...The Arabs: A History by Eugene Rogan Robert Irwin on an eloquent history of Arab hopes and disappointments * Share17 * * * * * ------------------------------------------------- Email * ------------------------------------------------- Robert Irwin * ------------------------------------------------- * ------------------------------------------------- The Guardian, Saturday 31 October 2009 An American Army helicopter flies past a mosque in Baghdad, Iraq. Photograph: Joe Raedle/Getty Images The Arabs: A History 1. The Arabs: A History 2. by Eugene Rogan 3. 4. ------------------------------------------------- Top of Form Buy the book Bottom of Form by Eugene Rogan 532pp, Allen Lane, £25 Early on in his book Eugene Rogan, who teaches the modern history of the Middle East, confesses that in "any free and fair election in the Arab world today, I believe the Islamists would win hands down". Again, towards the end of this engrossing and capacious book, he reiterates that the "inconvenient truth about the Arab world today is that, in any free and fair election, those parties most hostile to the United States are most likely to win". Today, Arab fear of the west and resentment at the humiliating and socially damaging effects of westernisation fuels Islamism and the spread of terrorism. How have we come to this pass? Rogan answers this question by tracing the history of Arab hopes and ultimate disappointments from...
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...Giovanny Veloz US History 3/28/12 On March 26th I visited the American Museum of Natural History. After 3 hours of roaming around I couldn’t find much that pertained to this history class so my friend that works there was able to sneak me into the American Historical Society right next door. This was a goldmine of information and exhibits pertaining to history during all different types of eras. Right in front of the museum was a life size statue of Abraham Lincoln and to my surprise, he was really tall. One document that really caught my eye was a rare handwritten copy of the Thirteenth Amendment, signed by Lincoln himself. I was intrigued by this document because all I was doing was looking at this piece of paper and imagining Lincoln sitting down actually signing this with a feather and some ink. Trying to picture yourself living back in those days is The Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution declared that "Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction”. The Emancipation Proclamation, which went into effect on January 1, 1863, was a major step towards the abolition of slavery, helping to fulfill the promise of the Declaration of Independence and renew the nation’s founding philosophy of human liberty. Due to the Civil War, Lincoln realized that changing the Constitution itself would not be sufficient...
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...“The mid-twentieth-century era of a dictatorship is a highly disturbing chapter in the history of civilization. The key development was not only the resurgence of authoritarian rule but also the rise of a particularly ruthless brand of totalitarianism that reached its full realization in the Soviet Union, Nazi Germany, and Japan in the 1930’s. Stalin, Hitler, and Japan’s military leaders intervened radically in society and ruled with unprecedented severity” (McKay, History of World Societies, p. 907). Hitler came to power in 1933 in Germany. There are a few reasons why Hitler came to power from his incredible speaking to his many promises. Germany had just been through a war and had lost. With the ending of the war the Treaty of Versailles was a step toward establishing order. “More harshly the Allies declared Germany (with Austria) was responsible for the war and had therefore to pay reparations equal to all civilian damages caused by the war” (McKay, History of World Societies, p. 863). The government opposed and protested this Treaty, but there was no alternative. With this treaty in effect, living in Germany was very hard. The people of Germany were poor and needed someone to lead them out of this depression they had fallen into. Hitler promised to restore hope and to solve the problems of the depression. To Germans at the time Hitler made sense, uniting everyone. With Adolf Hitler came his National Socialism movement. National Socialism was shaped by Hitler’s beliefs in...
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...This Time is Different: Comparing Al-Qaeda’s Unique Place in the History of Terrorism with the Freedom Fighters of the Irish Republican Army” Al Qaeda and the Irish Republican Army are two of the most complex and famous terrorist organizations in modern history. While both groups share some principles with one another, and undoubtedly have committed and continue to commit horrible acts, the world’s perception of each is undoubtedly different from the other. There is an apparent contradiction in Karl Heinzen’s famous quote: “If to kill is always a crime, then it is forbidden equally to all; if it is not a crime, then it is permitted equally to all.”[1] This difference in public perception is a result of several key tenets of each organization’s strategy and structure. The IRA fights to protect and support the liberties of the Irish people, while Al Qaeda relies upon the religious doctrine of a radical Islamic minority to carry out jihad against Western infidels. Al Qaeda, while claiming to represent the entire Muslim world, has never had a real home or a consistent base to draw upon; inversely, a large proportion of the Irish people are steadfast in their support for the cause. Al Qaeda’s indiscriminate killing of innocent civilians has resulted in a falling out with a large percentage of its former supporters. Finally, the IRA had a distinct, tangible, and realistic goal of expelling the British from Ireland, while Al Qaeda seeks to establish a new caliphate based on...
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...Police of the World Joel Terry Doctor Alan Rogers Contemporary U.S. History – HIS 105 Strayer University - Lithonia Campus June 15, 2014 Police of the World Since gaining independence from the British in 1776, the United States foreign policy over the years has gone from expansionist to isolationism to defending democracy. With the responsibility of defending democratic rights for those who cannot defend themselves, the United States in my opinion has taken on the role of “policeman of the world.” This role became more evident with the use of U.S. military force in international incidents like U.S. intervention in the 2011 Libyan Civil War to oust Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi, and U.S. involvement in the 2011 Yemeni Civil War protesting the leadership of Yemeni President Ali Abdullah Saleh. Despite the United States hailed, as a defender of democracy by some, their actions are usually not selfless. In both situations, protecting United States interests was a major factor. Both Libya and Yemen are hot beds for terrorist activity by radical groups like al-Qaeda. The United States monitors the activities of these groups in an effort to intercept information to thwart acts of terrorism, particularly against Americans. Leadership in these vulnerable countries is of great interest to the United States because some regimes are sympathetic to these militant groups. A lack of clear leadership in these countries also poses a threat to U.S....
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...Research Paper Mental Health Irene Forchu VNT [pic][pic] Buzz Aldrin’s personality, his medical history, and his perceptions of his condition Introduction. This paper will present Buzz Aldrin as one of the prominent celebrity who was diagnosed with a mental illness. It was reported in June 2009 that he suffers with clinical depression and alcoholism but later improved his life considerably when he recognized and sought treatment for his problems. He is about 81 years and show signs to leave for another decade or more. This article will describe Buzz Aldrin personality as a celebrity, his diagnoses, his life history and his perception about his illness. All these will be summarized under the following subheadings; His personal life, History and achievements, his diagnoses and conclusion. Personal life Aldrin has been married three times: to Joan Archer, with whom he had three children, James, Janice, and Andrew, to Beverly Zile, and to his current wife, Lois Driggs Cannon, whom he married on Valentine's Day, 1988. He filed for divorce from Lois on June 15, 2011 in Los Angeles, citing “irreconcilable differences,” according to his attorney, one day after the couple separated. Aldrin is an active supporter of the Republican Party, headlining fundraisers for GOP members of Congress. In 2007, Aldrin confirmed to Time magazine that he had recently had a face-lift; he joked that the G-forces he was exposed to in space "caused a sagging jowl...
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... Races have their own hotels, buses, and restaurants. Pluralism A state in which people of all racial and ethnic categories have about the same over all social standing. Assimilation The process by which minorities gradually adopt cultural patterns from the dominant majority population. Part II Answer the following questions in 150 to 350 words each: • Throughout most of U.S. history in most locations, what race has been the majority? What is the common ancestral background of most members of this group? Throughout most of U.S. history the white race has been the majority. This race is majority because of the social standards they have not just because of the population. The white race was the first settlers in the new land. As known, the most common ancestral background of most members of this group is European. Europeans came to this land for new life opportunities. They were able to come together and form their own country and boundaries because they broke ties off with their European rulers. • What are some of the larger racial minorities in U.S. history? What have been the common ancestral backgrounds of each of these groups? When did each become a significant or notable minority group? The white race, which is made up of both Hispanic Americans and the Non-Hispanic is the larger racial minorities. Hispanic Americans make up 85% of the population and Non-Hispanics make 79%. White people are categorized as people who have very light skin pigmentation...
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...Maybe 6. Does my conclusion effectively summarize my main points and restate my thesis in different words? yes 7. Have I carefully proofread and revised my paper for sentence variety, word choice, grammar, and punctuation? yes 8. Does my Works Cited page include only the sources cited in the text? Is it correctly formatted? yes 9. Have I used the correct margins, line spacing, and other format issues required by the MLA sample essay and the sample provided by my instructor? i hope so Hannibal is by far one of the Great Captains of History Hannibal battle tactics are the stuff of legend not just in our time but in his time as well which is a hard feat for any general. Hannibal made his fame during the second Punic war 218-203 BC against the Roman Republic at the time the greatest power in the Mediterranean. His crossing of the Alps is probably one of the most daring military marches in history and to survive it after the weather and attack from tribes loyal to Rome with an army still intact and pretty much ready to fight shows his logistical savvy and the supreme ability to inspire his men to fight on despite the odds. His first battle was Trebbia which he need to win to draw in allies and supplies he won by using the Carthaginian superior cavalry...
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...Printing press is a machine that transfers lettering or images with the contact of various forms of inked surfaces onto papers or similar kind of material into different ways. Printing press is used for printing many copies of a text on papers to form a book or similar kinds of reading material. Around 1446 several print masters were on the process creating effective technology of printing with movable metal type. The rapid cultural change in Europe fueled a growing need for the rapid and cheap production of written documents. A number of people had previously attempted to make a metal type movable printing press, but it was not until a method was invented for producing metal type in large quantities that printing with movable type became economically practicable. Johannes Gutenberg, the son of a noble family of Mainz, Germany was the first person to demonstrate the practicability of movable type printing machine. Gutenberg, who was a stonecutter and goldsmith, invented an alloy of lead, tin and antinomy that would melt at low temperature, cast well in the die, and is durable in the press (Kreis, 2011). As long as the metal in which they were cast did not wear down, it was possible to use and reuse the separate pieces of type, simply by arranging them in the desired order. The innovation of type from an alloy was durable and produced high quality printed books and was suitable for printing than the clay, wooden or bronze types which were already invented in East Asia. The mirror...
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...Columbia: Coffee is King The Social, Cultural, and Political Implications of the Coffee Economy Aurelia Moore Columbia College September 26, 2015 Introduction The cultivation and exportation of what is regarded as the finest coffee in the world, transformed the beautiful country of Colombia. At present, coffee cultivation is one of rural Columbia’s largest sources of employment (Coffee in Columbia, 2013). From a social standpoint, the coffee industry helps to foster positive social change through the creation of healthy economies, communities, and resources for those working in the industry, including health care and education. Culturally speaking, the art of coffee cultivation has a lengthy history in Columbia and is a way of life in much of the rural, mountainous country. Despite the earthquakes and other natural disasters which have impacted the region, the coffee growing community is typically inclined to band to together to rebuild if and when needed, in order to return as quickly as possible to their known way of life. Politically speaking, coffee is a huge economic driver for the country. Social Implications Beyond the natural emphasis on coffee generated profits, Columbia’s coffee export industry has long endeavored to create positive social change and impact. In existence since 1927, the Columbian Coffee Growers Federation (FNC) is charged with representing and defending the coffee grower’s interests and to promote social agendas desired by the farmer...
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...African Americans have all the same rights as white Americans do today; however it has not always been that way and they have had to fight to be treated equal. The main topics that will be covered in this paper will be the 15th Amendment, the creation of the NAACP, Malcolm X and the Black Muslims, Brown V. Board of Education of Topeka, Kans., Rosa Parks, Martin Luther King, and the Civil Rights Act and the Voting Rights Act of 1965. African Americans were slaves until the Civil War ended in 1865; however the United States was still divided on the rights of African Americans. African Americans even though they were freed from slavery they were not treated equally and did not have all the same rights as white folks did such as voting rights. The 15th Amendment was ratified in 1870 and stated “The right of citizens of the United States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United States or by any State on account of race, color, or previous condition of servitude." (Bowles, 2011, 1.1). This was an important step for African Americans to be treated equally in the United States. However it was just the beginning and the Southern States would try to fight this Amendment by created many different barriers for the African Americans to block their rights to vote. Some of these barriers that were used were poll taxes and literacy tests, along with intimidation and violence. Thomas Mundy Peterson of New Jersey became the first black person to vote because of the 15th Amendment...
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...Name: Professor: Course: Date: Sir Winston Churchill Introduction Being a high profile personality is at times beneficial to an individual not only during the person’s lifetime but also after his death. It is always good to realize that anything that an individual does always affect people around either positively or negatively and having a positive impact is always the best thing and does last for ages even after death. In stands that in the society there are people of higher ranks than others either in politics, workplace, business and many others. Often when these people quite a career that was known of them or even die they will leave a legacy behind for either the right or bad things they did while on serving in their area of influence. Doing good things to others while holding such positions is something that everyone longs for but that has never been the case for many. The many politicians and other professions in various high posts in the society have had always had their reputations to build; however, not everyone will always have the heart to help others in the society, not even those people he leads. Some will be selfish and will only be interested in being financially stable from illegal sources such as soliciting taxpayer’s money(if he is a politician) while some will be bad enough to take even away people’s lives for selfish gains. All these are traits that describe those people around us especially the high profile personalities. But there lived this man, Winston...
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...It was through these women's organizations and their international counterparts that Bahamian women gained increasing confidence to lobby for the suffrage and the further advancement of women's rights and civil rights in general. The Suffrage Movement in the Bahamas received tremendous support from its allies in the United States, Canada and England. The growing enfranchisement of women around the world provided an enabling environment for the Suffrage Movement in the Bahamas. The specific social climate in the Bahamas in regard to women which engendered the struggle for the enfranchisement of women was described by Sir Randol Fawkes in his book, The Faith That Moved the Mountain. He states: "More than half of the adult population of the Bahamas - the women - still remained voteless. In 1958, they lagged far behind their male counterparts in the field of human rights. The chief roadblocks to full citizenship for Bahamian women were: - i) the traditional attitudes of men and women towards their respective roles in society; ii) the lack of equal education and training, vocational guidance and counselling in the school; iii) the division of the labour market into traditionally male and female sectors; and iv) lack of child-care facilities for working mothers". Sir Randol detailed other disadvantages women faced including the inheritance law of primogeniture and the inadequate maintenance laws for child support. In its particular pursuit of the right to vote for women and its...
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...world between 1500 and 1800. Some readers may be surprised to learn about the wealth, thriving global trade, and dominant manufacturing production in Asia that held sway until at least the end of the 18th century. Throughout much of this era, Europe was, in contrast to Asia, an unimpressive backwater of small countries and kingdoms. But Europe’s “discovery” of the Americas and an ocean route to Asia, just before the year 1500, changed all that. The West gradually worked its way into the global economy and planted the seeds for its imperial rise and eventual dominance over most of the modern world. After 1500, world regions—such as West Africa, East Asia, and South America—fused together into one global trade system. For the first time in history, each region of the world now interacted with the others. For example, enslaved African labor was used in South American plantations to sell cheap sugar to Europe. Silver from Mexico bought loans for Spain, and that same silver ended up in China to buy silk or porcelain for Europeans. And so on. A new global system emerged, forged of uneven relationships, in which a small part of the world, Europe, successfully exploited the world’s human and natural resources to its advantage. This was Globalization 1.0. Historians disagree on exactly when European empires began to “rise” and Asian empires began to “fall.” But most see it happening gradually over centuries of the early modern era. Just Before the Turning Point: 15th Century World Empires ...
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...Running head ASSIGNMENT 1.2 INDUSTRIALIZATION AFTER THE CIVIL WAR 1 Assignment 1.2: Industrialization after the Civil War Final Paper Annette L. Belton-Amponsah History 105 Dr. Van Vleck May 31, 2014 After the end of the Civil War the United States set on a new course which was called the industrialized Revolution during 1865 through the 1920. There were many different type of innovations and new opportunities for growth after the Civil War that changed the country forever. Many of these innovations led to vast amount of new jobs for minorities and other Americans. The first major change was the vast expansion of the railroads. With the full weight of the Federal Government the railroads leapt from approximately 30,000 miles of track to more than 350,000. Railroads spanned the nation, making the movement of goods, products, reasonable and reliable. Also, many people moved north to live near cities where the rail roads were being run. The United States changed to the better after the Civil War and during the industrialization revolution era families sold their farms to move closer to city life. After the Civil War the use and breakthrough of petroleum was established in 1853, Professor Schulman of Yale University discovered Kerosene, was considered a “useless” by product of crude oil, a powerful illuminate. (Schultz, P294) They needed a leader in marketing...
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