...The Effects of Exercise in Obese Women with Bulimia Nervosa Eating disorder and Obesity characterized by frequent episodes of binge eating are also part of a range of weight related problems. Life is a constant battle between the desires to lose weight. The dissatisfaction and unhealthy dieting practices are linked to the development of eating disorders, obesity and other problems. Obesity is the number one problem for those who are in a constant battle; many obese people who lose large amounts of weight and gain it back think it is their fault. They blame themselves for not having the will power to keep the weight off. Many people regain more weight than they lost because they become obsessed with food. A person who suffers from obesity follows an unhealthy diet, and has an eating disorder all at the same time, and that is how they eventually end up with Bulimia. This illness which is when the person binges on food or has regular episodes of over eating and feels out of control. The person then uses different method such as vomiting or abusing laxatives to prevent weight gain. The case study that I am going to be researching and writing a paper on is Bulimia nervosa and how it can be extremely harmful for the body. The study focuses on how physical exercise can help overweight patients with bulimia. Also whether it is beneficial or if it is not beneficial for those who suffer from it. This case also demonstrated what physical exercise can do to them in six weeks which is...
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...tissue secreting cytokines (Niklas et al, 2005), decreased circulatory levels of interleukin-10 (IL-10), and elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. (4) This essays aims to show the role that exercise can play in reducing inflammation, and will examine this effect in an obese, type II diabetic population. This reduced inflammation will be looked at in terms of three different mechanisms; the first is a reduction of visceral fat from exercise, leading to a decrease in adipokine secretion, the second is the increased release of anti-inflammatory cytokines from skeletal muscle contraction, and the third is the release of adrenal hormones, leading to a release of anti-inflammatory catecholamines. Inflammation can be acute or chronic and is indicated by a ‘two-to four-fold increase in circulating pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines’ (Woods et al, 2009) and by the presence of proteins such as CRP. The inflammation response can be due to trauma or as a result of factors such as obesity. Obesity can lead to persistent low-grade inflammation, as adipokines expand in visceral fat. This leads to an increase of the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g. IL-6 and TNF) and a decrease in anti-inflammatory molecules (e.g. IL-10 and Cortisol). Exercise has been shown to have the opposite effect to this, reducing the amount of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the blood. Type II Diabetes, or...
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...Exercise and Obesity Obesity is a serious medical condition that affects adults and children. In United States there is two-thirds of adults that is obese and about a quarter of 2-5 years old and one-third of school age children that is obese. There is many health problems that come from being obese. Those health problems are diabetes, high blood pressure, coronary heart disease and even have a stroke. There are ways to prevent obesity by exercising, eating healthy and preventing health problems. Physical exercise is important for adult and children who are obese. One reason why physical exercise will help is so that you can control weight gain. Another reason is to burn fat so it will not cause health issues. Some people feel that they have to exercise for hours and hours of the day but it’s not true. If you exercise for 30 minutes a day it can benefit you. Ways to exercise is by walking, going up and down stairs and even stretch to help strengthen muscles and bones. It’s very important that children who are obese exercise daily because it is a high risk that they will be obese for their entire live. Eating healthy and cutting down on portion will also help prevent obesity. Obesity effects children on many different levels to where emotional stress takes place. Some children may get teased on in school which causes children to eat more and do less physical activities. For adults they also experience emotional stress because of problems they may be going through such as...
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...on unhealthy and healthy eating habits of obese children, and the effects of parenting towards childhood obesity as well as ways to overcome childhood obesity. In the United States there has been a rise in childhood obesity, but whose fault is it? Some parents blame fast food restaurants such as McDonalds, saying their food is unhealthy and the portions are too big. However, on the first part the blame for childhood obesity should be on the parents. Although fast food restaurants do paly a small part in childhood obesity, it is up to the parents to determine what they allow their children to eat. Parents should stop blaming fast food restaurants for childhood obesity when healthy eating habits should be enforced at home. Childhood obesity is a rising serious medical condition that affects children and adolescents. Approximately 15 percent of U.S. children, ages 6–11, and 16 percent of U.S. adolescents, ages 12–19, are obese (Encyclopedia of Special Education, 2006). Childhood obesity occurs when a child is above the normal weight for his or her age and height. Obesity appears when a child eats constantly more far more calories than he can burn and start gaining extra pounds. The main problem is that nowadays children tend to do fewer exercises and move less than in previous years; this way, they have no possibility to burn the fats and the calories. About one third of American children and 15% of teenagers are overweight or obese. A variety of factors contributes...
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...Running head: HIGH PROTEIN DIETS HAVE GOOD RESULTS FOR OBESE WOMEN High Protein Diets Have Good Results for Obese Women Currently in the U.S. a high protein/low carbohydrate diet is the number one choice of diet and most weight loss programs are using the same concept. For example Jenny Craig, Lindora, Atkins and Zone are some popular diets that focus on high protein/low carbohydrate. High protein diets consist of 10% – 35% of total calorie intake from protein. These type of diets are popular because they satisfy hunger and the weight comes off rapidly. In additional to satisfying hunger and losing weight these diets were found to have additional health benefits for women. Research suggests that high protein diets have positive results for obese women because they reduces the risk for diabetes type 2, decrease the incidence of cardiovascular disease, and helps women retain muscle mass. One of the major health benefits from a high protein diet is that it can prevent a woman from developing Diabetes type II or if a woman has type II diabetes it can be controlled with the diet. Type II Diabetes is a chronic disease in which there are high levels of glucose in the blood. The body will still make insulin but as time goes by the pancreas will make less and less insulin which makes it harder to keep blood glucose (sugar) under control. This can be acquired by a diet high in carbohydrates and being overweight. Kerksick et al. 2010 stated that “studies which incorporated...
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...Health Risks, Prevention, and Lack of Exercise; Childhood Obesity Jessica Higginson ENG 122 English Instructor Patricia Vineski Sept. 30, 2012 Childhood obesity is a growing problem that if controlled, children today can be and stay healthy. Over the past three decades childhood obesity has increased dramatically and is still climbing. Obesity is defined as “an increase in body weight beyond the limitation of skeletal and physical requirements, as the result of excessive accumulation of body fat.” (Saunders, 2007) According to the medical dictionary, mildly obese is twenty to forty percent over ideal weight; moderately obese is forty to one hundred percent over; and severely/morbidly obese is over one hundred percent. (p. 1) Childhood obesity is a serious medical condition that affects children more today than ever before. The extra pounds children are carrying around starts them on the path to health problems. Heath problems that were “adult” problems have now become a bigger problem in children. More children are developing health related problems due to bad eating habits and lack of exercise. Childhood obesity causes serious complications, the risk of illness, and even a shorter life span. These are the ways to help prevent childhood obesity, health risks, and issues associated with the lack of exercise. Childhood is an important period of life to deal with obesity. As it is today more than thirty percent of children are overweight. The International Obesity Task...
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...Dani Park Kines 1 M 2:00pm – 4:50pm Critical Thinking Paper Obesity In America Obesity is one of the most commonly discussed issues in America today. According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 68.8 percent of adults are overweight and 35.7 percent are obese. Also, 31.8 percent of American children and adolescents are overweight and 16.9 percent are obese. Moreover, the U.S Centers for Disease Control and Prevention warn if Americans do not change their diet and living habits, 42 percent of Americans will be obese by the year 2030. The two main causes of obesity in America are due to diet and lifestyle. For example, fast food contains extremely high levels of fat, calories and carbohydrates that one's body doesn't need, and the lack of exercise only serves to compliment these reasons for becoming obese. However, the side effects of obesity go beyond just being overweight or having an increased risk for developing serious health conditions. Obesity in America is a crucial issue that has many causes and effects. The most significant reason that is primarily responsible for obesity is an unhealthy diet, because it fails to provide the correct amounts and types of nutrients for a healthy body's maintenance. Instead, it provides unhealthy fats and toxins that only serve to slow the body down. For example, fast food contains calories that may exceed the daily needs in just one meal, along with sodium, cholesterol, trans fats, sugars and other unhealthful...
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...Development April 12, 2012 Amber Hamilton Child Obesity The effect of obesity in children is becoming an immense issue in our communities today. The number of obese children continues to rise and in fact has more than tripled within the last 20 years. Today, there are up to 33% of children who are obese, if not more. Unfortunately, this affects our children physically, mentally, and long-term. Obesity is not specifically just being a few pounds overweight. A child is considered obese when his or her weight compared to height is abnormal by ten pounds. Obesity commonly begins in children between the ages of five and six. Unfortunately genetics can often be a factor in childhood obesity although other environmental factors come into play as well. If a child has poor eating habits, this may result in little or no energy for exercise, and emotional complications such as depression and anger, as well as medical conditions such as diabetes, and many others. It is inevitable that childhood obesity will have some health effects that can become very serious with time. A common condition found in morbidly obese children is metabolic syndrome which is many conditions that may lead to heart disease, high blood pressure, cholesterol, and access abdominal fat. Although it may not seem common, heart disease seen children who are obese is not shockingly rare. When a child has poor eating habits and no exercise, it is common for high blood pressure and high cholesterol to arise...
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...Obesity in Children After reading the material for this week, the student began to research obesity in middle childhood. The student discovered the causes of middle childhood obesity, the effect of obesity on a child’s health, psychosocial, and cognitive development, and ways to counteract obesity in middle childhood. The student has provided information on obesity solutions in her area, a national program to help stop childhood obesity, and has suggested other ways to help stop childhood obesity. The Causes of Childhood Obesity Genetic factors contribute to childhood obesity (Parke & Gauvain, 2009). Obese children often remain obese throughout his or her lives. Children suffering from obesity often have obese biological parents. Children adopted by normal-weight adoptive parents may become obese if the child’s biological parents are obese. According to Parke and Gauvain (2009), studies have shown that infants who have overweight parents are more responsive to the difference between sweet-tasting solutions and water. The preference for sweets at a young age increases the risk of childhood obesity. Middle childhood obesity also derives from the child’s role-model’s eating pattern and behavior (Parke & Gauvain, 2009). If the parent or role-model is eating junk food, lives a sedentary life, and watches too much television, the child is likely to do the same. Parents encouraging and prompting children to eat more because of his or her size contributes to child obesity...
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...Childhood Obesity: A Preventable Disease Childhood obesity is at an all time high today. Children who have a body weight ten percent higher than what is recommended or have a BMI in the 95th percentile or above are considered to be obese. One out of three children in the United States are considered overweight or obese. Eighty percent of these obese children remain obese adults, leading to severe health problems and possibly an early death (Schifferdecker, 2008). The current obesity epidemic has produced a generation of children that may be the first to have a life expectancy shorter than their parents (Gance-Cleveland, Gilbert, & Kopanos, 2010). This disease not only effects a child’s psychological well being, but also leads to many serious health issues within the body’s systems. The cardiovascular system, endocrine system and respiratory system are the most effected systems in a child with obesity (Statters, 1996). Children with obesity are at risk for lifelong health complications. Nurses have a responsibly to educate children and their parents on the dangers of this disease and the steps which can be taken to prevent it. The cardiovascular system is composed of the heart, arteries and veins; it is responsible for the circulation of blood, throughout the entire body. The arteries carry blood away from the heart and the veins carry blood back to the heart. This system plays a vital role in the delivery of nutrients and the removal of waste in the body. The heart is the...
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...Nutrition and Exercise and Their Effects on Obesity Management Roland Colburn AHS 401 Literature review Dr. Elder Abstract This study was important because it addressed the issues of obesity and what can be carried out to prevent it. Obesity has become cone of the nations most widespread epidemics and it continues to grow. In this study 20 peer-reviewed articles were chosen on obesity and nutrition, and then the articles were analyzed and broken down into a basic concept of obesity prevention. Most articles contained proper nutrition, exercise, and dietary guidance. After thorough research, it became evident that proper nutrition and exercise were basic necessities in combating the obesity epidemic. Introduction Obesity is one of the leading public concerns within the United States, and for a great reason, almost two-thirds of the population is either overweight or obese, and the numbers are continuously rising.(Carels et al. 2008). Obesity has been linked to many different health issues, including the number one killer in America, heart disease. Obesity has been a growing problem over the past few years, which has led many to try and reduce or reverse the incline in obesity. The programs implemented, as of late, to reduce the number considered obese have failed.(Crombie 1999). American society continues to grow in the obesity rates, which has in turn generated an increase...
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...problem that cannot be ignored. In order to solve this problem, balanced diet and exercise therapy are effective methods. The main cause of obesity in children and adults are similar, except to genetic reason, defective eating and living behaviors will also bring greater influence. Nowadays, people are concerned about supplement nutrition; however, improper intake can easily lead to nutritional imbalances. People could often see a variety of nutritional supplement advertisements, but some of them are not suitable for young children. If children eat those supplements for long-term, excessive intake of nutrients will cause the obesity. In addition, fast food and snacks are also another important reason for childhood obesity. Most of fast-food and snack mean high fat, high sugar, and high calorie, excessive consumption of these foods will make a significant increase in body weight. At the same time, many children spent a lot of time in front of television or computer screen. At least for these children, it takes up opportunities for physical activity. This is what scientists call a “fat” environment contributed to children who have associated genes gain weight. If parents do not take appropriate treatment, obesity will bring harmful effects to children’s growth and health. In the case of childhood obesity, adjust children’s diet and exercise therapy will be good choices. Dietary treatment of obese children, should limit energy...
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...poor eating habits and the lack of exercise. This disease affects adults and children in the United States (Evans2006). Obesity is the state of being well above one’s normal weight. Children are becoming sick and being overweight because of this condition. ( medterms 2008). Everyday one in four children (from ages 5 to 18) eats fast food. As a result, children are gaining extra pounds daily while increasing the risk of obesity. Child obesity from fast food consumptions is an issue for parents because of the health risks associated by obesity. Fast food products contain higher fats, carbohydrates, sugars, and calories than any other products. As a result, children of all ages worldwide are accumulating excess weight because of unbalanced nutrients found in these products. According to several studies, child obesity from fast foods is a major problem because children consume over 120 extra calories daily. Poor nutritional habits are one of the important reasons for childhood obesity. Television and Video games Another problem that could lead to obesity is playing video games and watching television. Many children sit in front of the television many hours unsupervised and they tend to eat more. The growth of technology has taken the place of play exercise. Watching television or playing video games requires less effort on their part. Children are still growing and they need to exercise more so that they would not get obese. Television brings the child’s...
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... to the extent that it may have a negative effect on health, leading to reduced life expectancy and/or increased health problems. One of the consequences of obesity is the reduced mobility. Larger size and body weight to carry around makes travel difficult and movement requires a lot more effort and energy than it would otherwise. The extra weight makes walking difficult, as when walking it is as if you are carrying your weight with you. This also happens because obesity can cause breathlessness or fatigue. This reduces a person’s quality of life as they cannot easily leave the home, to walk to the shops for groceries and other necessities, or to visit others, especially as increased size makes it difficult to take a car or public transport. Mobility scooters are a short-term solution to this, although they give the user no exercise and therefore encourage the condition to remain/continue. It is far more beneficial for an obese patient to seek exercise whenever they can, as this could solve the issue itself. Exercise programmes are accessible across the UK and US designed especially for the obese or overweight, many available through the NHS. The NHS exercise schemes promote easy exercise, such as walking and ‘home exercise’ (short cardio, sit ups, etc.). Other exercise programmes include YMCAfit, although some others may have a fee. School initiatives have also been set up to reduce child obesity, which in turn encourages exercise for life and reduces obesity. School initiatives...
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...James McGarry 11/9/11 Exercise Testing and Prescription Research review #3 Wycherley T, Noakes M, Clifton P, Cleanthous X, Keogh J, Brinkworth G. (201). A high-protein diet with resistance exercise training improves weight loss and body composition in overweight and obese patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2010 May [Cited 2011 Nov. 8]; 33(5):969-976. Retrieved from: http://care.diabetesjournals.org/content/33/5/969.full.pdf html. This article is about a study that was conducted which examined the effects of a high protein: low carbohydrate diet and a low protein: high carbohydrate diet, with or without a resistance exercise training program, on body composition, weight-loss, and cardiovascular disease in overweight/obese men and women suffering from type II diabetes. This correlates with our exercise testing and prescription course, because the study consisted of various testing methods that we have used in class in order to assess BMI, fat mass, waist circumference, etc… This specifically ties into muscular fitness, because in order for the participants to complete the resistance training regimen, they were instructed to complete a one-repetition maximum test in order to set an initial baseline value. The initial purpose of this study was to compare the effects of a caloric restricted high protein diet and a caloric restricted high carbohydrate diet, with or without resistance training, on weight loss, body composition, cardiovascular disease, and the...
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