, I’ll discuss the three research methods. The first method is causal research. Causal research involves testing the product (Schiffman & Kanuk, 2007). I’ve participated in this type of research before. In some ways it is awesome because people get to test out the product. Who wouldn’t want to try out a new M&M line? I tried out a new Hershey’s product. This research method is the most effective for the new M&M because it gives the company a feel for whether or not people will accept the new product before actually spending all of the money in releasing and packaging and shipping the product. Next, there is descriptive research. Descriptive research is statistical research (Schiffman & Kanuk, 2007). Who is this product focused on; where are these people? Food is focused on mostly everybody, so it wouldn’t be the best method of research. Yachts are focused on rich people; tricycles focus on little kids; guns focus on adults, etc. All classes purchase M&Ms. Lower-class citizens buy them just as much as upper or middle class. Kids want them, and so do adults. My mother used to hide chocolate in her room. She loved it more than my siblings and I did. So, M&M doesn’t need to focus on whom to market the product to. Finally, there is exploratory research. Exploratory research is the first most basic kind of research....
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