...Associates Unemployment Study Chapter 10 Air Force Training Programming Chapter 12 Measuring Stock Market Risk Major League Baseball Team Values Chapter 13 Predicting Student Proficiency Test Scores Predicting Winning Percentage for the NFL Predicting Graduation Rates for Universities Chapter 2 Pelican Stores Pelican Stores, a division of National Clothing, is a chain of women’s apparel stores operating throughout the country. The chain recently ran a promotion in which discount coupons were sent to customers of other National Clothing stores. Data collected for a sample of 100 in-store credit card transactions at Pelican Stores during one day while the promotion was running are contained in the file named PelicanStores. Table 2.18 shows a portion of the data set. The Proprietary Card method of payment refers to charges made using a National Clothing charge card. Customers who made a purchase using a discount coupon are referred to as promotional customers and customers who made a purchase but did not use a discount coupon are referred to as regular customers. Because the promotional coupons were not sent to regular Pelican Stores customers, management considers the sales made to people presenting the promotional coupons as sales it would not otherwise make. Of course, Pelican also hopes that the promotional customers will continue to shop at its stores. Most of the variables shown in Table 2.18 are...
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...RUNNING HEAD: Descriptive Research Questions Shekubah Kamara 15 February 2013 RES 500 Research Methods for the Health Science Module 1 Trident University Newton, Bower, and Williams (2004) outline the process of “devising and revising” a research question, be it descriptive, relational, or comparative. After reading their paper, write a three-page paper that addresses the following: How do descriptive research questions differ from questions of relationship? From questions of comparison? When pursuing a descriptive research questions, what is being measure is aimed to describe the variables you are measuring. When the use of the word describe is used, simply means that these research questions are focused to quantify variables. To recognize a descriptive of to use these question you will often use questions that start with words such as "How much?", "How often?", "What percentage?", and "What proportion?” but also sometimes questions starting "What is?" and "What are?". Descriptive research questions focus on only one variable and one group, but they can include multiple variables and groups. In comparison to questions of relationship or comparison it is also common when using descriptive research questions to measure percentages and proportions. However, if you are using an experimental or quasi-experimental research design, or a more involved relationship-based research design, you are more likely to use just one or two descriptive research questions as a means...
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...Running Head: POLICY Policy Analysis By Veronica Soto March 14, 2013 QNT/562 Professor Eboniece Cason Introduction Policy analysis is a social and political activity. Analysis means to break a policy down so it can be understood better. Thus public policy analysis is the examination of the components of public policy, the policy process or both. It is the study of causes and consequences of policy decisions. Policy analysis uses many different methods of inquiry and draws from various disciplines to obtain the information needed to assess a problem. There are eight different forms of policy analysis that will be discussed in this paper. Prospective Policy Analysis When using the prospective form of policy analysis it helps by using information and analysis before any action is taken. It is placing primary emphasis on what may be expected policy outcomes. According to Dunn, it is usually is systems analysts, decision analysts, operations researchers that are interested in using this type of policy analysis as it will give them information prior without any gathering of information. (Dunn, 2008) Retrospective Policy Analysis Retrospective analysis is a study in which a search is made for a relationship between one current condition and another that occurred in the past. An example would be a study of family history of young women whom have developed cancer which yields a relationship of the administration of “growth medicine” to the mothers of these women...
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...simple instructions. It is designed for both interactive and non-interactive uses. It is also used by market researchers, health researchers, survey companies, government, education researchers, marketing organizations, data miners, and others. The original SPSS manual (Nie, Bent & Hull, 1970) has been described as one of "sociology's most influential books" for allowing ordinary researchers to do their own statistical analysis.[4] In addition to statistical analysis, data management (case selection, file reshaping, creating derived data) and data documentation (a metadata dictionary was stored in the data file) are features of the base software. Statistics included in the base software: * Descriptive statistics: Cross tabulation, Frequencies, Descriptive, Explore, Descriptive Ratio Statistics * Bivariate statistics: Means, t-test, ANOVA, Correlation (bivariate, partial, distances), Nonparametric tests * Prediction for numerical outcomes: Linear regression * Prediction for identifying groups: Factor analysis, cluster analysis (two-step, K-means, hierarchical), Discriminant It is one of the most commonly used statistics software in the world. It is a very powerful tool that has so many uses, among them: * predict...
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...orWe chose to use descriptive statistics because we are looking at a group of people at wal mart. Descriptive, because we are researching on wal mart, and how they lack customer service. This experiment has been done and there is a high percent of people who have claims against wal mart and all those claims are on how bad customer service is there. Wal mart does surveys every month and they gather nationwide, they gather more than 500,000 surveys from all the stores in the United States. If we took those 500,000 surveys and we randomly picked a number from each we will find a solution and the problem is not new to wal mart. Surveys is what has told wal mart that they have bad customer service but since they lead in sales due to all the low prices they have, wal mart does not feel that big of a loss when customers stop shopping there and shop at a competitors store. But yet we can also do inferential to make a prediction but the prices at wal mart is what keeps wal mart running. We will display the results starting with now. How, the percentage of sales, and customers walking in and out the stores. Once Wal mart invest in training for better customer service then that is when we will notice the difference. We will display the results quarterly, in a bar graph to show results of customers, we will use percentages to show the increase of profit and last is continue to do surveys to know that we as researchers, that wal mart is decreasing the percent on bad customer service. HOW...
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...Descriptive versus Narrative Chris Hathaway ENG121 Michelle Terashima January 27, 2014 Descriptive versus Narrative This essay is to compare-contrast a narrative and descriptive essay The essays I chose were, “Are the Rich Happy?” written by Stephen Leacock (1916) for the narrative essay and “Homeless” written by Anna Quindlen (n.d.) for the descriptive essay. The title of both essays is what caught my eye and the reason why I read them. Although, I enjoyed reading both essays, I felt the descriptive essay “Homeless” had more value and was the better read. Therefore, in this essay, I am going to compare/contrast the author’s purpose, the difference in their use of descriptive language, and the impact on the reader’s that each author intended to accomplish through the essay that they wrote. I also plan to show why, in the case of these two essays, I felt that the descriptive essay “Homeless” was the better read. One comparison of these two essays is the descriptive language they use. A narrative essay is written to tell a story. In the essay “Are the Rich Happy?” the author Leacock tells a story of his encounters with people he thought to be rich. He sarcastically tells the story using some vague descriptive language. His descriptions are not such that you can see or feel but, so that you understand who he is talking about, their expressions, and their lifestyles so that you can see the comparison he is making between the rich and the poor. In his essay he speaks of a...
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...Types of Statistics Descriptive Statistics Examples: A set of methods used to describe data already collected so that its main features can be seen immediately. eg: averages, sports, EXISTS TODAY AND NOW Inferential Statistics Examples: Techniques that allow us to make a generalization, estimate, or prediction about a population based on a sample. eg: polls, tv ratings, use a sample to predict entire population info Application: Joe D. Politician is running for Mayor. He calls you on the phone and asks you to find out what percentage of the registered voters in the city will vote for him. What are your options? Descriptive example: - Call everyone and ask them Inferential example: - Call 4 people, ask them, and generalize the population (not good) - Take a larger representative example (1000) and generalize to the population Example 1: Out of 350 randomly selected students from Sheridan College, 280 owned a cell phone. Summarize this using Descriptive Statistics: 80% of students own a cell phone Summarize this using Inferential Statistics: 80% of ALL Sheridan students have a cell phone Example 2: On the last 3 Sundays, Mr. Carsalesman sold 2, 1, and 0 new cars respectively. Summarize this using Descriptive Statistics: He sold an average of 1 car every Sunday Summarize this using Inferential Statistics: He sells an average of 1 car on ALL Sundays Test Your Knowledge The last four semesters an instructor taught Intermediate Algebra, the following...
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...Descriptive versus Narrative This essay is to compare-contrast a narrative and descriptive essay The essays I chose were, “Are the Rich Happy?” written by Stephen Leacock (1916) for the narrative essay and “Homeless” written by Anna Quindlen (n.d.) for the descriptive essay. The title of both essays is what caught my eye and the reason why I read them. Although, I enjoyed reading both essays, I felt the descriptive essay “Homeless” had more value and was the better read. Therefore, in this essay, I am going to compare/contrast the author’s purpose, the difference in their use of descriptive language, and the impact on the reader’s that each author intended to accomplish through the essay that they wrote. I also plan to show why, in the case of these two essays, I felt that the descriptive essay “Homeless” was the better read. One comparison of these two essays is the descriptive language they use. A narrative essay is written to tell a story. In the essay “Are the Rich Happy?” the author Leacock tells a story of his encounters with people he thought to be rich. He sarcastically tells the story using some vague descriptive language. His descriptions are not such that you can see or feel but, so that you understand who he is talking about, their expressions, and their lifestyles so that you can see the comparison he is making between the rich and the poor. In his essay he speaks of a man who makes fifty thousand dollars a year and has told him with great frankness that it is impossible...
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...Descriptive versus Narrative This essay is to compare-contrast a narrative and descriptive essay The essays I chose were, “Are the Rich Happy?” written by Stephen Leacock (1916) for the narrative essay and “Homeless” written by Anna Quindlen (n.d.) for the descriptive essay. The title of both essays is what caught my eye and the reason why I read them. Although, I enjoyed reading both essays, I felt the descriptive essay “Homeless” had more value and was the better read. Therefore, in this essay, I am going to compare/contrast the author’s purpose, the difference in their use of descriptive language, and the impact on the reader’s that each author intended to accomplish through the essay that they wrote. I also plan to show why, in the case of these two essays, I felt that the descriptive essay “Homeless” was the better read. One comparison of these two essays is the descriptive language they use. A narrative essay is written to tell a story. In the essay “Are the Rich Happy?” the author Leacock tells a story of his encounters with people he thought to be rich. He sarcastically tells the story using some vague descriptive language. His descriptions are not such that you can see or feel but, so that you understand who he is talking about, their expressions, and their lifestyles so that you can see the comparison he is making between the rich and the poor. In his essay he speaks of a man who makes fifty thousand dollars a year and has told him with great frankness that it is impossible...
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...Basic Definitions & Concepts: Data: facts/figures from which conclusions can be drawn Data Set: data that are collected for particular study Elements: people, objects, events, or other entries Variable: any characteristic of an element Population: set of all elements about which we wish to draw conclusions Census: examination of all population measurements Sample: subset of the units of a population Population (Param.) & Sample (Stat.) Population: group of all items of interest and then the Sample: is the set of data drawn from the pop. Parameter: A descriptive measure of population Statistic: A descriptive measure of a sample “A politician is running for office of mayor in a city w/ 25,000 voters. In survey, 48% of the 200 voters that were interviewed say they will vote for her.” Pop: voters, Sample: 200 voters, Parameter/Statistic: Statistic Descriptive vs. Inferential Stats Descriptive: Organize, Summarize, Simplify, Presentation of data describes data Inferential: Generalize from sample to pop, Hypothesis testing, Relationship among variables Make predictions from this Categorical vs. Quantitative Var. Categ: places individual into a category (Also Ordinal if there is an order in the categ. Nominal if it is a name of something) Quant: numerical and math operations make sense (Interval if can find interval b/w the data) Shapes of Histograms Symmetry: draw vertical line in the middle= will be same on both sides Skew: Long tail on one side...
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...Alfred North Whitehead’s statement “What is morality in any given time and place? It is what the majority then and there happen to like, and immorality is what they dislike” (Solomon & Higgins, 2009, p.273). As for business, it can have ethical standards, even though businesses are not moral agents. This statement is true because to work well, any business has to incorporate an element of morality. Morality in business is evident when a company provides equal opportunities for all employees. As a result, morals in a business setting act as a guide for employees and managers to work conscientiously. The value of ethical standards in business is that it provides employment opportunities for potential personnel without putting into consideration such aspects as sex, race, sexual orientation, religion, age, nationality, and color. If business adopts the above ethical standards, it concurs with Whitehead’s statement of morality. The reason is that people will like this business and associate it with terms of work and consumer relations. In my opinion, the profit alone cannot be the bottom line of business, even though it is essential for any commerce to make a profit to prove that it is operating in the right direction. To be successful, business has to balance its goals and client service as vital aspects that contribute to a good return. The most significant goal of business is to make money, but there are other less tangible goals that are intrinsic. For instance, when business...
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...I movement professional that I observed was Coach Amanda Murphy. Amanda is a girl’s high school softball coach. She coaches for an independent spots group called PSP Sports. She has coached softball for eight years and has her Bachelor’s degree in Sports Science. During the practice that I observed, Amanda had the girls on her team practice four different skills. They practiced grounders, batting/pitching, passing, and base running. During this particular practice, Amanda was using serial practice. The type of practice used while I was observing was serial practice. Amanda spilt the practice up into four sections. After the warm-up, the girls went straight into practicing grounders. They did grounders for three minutes before moving...
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...insurance are paying more than patients with commercial insurance. The 95% confidence level was chosen to calculate hypothesis test, and regression analysis. Based on the hypothesis test, that was conducted to compare the difference between the two different insurances, it is concluded that patients with managed care insurance are paying more charges than the patients with commercial insurance. Hypothesis test was also conducted to check whether there is a difference between the charges related to physicians. It was concluded after doing the test that, physician#2 has the highest charges among all the physicians. Linear Regression Analysis is conducted to see if there is any relationship between the DAYS and CHRGS, PHYS, and/or PAYOR. After running several models with different independent...
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...study reviews relevant literature in the area of ICT in government administration. It will discuss the concept of ICT, in the day to day running of activities in government departments and the advantages of using it. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Introduction This chapter describes the methods that will be used in the collection of data pertinent in answering the research questions. It is divided into research design, population and sampling design, data collection methods and data analysis methods. Target Population and sample Size The target population will be all the employees of government. Employees in government are quite a number to get feedback from. The sample size will be 50 – 100 employees of government. Data Collection Primary data will be gathered directly from respondents and for this study; the researcher used a questionnaire. The questionnaire will consisting of close and open-ended questions. The questionnaire consisted of two sections. Data Processing and Analysis Data analysis is the whole process, which starts immediately after data collection and ends at the point of interpretation and processing data. The researcher will peruse the completed research instruments and document analysis-recording sheets. ICT IN ADMINISTRATION 3 Quantitative data collected using questionnaires will be analyzed using descriptive statistics using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences). Data will be presented using tables, charts, and graphs with respective interpretation...
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...Running head: BUSINESS RESEARCH METHODS, PART I Business Research Methods, Part I Patrice Brown, Melissa Farrell, Nichole Holden University of Phoenix Applied Business Research & Statistics Erick Ahrens July 17, 2010 Business Research Methods, Part I Introduction The management-research question hierarchy is a three step process, which begins when a management dilemma triggers the need for a decision (Cooper & Schindler, 2006). To proceed with the research process, the management question is formulated to express the need to eliminate the negative symptoms and clarify action that may be taken. A fine-tuned research question states the objective of the research study. Define the Problem On April 20th, 2010, a mobile offshore drilling unit, known as the Deepwater Horizon, was drilling an exploratory well, located in the Gulf of Mexico, when an explosion caused a wellhead to begin leaking. BP, the third largest energy company in the world, headquartered in London, United Kingdom, is responsible for what became the largest offshore spill in United States history. The BP oil spill has cost billions of dollars in losses not only BP but also to fisherman and other businesses along the Gulf Coast Since April 20th, the company lost $105 billion in total value, resulting in a nearly 54% loss to investors. Despite the loss in value, BP’s Chief Executive, Tony Hayward, maintains the company’s finances are sufficient to maintain the dividend at current levels...
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