...Rachel Abbott Discuss the relationship between stress, anxiety, habits and phobias and describe how you would treat these issues with hypnotherapy. Introduction Hypnotherapists are inundated with requests from potential clients seeking treatment for stress, anxiety, phobias and habits. It is essential for a therapist to understand the individual attributes of each one as well as understanding the relationship between these disorders. An understanding of the relationship between them allows therapists to decide which type of treatment will be most accurate as well as effective. In this essay I will start by defining stress, anxiety, habits and phobias and as well as exploring their individual attributes and symptoms I will seek to discuss the link between them as well as describing how I would treat these issues with hypnotherapy. Stress and Anxiety Are stress and anxiety just two different words to describe the same experience? Quite often they are coined together into one phrase because when you experience one you usually experience the other. This is not to say that they are the same. In fact, despite both states producing similar responses, there are differences in the triggers which cause them. Our bodies are designed to respond to danger; we have an inbuilt defence mechanism known as the ‘fight or flight response’, which triggers psychological and physical changes in our bodies. The release of chemicals can give rise to very real physical symptoms such as the release...
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...The Hawthorne effect (also referred to as the observer effect is a type of reactivity in which individuals modify or improve an aspect of their behavior in response to their awareness of being observed. The original research at the Hawthorne Works in Cicero, Illinois, on lighting changes and work structure changes such as working hours and break times were originally interpreted by Elton Mayo and others to mean that paying attention to overall worker needs would improve productivity. Later interpretations such as that done by Landsberger suggested that the novelty of being research subjects and the increased attention from such could lead to temporary increases in workers' productivity. This interpretation was dubbed "the Hawthorne effect". Introduction Elton Mayo’s team conducted a number of experiments involving six female workers. These experiments are often referred to as the Hawthorne experiments or Hawthorne studies as they took place at The Hawthorne Works of the Western Electric Company in Chicago. Hawthorne Experiment Details Over the course of five years, Mayo’s team altered the female worker’s working conditions and monitored how the change in working conditions affected the workers morale and productivity. The changes in working conditions included changes in working hours, rest brakes, lighting, humidity, and temperature. The changes were explained to the workers prior to implementation. Hawthorne Experiment Results At the end of the five year period, the female...
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...BOREDOM : A STUDY SUBMITTED BY: SHRIYA KALRA B10110 INTRODUCTION: “Work spares us from three evils: boredom, vice, and need” French philosopher Voltaire The word bored first was used in the English language in a private letter by the Earl of Carlisle to articulate his pity in 1768. Bore symbolizing a thing that bores made its first appearance in the English language 1778. Bore meaning a tiresome person emerged in 1812. The first citation of the noun boredom occurred in 1864, less than a century and a half ago. The word ‘boredom’ has emerged only recently in the English, which suggests that boredom experience in prior eras was not as prominent a part of the society as in the contemporary times Boredom researcher Orin Klapp has documented an enormous increase in the use of the word “boredom” between 1931 and 1961.a study of west Germany found, that between 1952 and 1978, the percentage of the population who considered boredom “a great problem” in filling leisure time showed a jump of almost 50%. The past half-century, particularly the last decade, has seen an expanding chronicling of the power of boredom in impelling and shaping behaviour. Newspaper stories and...
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...Dogs are wonderful companions; they love unconditionally and bring joy to the people around them. The energy and enthusiasm they exhibit help keep people moving and interested. The differences in breeds allow you to select the size, temperament and level of security you desire. I am going to adopt a dog as a companion for my dog Jake and myself. I think it’s time you looked into adopting a dog yourself. Adopting a dog would be good for you because it will provide company for you, be beneficial to your exercise program and overall health, as well as alert you when visitors come to your home. The friendliness and loyalty of a dog is a special relationship. You see their exuberance when you take them out to play and every time you return home; whether it is from running quick errands or being at work all day. Jake greets me at the door every evening. He brings joy and laughter into life daily. He can simultaneously give and seek attention; tossing one of his toys to get you to play with him and at the same time looking at you with the quintessential puppy dog eyes to make sure you notice his antics. He stays fit chasing deer off and patrolling the property. Jake is playful and attentive to our five grandchildren when they come to visit. He has experienced them all from babies; the twelve-year-old back when he was young to the one year old he met earlier this year. . One of the first things we noticed after adopting our dog, Jake, thirteen years ago was we were going for walks...
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...This research paper will help me explain what evolved trends formal organizations will likely have in the future. Since, the structure of formal organizations have a more conventional bureaucratic organizational they may profit in implementing a more flexible organizational structure. Some of the areas that I will investigate are: how formal organizations have evolved over the past century, the differences between formal and informal organizations, what are the current trends in formal organizations, and what are the characteristics needed for formal organizations to evolve. Formal Organizations Over The Past Century: Max Weber developed a typology of organizations from ancient China to modern industrial society, providing the foundation for the sociology of organizations. In particular, Weber was concerned with what he considered to be the most rational form of organization, the bureaucracy, and the authority embedded in it. Weber noted that bureaucracies, prior to industrialization, were large and efficient but were guided by the patrimonial culture and the ruling aristocracy. (In World of Sociology, 2001.) In past centuries formal organizations functioned under what is called conventional bureaucracy. The ideal typical model of Bureaucracy given by Max Weber is the milestone in understanding the functioning of modern government. The Weberian model categorically focuses on two dimensions (i)The Structural, relating to the hierarchical arrangement of positions...
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...growth, because the organizational growth and profit are also dependent on the training. But the training is not a core of organizational development. It is a function of the organizational development. Training is different form education; particularly formal education. The education is concerned mainly with enhancement of knowledge, but the aims of training are increasing knowledge while changing attitudes and competences in good manner. Basically the education is formulated with in the framework and to syllabus, but the training is not formed in to the frame and as well as syllabus. It may differ from one employee to another, one group to another, even the group in the same class. The reason for that can be mentioned as difference of attitudes and skills from one person to another. Even the situation is that, after good training programme, all different type skilled one group of...
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...CONFLICT Definition A conflict means a difference of opinion between two or more parties. Differences of opinion will lead to dispute of conflict. According to Newstrom and Davis (1977) a living heritage of social conflict can occur in a variety of conditions as result of the condition arose a disagreement and controversy between two or more parties ongoing basis. Although the definition specified is giving negative sense, but there are also a useful conflict which support the goals of organization and improve the level of organization. This means that conflict is a source of progressive change to the organization, while the conflict is beneficial is that preventing positive elements to achieve the goal. In organization conflict is a common thing and something should be addressed, if this phenomenon can be reduce, the robustness of an organization will increase and thus can be achieve a desired goal toward excellence. Conflict is friction and conflict between the two sides due to difference in values, wants and feelings stand in order to meet your needs and goals. Conflicts arise when individual want to do changes, whenever they feel unjustified action take place. The different in beliefs and way of life of the parties cannot be accepted by another party. Answers for question 1 i: CONFLICT AT WORKPLACE 1 A manager at my workplace reassigned an employee’s task to the employee’s co-worker but failed to communicate the reassignment...
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...direction, advice, criticism and suggestions.• If the coaching is done by someone other than the immediate supervisors, it is called mentoring. * Advantages• This methods provides opportunities for interaction between the coach and the learner.• There is rapid feedback of the performance• Learners are self motivated Disadvantages •Heavy reliance is placed on the abilities of the coach.This may limit the scope for development. •Managers may be unwilling or unable to coach * b) Understudy Assignments• Trainee managers are given staff posts under an experienced manager with”Assistant to” title• Trainee get the chance to learn the job under outstanding managersAdvantages• The understudy managers gain valuable knowledge and experience• They become important source for filling up vacants posts in future.Disadvantages• The trainee may be unable tomake major decisions• The chances for errors are high * c)Job Rotation• It involves shifting managers from position to position.It can be:(i) Planned Rotation: Managers spend two or three months on a job and are then moved on.They learn several different jobs.(ii) Situational Rotation: Shifting is done to meet work schedules or to make the job challenging to the manager(iii) Line and staff Rotation: Managers can be shifted between line staff positions. * Advantages• Managers can broaden...
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...passage of time Coca-Cola gained popularity and its product began to get recognized internationally. Thus from its mere beginning in 1886 Coca-Cola has now been transformed into a strong multinational with its product being currently recognized all over the world. Coca-Cola, in fact, has now become one of the most famous and widely consumed brands in the world. It has not only established its footings in the beverage industry but is currently heading the list of the most financially sound companies in the world. Pakistan: Although Coca-Cola is not a new name for the local market, Coca-Cola Beverages Pakistan Limited (CCBPL) began its operations on 26 May 1996 in Pakistan. Coca-Cola Beverages Private LTD (CCBPL) is a joint venture between Coca-Cola International, Fraser and Neeves Singapore and Package Ltd. Initially it acquired National Beverages LTD Karachi and later acquired International Beverages LTD Hyderabad .In May 1996 Fraser and Neeves, a Singapore based bottler of Coke, bought off the local bottlers in Karachi. Not long after it went on to acquire the bottling plants in Hyderabad as well. Since then coke has made an impressive impact on the local market by...
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...to identify the problems encountered in Perfect Pizzeria, namely; Planning and Controlling, Job Design and Managing Conflict. After the identification of problems, recommendations base on individual implications will be given to tackle them so as to resolve or minimize it, improving the present condition of the company. A. Introduction While the planning function provides direction, the controlling fuction adds the vital regulatory element, allowing managers to monitor performance and take corrective action when needed. Conflict too, needs to be both controlled and managed. (Batrol, Martin, Tein, Matthews, 1998, page 640) The lack of planning and controlling often result in differences in perceptions and goals. In the case of Perfect Pizzeria, it had shown a perceived difference between managers and staff, resulting in conflicts. (Bartol, Marting, Tein and Matthews, 1998) Conflicts can be constructive as well as destructive, but if it is left unmanaged, it may result in dysfunctional effects on an organization and it’s people. To curb this, there must be good planning on the part of management. One subset of planning is in the area of Job Design. Proper Job-design serves to define job roles and tasks so as to frame up responsibilities and accountability, which may minimize conflict in the workplace. A. Framework We will be tackling the case through this framework, a 3 stage process to achieve good planning. FIRST STAGE SECOND STAGE THIRD STAGE...
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...orders to meet your specific requirements. If anyone interested in any of our series of products, or need any related items, please contact us with details of your specific orders. We warmly welcome domestic and foreign friends to cooperate with us based on mutual benefits. The Levant Sweat LTD has strongly believed in some truths which are: 1. Trustworthiness 2. Clear Dealings 3. Always Customers first 4. Quality 5. On time 6. Honesty, and 7. Eternal Relationship. The Levant Sweater LTD clearly follows the terms and condition of Bangladesh Government. The entire act and laws posted by the Government been strongly followed in our terms and condition of company. An agreement to this effect was signed between the Bangladesh Export Processing Zones Authority (BEPZA) and The Levant Sweater Ltd. Basic Information | | Company Name | The Levant Sweater LTD | Business type | Manufacturing | Product/Service | Men’s sweater, women’s sweater, children’s sweater, etc. | Number of Employees | 150-250 people | Registered Address | 515 Senpara Parbata, Mirpur, Dhaka, Bangladesh. | Company Web site | www.levantgroup.com | Ownership and Capital | | Year Established | 1995 | Legal ownership/Business owner | The Levant LTD | Trade and Market | | Main Markets | China, Hong-Kong, Australia,...
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...Analysis of the Case The Division of Environmental Assessments is now a very important governmental unit, because its mandate has been switched from environmental impact assessment to assessment of environmental plans of oil and gas developments. Based on the importance of oil and gas, this division is clearly under pressure to meet demands and expectations of clients. For this reason, the leadership as well as team members working with the division must employ new strategies that not only increase their efficiency, but also encourage them to work together as a team. This paper analyses some of the problems facing the Division of Environmental Assessments, as well as some solutions aimed at improving employee experience. Problems There are underlying problems in the case. The problems must be solved if the division is to play a more complete role in assessment of environmental plans of oil and gas developments. One of the clearest problems is poor employee retention. In the history of the division, it is obvious that employee turnover has not been a serious issue. However, there is now an increase in the turnover rate, and the ability of filling vacant positions is becoming increasingly difficult. From the case, it is evident that within the first month of Jane’s leadership as the Manager of Environmental Assessments, the division has lost one top engineer and one junior engineer. The main reason why employees are leaving the division is that they are receiving more attractive...
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...FIRST SEMESTER Course : 1: Principles of Management Introduction: - Concept of Management, Scope, Functions and Principles of Management, Evolution of Management thought. 2. Planning: - The Process of Planning, Objectives, Policy and Procedures, Forecasting and Decision Making. 3. Organizing: - Meaning, Importance and Principles, Span of Management, Centralization and Decentralization, Patterns of Organization, Line and Staff Relationships. 4. Staffing: - Nature & Scope of Staffing, Manpower Planning, Selection & Training, Performance Appraisal. 5. Controlling: - Concept or Managerial Control, Control aids, Score Responsibilities of Managers. Books Recommended: by Paul Hersey & Ken Blanchard 1. Management & Organizations Behaviour 2. Essentials of Management by Koontz & O Donald 3. Principal and Practice of Management by L.M. Prasad 4. Human Behavior at Work by Kaith Devis 5. Organizational Behavior by Robbins 1. Course : 2: Business Organization Introduction: - Nature & Scope of Business System, Objectives of Business and Social Responsibilities of Business 2. Organizing a Business: - Forms of Ownership Organization Sole Proprietor, Partnership, Private & Public Ltd. Companies, Choice of suitable form of Business Organization. Public Sector: - Central Government, Public Corporation, Local Government, Organization 3. neither Public nor Private Sector, Clubs & Society, Cooperative Societies, Worker s Cooperatives, Building Societies. 4. Elements of Insurance: - Meaning and...
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...HROB 2100 Selecting, Retaining, and Motivating Employees Within the Workplace The topic of human resource and understanding organizational behaviors has been becoming more and more relevant, important, and crucial to the underlying success of a business. That is why more and more businesses today are adapting and implementing the practice of HR programs and organizational behaviors. Expanding on the thought of HR programs and organizational behaviors, they both stem from the managerial position and each managerial position within a business is responsible for integrating and incorporating these HR and OB theories and practices. As a manager, you would integrate both of these theories and create a foundation that becomes a guideline to be based on selecting, retaining, and motivating your employees. However before these guidelines are made, they are all determined and influenced by the company’s particular structure, culture, and strategy, which is different for all businesses and an example of this can be found virtually in any business operation. Therefore if I were the manager of a business the matters of selecting, retaining, and motivating employees would depend on the type of business I was working for, their specific culture, structure, and strategy. For example Hoover (2009) Disney is the world’s second largest conglomerate and only second to Time Warner’s (p.1-2), which easily affirms and attests to the success of their business, when you look at a business like...
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...Intro [ ] Section 1 In this section I will be looking at the functions and aspects of a successful business. Ranging from, what a manager does to what’s expected of them and how they factor in to a business’s planning and organisational structure. Role of Management The role of management within a business is largely dependent on the type of business. Small businesses are likely to have what is called a “flat structure” where employees have more than one role or skill and can take over duties from another employee if needs be. Flat structures are especially popular with new businesses or “start-ups” where there are often people who have experience in the industry but are new to management. The Flat structure allows them to get hands on and build their business quickly, without going through a hierarchical structure. Larger businesses, typically corporations, use a tall structure. This management style puts emphasis on the individual skills of employees and co-ordinating employees together in teams to complete tasks. The tall structure caters towards employees who have specialist skills to complete large tasks which couldn’t be accomplished otherwise. Within a tall structure there is a larger emphasis on performance than there would be in a flat structure. Depending on the structure the style of the business, management will vary, however, outside of these structures there are common elements which are the basis for all...
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