...Industrial Relations at Garments Sector and its Global Impact Prepared By: Md. Mamunur Rashid ID# 2005-3-10-073 Mohammad Abdus Salam 2004-3-10-082 Dewan Mohammad Masum ID# 2003-2-14-053 Course : HRM 414 Section: 1 Department Of Business Administration Prepared For: Dr.Nargis Akhter Course instructor-Industrial Relations Department of Business Administration East West University Date of submission: 12 August 2008 [pic] Letter of Authorization 12 August 2008 Students of Industrial Relations HRM-414 Department of Business Administration East West University, Dhaka Dear Students As a part of your Industrial Relations course, you are hereby assigned a report on Industrial relations at garments sector and its global impact. Assigned report must follow the standard system and methodology and should contain accurate data. You are allowed to form a group of 3 members in order to accomplish your task. The university will appreciate any additional benefit that can be obtained from your report. You are required to submit the report on 10 August, 2008 and do a presentation on 12 August, 2008. I wish you best of luck. Sincerely Dr.Nargis Akhter Letter of Transmittal August 12, 2008 Dr. Nargis Akhter Associate professor Department of Business Administration East...
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...THE SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (SME) IN BANGLADESH: AN OVERVIEW OF THE CURRENT STATUS DR. MOMTAZ UDDIN AHMED VICE CHANCELLOR STATE UNIVERSITY OF BANGLADESH 1.0 The Case for the SMEs The SMEs1 worldwide are recognized as engines of economic growth. The commonly perceived merits often emphasized for their promotion especially in the developing countries like Bangladesh include their relatively high labour intensity, dependence on indigenous skills and technology, contributions to entrepreneurship development and innovativeness and growth of industrial linkages. The case for fostering SME growth in Bangladesh is irrefutable as these industries offer bright prospects for creating large-scale employment and income earning opportunities at relatively low cost for the un-and unemployed especially in the rural areas strengthening the efforts towards achieving high and sustained economic growth which are critically important prerequisites for triggering an exit from endemic poverty and socio-economic deprivation. These promotional arguments for the SMEs, while universally emphasized are often put forward by their ardent advocates in a small versus large context and thus arouse serious debates concerning their economic viability. Much of such controversies may, however breakdown if the intrinsic virtues specific to SMEs and unavailable to large-scale industries are correctly identified and carefully exploited. A combined interaction of the forces of product-mix, locational...
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...Project Report on US Recession and its Impact on Indian Economy Submitted to Prof. V.P.Singh Submitted By Sona Nair 38 Shrenik Shah 54 MansiKinjawdekar 32 ParleTilakVidyalaya’s Institute of Management Dixit Road, VileParle East,Mumbai-400057 Index Sr.no Table of Contents Page no 1. Introduction 2. Factors affecting Recession 3. Impact on Indian Economy 4. Corrective Steps taken to check Recession 5. Case Study- 6. Conclusion 7. Executive Summary 8. Bibliography INTRODUCTION What is Recession? A recession is a contraction phase of the business cycle. The official agency in charge of declaring that the economy is in a state of recession is the National Bureau of Economic Research (NBER). They define recession as a “A period of falling economic activity spread across the economy, lasting more than a few months, normally visible in real GDP, real income, employment, industrial production, and wholesale-retail sales.” This is normally visible in real GDP, real income, employment, industrial production, and wholesale-retail sales. For this reason, the official designation of recession may not come until after we are in a recession for six months or even longer. Some economists also suggest that a recession occurs when the natural growth rate in GDP is less than the average of 2%. Typically, a normal economic recession lasts for approximately 1 year. The newspapers in America often quote theThumbRulethat...
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...in the two world’s. In the developing countries the vast majority of the population is left to fend for itself and create employment out of its own ingenuity, skills and capital. This leads to vast differences in the nature of employment and the creation of dualistic structure of ‘formal’and ‘informal’ components of the labour market. A large proportion of the workforce is in the unorganised or informal sector. These workers are engaged in economic activities with lower productivity resulting in lower incomes. They are also engaged in activities with less stable employment contracts (including the self-employed) and fewer social security benefits. While the wages and salaries of the formal sector workers are periodically revised to counter inflation. No such benefits accrue to the large proportion of workers in the unorganised sector. Inspite of growing literature on the informal sector, there are several gaps not only with respect to the data on the size of the sector, but also with respect to the concept and definition of informal sector, characteristics of the sector, its contribution to the national economy and the areas for...
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...Employee Compensation Practices in Industrial Enterprises of Bangladesh: A Public-Private Sector Comparison Mir Mohammed Nurul Absar*, Zahed Husain Sikder**, Balasundaram Nimalathasan***, Mohammed Moniruzzaman Bhuiyan**** * East Delta University, 1267/A Goshaildanga, Agrabad, Chittagong, Bangladesh e-mail: mmnabsar@yahoo.com ** Department of Management Studies, University of Chittagong, Bangladesh e-mail: zahidsikder@aiub.edu *** Department of Commerce, University of Jaffna, Thirunelveli, Jaffna, Sri Lanka e-mail: bnimalathasan@yahoo.com **** Department of Statistics, University of Chittagong, Bangladesh e-mail: bhuiyan_mz@yahoo.com Abstract Compensation is one the most important functions of human resource management (HRM). The present study aimed at exploring differences between the public and private sector industrial enterprises of Bangladesh with respect to overall status of compensation practices. Data collected from twenty-six public and thirty-four private industrial enterprises shows that the overall status of compensation practices of the private sector industrial enterprises is significantly better than that of the public sector industrial enterprises in Bangladesh. Some implications are also offered for overall improvement of the compensation practices of the public and private sector industrial enterprises of Bangladesh. Key words: compensation, public sector, private sector, industrial enterprises JEL Classification: M12 Introduction Employee compensation...
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...GLOBALIZATION AND ITS IMPACT ON INFORMAL SECTOR Submitted By: Ameen Gupta- 2009tt10774 Parvej- 2009tt10813 Siddarth Sachdeva- 2009ph10746 INTRODUCTION Globalization comes up with the process of more interconnection between various entities like nations, organizations, individuals, etc. This interaction creates the migration of human resources, technology transfer, capital flow, etc. Thereby, this process of globalization results in the increase in quality, quantity or production and thus makes various organizations profitable. In the race of survival, it enhances the competition level among various players in terms of their brand value set according to the needs of the people. This phenomenon of competition plays a crucial role for these existing service providing players as well as for the end consumer or public at large. For service providing players, it decides the cost benefit analysis and makes it less generally due to the presence of various other players simultaneously. For public, it makes things easily available and at comparatively low prices of varied varieties. The phenomenon of globalization also generates employment. These jobs are largely created in formal sectors. It also results in employment increase in the informal sector. The formal sector is directly visible in a country and is under scrutiny and supervision of the government through various trade and tax laws. This sector provides people the job security, standard working conditions and wage...
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...Labour Organization (ILO) introduced the concept of the informal sector more than 25 years ago. The informal sector has been understood to mean very small-scale units producing and distributing goods and services, and consisting largely of independent, self-employed producers in urban and rural areas of developing countries, some of which also employ family labour and/or few hired workers or apprentices; which operates with very little capital or none at all; which utilize a low level of technology and skills; which therefore operates at a low level of productivity; and which generally provides very low and irregular income and highly unstable employment to those who work in it. It also includes activities that are carried out without formal approval from authorities and escape the administrative machinery responsible for enforcing legislation and similar instruments. [1] The informal sector, with its enterprising individuals and groups, can be seen as counterbalancing cure to many ill effects of globalization. [2] Firstly, the informal sector absorbs all the victims of globalization—displaced workers, forced retirees, educated unemployed and many more. While the informal sector cannot offer jobs, it can offer income opportunities. In this sense, the informal sector is itself a safety net. Secondly, the informal sector cushions the impact of globalization on the surviving formal sector. It provides a counterbalance that reduces the impact of high inflation...
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...HISTORIA AGRARIA· 25 • Diciembre 2001 • pp. 89-120 • © SEHA La financiación del desarrollo agrario valenciano, 1750-1914 Joaquim Cuevas 1. INTRODUCCiÓN El papel desempeñado por el sector financiero en los procesos de desarrollo económico tiene una importante tradición en la literatura económica europea, que por lo que se refiere a la agricultura se originó hacia mitad del siglo XIX a raíz de la ampliación y transformación del mercado agrario mundial y sus consecuencias sobre los productores. En España este fenómeno fue mayor si cabe, debido a la evidente falta de asistencia financiera que soportaba una buena parte del sector. En términos generales, el análisis de la financiación agraria española ha mostrado la ineficacia de los múltiples proyectos institucionales en la materia y el predominio de los mecanismos crediticios informales hasta bien entrado el siglo XX. Sobre estas bases puede trazarse un panorama en el que el desarrollo de iniciativas financieras orientadas hacia el sector agrario en los últimos doscientos años ha sido el resultado de circunstancias puntuales y no generalizables al conjunto del país, en consonancia con el retraso estructural de la sociedad y economía nacional respecto a la Europa más desarrollada. El resultado no podía ser otro que el de un sector poco capitalizado y desasistido financieramente en el que una parte de los productores quedaban atrapados en la lógica de la usura. La agricultura valenciana tuvo una profunda y desigual transformación durante...
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...………………………. 1 I.1. Geographical Location ………………………. 2 I.2. Structure of GDP ………………………. 3 I.3. Economic policies ………………………. 4 A. Trade policy ………………………. 5 B. Industrial Policy ………………………. 6 C. Foreign Direct Investment Regime ………………………. 7 D. Privatization Policy ………………………. 8 E. Government Procurement Policy ………………………. 9 F. Labour Policy ………………………. 10 G. Competition Policy ………………………. 11 CHAPTER II NATURE OF MARKET/COMPETITION ………………………. 12 II.1 Agriculture ………………………. 13 II.2. Manufacturing ………………………. 14 II.2.1 Pharmaceutical Sector ………………………. 15 II.2.2 Toiletries Sector ………………………. 16 II.2.3 Tobacco Sector ………………………. 17 II.3 Financial Services ………………………. 18 II.4 Power ………………………. 19 II.5 Telecommunications ………………………. 20 II.6 Transportation ………………………. 21 II.7 Health Services ………………………. 22 CHAPTER III SECTORAL POLICIES ………………………. 23 III.1 Financial Services ………………………. 24 III.2 Power ………………………. 25 III.3 Telecommunications ………………………. 26 III.4 Transportation ………………………. 27 III.5 Observations ………………………. 28 CHAPTER IV CONSUMER POLICY ………………………. 29 CHAPTER V ANTI-COMPETITIVE PRACTICES PREVAILING IN BANGLADESH …………….. 30 CHAPTER VI PERSPECTIVES ON COMPETITION POLICY ………………………...
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...argument of this essay is that there is ample scope for improving the country’s privatization program. The terms and conditions of sale must be well defined and upheld. The potential buyers must have access to material information about the firms. The financial sector must be disciplined. In order to show the importance of financial sector discipline, empirical findings on the debtdefault status of privatized enterprises in Bangladesh are presented. The proceeds from privatization can be used for workers’ compensation and labor training since in the short-run labor retrenchment due to dismissal of excess workforce may lead to social and political problems unless alternative arrangements are available for workers. Prudential regulatory environment is required to protect the interests of the consumers when public monopolies are transferred to the private sector. Privatization program needs to be carried out within a defined time frame. The effectiveness of the privatization program has to be assessed on the basis of (a) microeconomic results in terms of improved firm-level productive efficiency and allocative efficiency, and (b) macro-economic results in terms of reduced fiscal burden and improved asset quality of the banking sector. This essay concludes by pointing out that privatization should...
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...Bangladesh Software and IT Service Industry Recent Trends & Dynamics Software and IT service industry in Bangladesh has crossed a long road over the last few decades. It has matured. The industry no more remains at the sideline. It joined the mainstream. Not only the industry is contributing significantly in the national income, but also it has been playing very crucial role in creating high quality employment for a sizable portion of young graduates of the country. The presence of high number of young entrepreneurs is one of the distinctive features of this industry. In last decade many tech savvy young graduates, some of them returning from abroad after finishing education, have started their IT ventures. Despite various local and global challenges, these young spirited entrepreneurs have done remarkably well in building sustainable business organizations through their hard work and passion. Surely, the enthusiasm and resilience of the young entrepreneurs are the main driving force of Bangladesh IT industry. Snapshot of the Industry: Size, Composition and Market According to BASIS survey, there are over 800 registered software and ITES (IT Enabled Service) companies in Bangladesh. There are another few hundred of unregistered small and home-based software and IT ventures doing business for both local and international markets. Chart 1 Bangladesh Software and ITES Industry 800 + Enterprise no. Software 44% 56% Tk. 1,800 crore + (US$ 250 million) Revenue...
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...BUSINESS CASE TEMPLATE Provision of Mailing Services to [insert organisation name] Business case - explanation • This document will help postal procurement personnel to detail the potential benefits (financial and non-financial) and costs involved in improving their postal services • It can be used to secure commitment from senior management for changes required to improve performance • It is intended to be a guide and will require completion and tailoring by individual organisations • It draws on the NAO report, “Improving the Efficiency of Postal Services in the Public Sector”, which can be referred to for more information • Note, use of [ ] denotes information that must be completed by the user. Examples have been inserted into this document as a guide to indicate the type of information you may wish to consider inputting. Business case - Contents • Objectives and scope • Summary (including quantified financial and non-financial benefits) • Value levers • Benefits (quantified, where possible, over time) • Implementation tasks and project plan • Key barriers • “Reference” customers • Methodology • Assumptions Business case – Objectives and scope • To reduce spend on postal services • To increase the quality of postal services • This work focuses on postal procurement and management covering mail services • The organisation may...
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...Advantages of Ecommerce Paper Hector A. Nevarez University of Phoenix MKT-552 Technology Applications & E-Marketing Prof. Edgardo Colon Ayala 2 de noviembre de 2012 La Internet es una herramienta muy importante dentro del mercadeo, ya que nos permite a través de las redes poder comercializar nuestro producto y hasta dirigir al mismo al segmento que queremos impactar con la creación de un website donde se pueda colocar nuestros productos, su información y hasta podemos recibir la opinión o sugerencias de nuestro mercado. Siempre luego de realizar nuestro plan de mercado y tener listas las estrategias de mercadeo para nuestro producto es bien importante que se incluya en nuestro plan el internet como herramienta y avance en la tecnología. El producto que he seleccionado es el de las cámaras y alarmas de seguridad para propiedades ya sea comerciales y residenciales. Actualmente la ola criminal ha ido aumentando y este servicio es un conveniente y necesario para muchas personas o familias, padres y jefes de familia que quieren lo mejor para los suyos por lo que dentro de los servicios de seguridad esta lo que se llama un monitoreo en el cual es necesario la tecnología para poder ofrecerle a nuestros clientes el servicio necesario y accesible para su seguridad. Nuestro servicio se presenta en la internet como uno necesario en la actualidad, se le ofrece al cliente un breve resumen del servicio desde la instalación, los diferentes modelos de sistemas de seguridad, desde...
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...Herramientas análisis estratégico Contenido Herramientas análisis estratégico 1 Las 5 fuerzas de Porter 2 Las fuerzas competitivas de Porter en detalle. 3 1. Poder de negociación de los clientes. 3 2. Poder de negociación de los proveedores. 3 3. Amenaza de nuevos entrantes. 3 4. Amenaza de productos sustitutivos. 4 5. Rivalidad entre los competidores. 4 Competencia positiva y competencia destructiva. 4 La matriz de McKinsey 6 Elementos que integra la Matriz de McKinsey 8 La estrategia del Océano azul 10 1. Océanos rojos y océanos azules. 10 2. ¿Cómo desarrollar una estrategia de océano azul? 11 3. El lienzo estratégico y el túnel del precio 13 La teoría de juegos 15 Historia 15 Equilibrio de Nash 15 El dilema del prisionero 16 El dilema de Monty Hall 16 Matriz PEST 17 Matriz del Boston Consulting Group 21 Contenido 21 Descripción de la Herramienta... 21 Matriz de Boston Consulting Group respecto a otras herramientas 23 Las 5 fuerzas de Porter Las 5 Fuerzas de Porter es un modelo holístico desarrollado por Michael Porter, para analizar cualquier industria en términos de rentabilidad. Según Porter indicó en 1979, la rivalidad con los competidores viene dada por cuatro elementos o fuerzas que combinadas crean una quinta fuerza: la rivalidad entre los competidores. Las cinco fuerzas quedarían configuradas como sigue: 1. (F1) Poder de negociación de los clientes. 2. (F2) Poder de negociacion de los proveedores. ...
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...Prior to 1988 there was virtually no private sector in Russia or throughout the former Soviet Union. To take part in all but the most basic private sector activities was illegal. All productive assets, including land, industrial enterprises, homes and farms were in theory owned by “the people” (Leonard, Watson, 2013). This statement essentially sums up how privatized firms would be met if de-privatization becomes law. Their investment firms would become illegal and they would have to explore other ways to work within the law or dissolve. If we explore free markets they would be Pareto efficient and would favor the young. However, it would hurt the politically charged groups from the old regime like government officials. (Brickley, Smith, Zimmerman, 2009). Mass privatization was an excellent solution to the problem that state ownership was omnipresent and domestic wealth holders were insufficient to buy the assets. The mass privatization strategy also facilitated an extremely speedy ownership change in most transition economies, as few countries had contained a private sector of any significance in 1990 (Leonard, Watson, 2013). This information makes de-privatization favorable in my opinion. While privatization seems excellent, it stifles future growth and limits opportunities for all. The process to transition should be gradual and well thought out. Privatized companies run a large risk of losing their business if a violation is made. Politicians and Soviet era managers...
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