...airport the busiest in the world between 10 pm and 3 am. People living near the airport began complaining about a whole range of discordant sounds, from the banshee wail of taxing jets to the ceiling shaking thunder of the engines on takeoff. Noise pollution became an unfortunate side effect of the jet age. The U.S. began enacting legislative controls with the Aircraft Noise Abatement Act in 1968. This authorized the FAA to prescribe standards for the measurement of aircraft noise. This act was later modified by the Noise Control Act of 1972 which now required consultation with the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). "The Congress declares that it is the policy of the United States to promote an environment for all Americans free from noise that jeopardizes their health or welfare" (Noise Control Act of 1972). Other federal programs provided money for noise reduction projects such as sound proofing nearby buildings to include homes and schools, and land acquisition to acquire homes surrounding airport property and relocating them to quieter locations (Government Accountability Office, [GAO], 2001). Land use guidelines and zoning laws addressed land use in the...
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...CARRIERS’ Responsibilities to the Disabled—The Ninth Circuit Establishes Criteria for Federal Preemption Under the ACAA to Give Discrimination Victim Her Day in Court Kelsey M. Taylor I. Introduction In Gilstrap v. United Air Lines, Inc., the Ninth Circuit saved a discrimination victim’s suit from dismissal when it held that state-law tort claims against an air carrier were not preempted by federal law. The panel did agree with the lower court that an airline terminal is not a “place of public accommodation” governed by the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA). Nevertheless, the court concluded that the plaintiff could sustain her action against the airline under state law for injuries she allegedly received due to the carrier’s violations of the Airline Carrier Access Act (ACAA)—despite the fact that the ACAA itself does not provide for a private right of action. II. Background: ADA v. ACAA In 1990, Congress enacted the ADA “to provide a clear and comprehensive national mandate for the elimination of discrimination against individuals with disabilities.” Title III of the ADA specifically prohibits discrimination in “public accommodations,” i.e., publicly accessible yet privately owned businesses. Examples of these “public accommodations” include “terminal[s], depot[s], or other station[s] used for specified public transportation.” Notably, however, transportation by aircraft is expressly excluded from the definition of “public transportation,” and therefore...
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...(1) What is the relevance of the particular case under discussion? Why should students spend their time reading it? Why is this case significant? This case shows the importance of accountability within public administration. As well as the protection of the public. On page 18 of “American Public Administration: Public Service for the 21st Century” Robert Cropf asks “How do we ensure that bureaucrats remain accountable?” A tough question to answer in the face of political agendas at work in our society. This case is an example of how public servants are manipulated into activities and behaviors which favor business at the expense of public safety. It is a lesson which every public servant especially those higher up the chain must learn and remain steadfast in their avoidance of learning once more. Additionally, this case is significant in that public servants are not immune to prosecution for their crimes or their perceived acts of good intentions. “While the labels differ, most working in this area agree that governmental, political, or state crimes are illegal or socially injurious acts committed for the benefit of a state or its agencies, not for the personal gain of some individual agent of the state” (Matthews, R., & Kauzlarich, D., 2000). (2) What are the basic chronology of facts in the case? What is the basic sequence of events? Jan 31, 1996, ValuJet purchased two MD-82s and one MD-83 on Feb. 1, 1996. The three airplanes were transported to the Saber Tech...
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...The effectiveness of Canada’s Federal Political System is important for all Canadian citizens. The federal political system can either be efficient, or not. In this case, by observing what the political system does for its citizens, I believe it is effective. But what makes the federal political system useful? Canada’s government ensures that Canadians rights are protected. As well, they connect with their citizens through many ways. Lastly Canada’s federal political system, makes sure that all of our voices are heard. That is why I believe that the federal system runs Canada effectively. Federal system ensures all Canadian rights are protected. The three branches of the federal government have large roles to make sure a bill doesn't...
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...In 1991, the Supreme Court significantly departed from previous precedent and ruled that arbitration clauses in employment disputes are enforceable. Today, arbitration agreements (except for those in the transportation industry) are enforceable so long as certain due process conditions are met. First, this paper will discuss the current state of the law including policy considerations that are currently debated among scholars regarding arbitration agreements. Second, this paper will discuss requirements for an enforceable arbitration agreement. II. From Gilmer Onward: Current Arbitration Clause Issues A. The Current State of the Law –FAA, Gilmer and Circuit City In 1925, Congress enacted the Federal Arbitration Act of 1925 (FAA) with the intent to eliminate judicial hostility against arbitration agreements. The FAA authorizes arbitration except “to...
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...HR and Business Acronyms AA 1.) Affirmative Action 2.) Adverse Action AACU American Association of Colleges and Universities AAO Affirmative Action Office AAP Affirmative Action Plan AAR Average Annual Return AARP American Association of Retired Persons ABF Asset Based Financing ABM Activity Based Management ABMS Activities Based Management System ABS Asset Backed Security ACH Automated Clearing House AD & D Accidental Death and Dismemberment ADA Americans with Disabilities Act ADEA Age Discrimination and Employment Act ADL Activities of Daily Living ADP Automatic Data Processing ADR Alternative Dispute Resolution AE Account Executive AED United Arab Emirates AFL-CIO American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations AFSCME American Federation of State, County and Municipal Employers AJB Americas Job Bank ALC Alien Labor Certification ALEX Automated Labor Exchange ALJ Administrative Law Judge ALM Asset Liability Management AM Asset Management AMA 1.) American Management Association 2.) American Medical Association AMPS Auction Market Preferred Stock ANSI American National Standards Institute AP Accounts Payable AR Accounts Receivable APB Accounting Principles Board APR Annual Percentage Rate APV Adjusted Present Value APY Annual Percentage Yield ASAE American Society of Association Executives ASB Accounting Standards Board ASHHRA American Society for Healthcare Human Resources Administration ...
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...***AFF*** ***1AC*** Inherency – 1AC Contention one: Inherency The new FAA bill cut funding for the AIP, which will cripple our airport infrastructure – rapid investment is critical PRINCIPATO ‘12 - president, Airports Council International-North America; M.A. in International Relations from University of Chicago; International Trade and Transportation specialist, Hunton & Williams (Greg, “Why we should invest today in 'Airports Inc.'”. March. http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/labor/218525-faa-why-we-should-invest-today-in-airports-inc) With the latest Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) forecast predicting a doubling of passengers and cargo by 2030, the current funding system is not up to the job of ensuring airports will have the infrastructure they need to handle such dramatic increases in traffic. This will have far-reaching consequences. Commercial airports are powerful economic engines, generating 10.5 million jobs and $1.2 trillion for the U.S. economy, according to a new Airports Council International-North America study. Across the country, workers and businesses count on local airports to attract investment and move people and goods around the world. Since 2001, the total number of jobs associated with airports has increased by more than 50 percent. Despite unprecedented growth and clear evidence of the economic benefits of infrastructure investments, airports expect to have $80 billion in unmet needs through 2015 because of the flawed system...
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...Whistleblowing and Sarbanes-Oxley Act Michelle M. Webb Dr. Boneita Campbell LEG500 Law, Ethics, and Corporate Governance April 20, 2015 . Week 3 Assignment 1: Whistleblowing and Sarbanes-Oxley Act Who are Whistleblowers and what do they do? Could you be a Whistleblower? There are several definitions for the term whistleblower. The most accurate and significant definitions to the subject of this paper are the definition given by the Black’s Law Dictionary and the one by the Whistleblower Protection Act (WPA). The Black’s Law Dictionary defines a whistleblower as a worker who declines to participate in and informs on the unlawful and/or unjust actions of his co-workers or his employer ("The Law Dictionary", n.d.). The WPA defines whistleblowing as the disclosure of facts an employee deems proof of unlawful acts of, blatant misconduct, exploitation of authority, and could jeopardize public safety (Molzen, 2002). Over the years many U.S. workers have observed unlawful transgressions within the workplace and have come forward to report these actions. The actions of these noble citizens (whistleblowers) have been instrumental in saving enormous amounts of money and countless lives over the years. However, these whistleblowers fail to receive the recognition and admirations they deserve for doing the right thing. More often than not they are badgered, bullied, demoted, and terminated from their jobs for their efforts. Therefore, the act of whistleblowing is a decision...
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...3 COUNTERTERRORISM EVOLVES In chapte r 2, we described the growth of a new kind of terrorism, and a new terrorist organization—especially from 1988 to 1998, when Usama Bin Ladin declared war and organized the bombing of two U.S. embassies. In this chapter, we trace the parallel evolution of government efforts to counter terrorism by Islamic extremists against the United States. We mention many personalities in this report. As in any study of the U.S. government, some of the most important characters are institutions. We will introduce various agencies, and how they adapted to a new kind of terrorism. 3.1 FROM THE OLD TERRORISM TO THE NEW: THE FIRST WORLD TRADE CENTER BOMBING At 18 minutes after noon on February 26, 1993, a huge bomb went off beneath the two towers of the World Trade Center.This was not a suicide attack.The terrorists parked a truck bomb with a timing device on Level B-2 of the underground garage, then departed.The ensuing explosion opened a hole seven stories up. Six people died. More than a thousand were injured. An FBI agent at the scene described the relatively low number of fatalities as a miracle.1 President Bill Clinton ordered his National Security Council to coordinate the response. Government agencies swung into action to find the culprits.The Counterterrorist Center located at the CIA combed its files and queried sources around the world. The National Security Agency (NSA), the huge Defense Department signals collection agency, ramped up its communications...
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...destruction, over 3000 merciless deaths in New York City and Washington, and triggered the driving force behind major US initiatives to combat terrorism. Also, may view this horrific event as a defining moment in the presidency of George W. Bush. The first strike was on the North Tower of the World Trade Center. Flight 11, a Boeing 747 carrying 76,000 pounds of jet fuel and 92 passengers, was overtaken by five Arabic passengers, that was later discovered to have worked directly with al-Qaida leader, Osama bin Laden to both plan and give life to this attack. At 7:40 am the flight departed from Boston as normal, the flight maintained its course for the first thirteen minutes. Following this, the crew was not acknowledging communications with the FAA. Several attempts were made to communicate with the crew but no reply was received, with the exception of the sound of static and was thought to be a scream. Connection was finally made at 8:18am to Cary, North Carolina to the American Airlines office stating that the plane was being hijacked. Initially, the call was grossly mishandled; transferred to a colleague who began recording the conversation, and taken to a supervisor who then passed the call to the security office in Texas. The caller was senior flight attendant Betty Ong, who informed them that a passenger had been stabbed, which was later...
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...AN INVESTIGATION OF READING ACHIEVEMENT AND THE USE OF SUCCESSMAKER A DIGITAL READING PROGRAM A Dissertation Proposal Submitted to the Faculty of Argosy University Campus In Partial Fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Education By Jeanne Nelson Argosy University Sarasota Campus March, 2013 Dissertation Committee Approval: ------------------------------------------------- Dissertation Chair: Dr. Janice Powell Ed.D Date ------------------------------------------------- Committee Member: Dr. Denise Davis-Cotton Ed.D Date ------------------------------------------------- Program Chair: Dr. George Spagnola Ed.D Date TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF TABLES ii TABLE OF FIGURES vii TABLE OF APPENDICES ix CHAPTER ONE: THE PROBLEM AND ITS COMPONENTS 1 Introduction 1 Problem Background 1 Purpose of the Study 1 Problem Statement 2 Research Questions 2 Limitations and Delimitations 3 Definitions of Terms 4 Significance of the Study 8 Overview of Study 8 CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE 9 Introduction 10 Introduction to the i-Generation 12 Technology’s Role in School Reform 14 Technology and Student Achievement 19 Teaching Reading Through the use of Technology 23 Pearson’s Digital Learning Platform SuccessMaker 25 Summary 30 CHAPTER THREE: METHODOLOGY 31 Introduction 31 ...
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...AVIATION SAFETY PROGRAM Name Professor’s name Course Date Abstract The paper seeks to look into some of the critical issues concerning safety measures in the commercial aviation industry. It focuses more on the concept of stress in Air Traffic Controllers (ATC) and how high stress levels can affect the performance of ATCs. Further emphasis is laid on the various measures that can be put into place to address some of the safety issues in commercial aviation industry through the risk management strategies. Several aspects of the whole case arise in the whole program of addressing the issue. It becomes a matter of collective responsibility in the bid to address safety issues and come up with modalities to mitigate any safety threats in the future. At the end, we realize that all the players in the industry have the specific roles to play towards the program. Introduction In an increasingly competitive global environment, where the scramble for resources and the search for tangible opportunities seem to have overtaken any other global undertaking, the importance of commercial aviation cannot be overemphasized. Commercial aviation plays a very central role in the overall growth of any economy across the world. It is therefore imperative to look into the key issues that govern the aviation industry to ensure its success and proper functionalism. The concept of aviation security comes in as one of the most pressing issues in this regard. The...
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...controlled autonomously by computers in the vehicle, or under the remote control of anavigator, or pilot (in military UAVs called a Combat Systems Officer on UCAVs) on the ground or in another vehicle. There are a wide variety of drone shapes, sizes, configurations, and characteristics. Historically, UAVs were simple remotely piloted aircraft, but autonomous control is increasingly being employed.[1] Their largest use is within military applications. UAVs are also used in a small but growing number of civil applications, such as firefighting or nonmilitary security work, such as surveillance of pipelines. UAVs are often preferred for missions that are too "dull, dirty, or dangerous" for manned aircraft. Contents [hide] * 1 History * 2 FAA designation * 3 Classification * 3.1 Classifications by the United States military * 3.1.1 US Air Force tiers * 3.1.2 US Marine Corps tiers * 3.1.3 US Army tiers * 3.1.4 Future Combat Systems (FCS) (US Army) classes * 3.1.5 Unmanned aircraft system * 4 Uses * 4.1 Remote sensing * 4.2 Commercial aerial surveillance * 4.3 Oil, gas and mineral exploration and production * 4.4 Transport * 4.5 Scientific research * 4.6 Armed attacks * 4.7 Search and rescue * 4.8 Conservation * 5 Design and development considerations * 5.1 Degree of autonomy * 5.2 Endurance *...
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...INTRODUCTION Information security is an essential topic to any airports because it causes a huge loss and impact on the society. There are many control systems in an airport, and the report only focus on air traffic control system (ATC). The risks, mitigations strategies, risk management plan is analysis the technology problem and solution to the computer system of ATC. In this report, the hazard, financial and operational risks that cause by information technology vulnerability is assess in the first session. The second session discusses the risk management techniques for the risks that identify in first session. Lastly, the risk mitigation plan is discussed the critical business function and plans to deal with computer outage, power outage when the issues happen. RISK ASSESSMENT Activity, Asset, Data information, risk The Air Traffic Control (ATC) is responsible for several activities in the airport. It involves separation assurance, landing services operating, navigation and ground control. Separation assurance is one of the main ATC components. It maintains the separation of aircraft from each other to avoid collision (Dwyer & Landry, 2013). The separation assurance tracks the position of each aircraft, and air traffic controller collects the information and provides it to the pilot. Both of automated tasks and manual tasks are involved in this function. The flights information such as identification, location and situation is recorded and used in the system...
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...AFGE 2013 Issue Papers Table of Contents Another Manufactured Crisis: What’s Next in the Fiscal Showdown………1 Federal Pay……………………………………………………………….…..…..4 Federal Employees’ Health Benefits Program……………………………….15 Official Time for Federal Employee Union Representatives………….........22 Arbitrary Cuts in Civil Servants………………………………………………..26 Sourcing: Complying with the Law……………………………………….......31 Capping Taxpayer-Funded Service Contractor Compensation……………43 Transportation Security Administration and TSOs…………………………..46 Domestic Partnership Benefits……………………………..………………….49 Employment Non-Discrimination Act……………………………………..…..55 Paid Parental Leave………………………………………………..…………..57 One America, Many Voices Act………………………………………….…....60 Department of Veterans Affairs…………………………………..……………62 Department of Defense……………………………...……….………………...71 Federal Prisons………………………………………………………………….90 Social Security Administration ……………………………………….…...…103 National Guard/Reserve Technicians ………………………...……….……108 D.C. Workers’ Issues …………………...……………………………..…..…117 Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. ……………………..……...120 Another Manufactured Crisis: What’s Next in the Fiscal Showdown? Background At the beginning of January, President Obama signed a tax deal that restored higher Clinton-era rates to those making over $450,000, and funded an extension of unemployment insurance benefits to the long-term unemployed, extended for another year the $240 monthly transit subsidy, but did not...
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