...Womens Liberation Movement Why did the Women’s Liberation Movement Emerge in the late 1960’s? Discuss with reference to Britain and the United States of America. In a decade where the whole world was experiencing revolutions due to social discontent, this increased the desire, of women, in the late 1960’s to ‘confront existing structures of oppression,’ giving the impetus for the emergence of the Women’s Liberation Movement. Caine argues the emergence of the movement bought a ‘new tone,’ when discussing women’s oppression. Rather than focusing directly on women’s suffrage, this was a political movement demanding ‘rapid and radical change,’ in an ever increasing ambience of liberalisation. Upon inception, it is vital to highlight one can account different reasons for the emergence of the movement in Britain and America, as different domestic situations led to different reasons for the emergence of a more radical form of feminism. This essay, together with a multiplicity of historians, will consider the importance of World War II and the Civil Rights Movement, and the impact they had on the emergence of the Women’s Liberation Movement. Linked to this is the ever apparent discrimination women faced and increasing desires to change this, coupled with developments of new opportunities, demonstrated by the aforementioned world events. Additionally, the impact of literature such as Betty Friedan’s, The Feminine Mystique, needs to be considered. Whilst all the factors play an...
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...Great Narrative Literature Dr. Kelso 2/10/2014 The Role of the Myth of the Flying Africans in Song of Solomon The central myth in Toni Morrison’s Song of Solomon is that of flight. This myth ties directly into the Exodus story of the Bible, where flight is understood as escape from the oppression of slavery. The main purpose of this myth of flight in the novel is to give hope to African Americans during a time where racial tensions are very much a part of their everyday lives. In this essay, I will argue that the myth of flight plays both a positive and negative role throughout this novel. It plays a positive role in that it seems to give Milkman a sort of pride in his ancestors that he did not have before he learned of the myth of Solomon’s Leap. Milkman, after learning about his parents’ marriage from both his mother and father, seems to shun his family and lose interest in his people that came before him, but after hearing about his great grandfather, he becomes proud of his lineage and gains a sense of liberation from the life he has led up to this point. However, while this myth of flight enables Morrison’s male protagonist to thrive, there are also negative consequences that Morrison asks us to consider, namely the effects of this myth on the ones left behind, the women and children. The Exodus story tells of the Israelites, who were being held as slaves in Egypt until they were liberated from their oppression by Moses, who was sent by God. The story tells of their...
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...Title: Subtitle Gustavo Gutierrez “involvement in the liberation process.” Gustavo was born in Lima, Peru, he was an educated man with a master’s degree from the Institute of Catholic in Lyon. He was also a Peruvian theologian priest regarded as one of the major initiators of liberation theology in Latin America. He embraces the John Cardinal O’Hara Professorship of theology at the University of Notre Dame. He has been Prof. at Catholic University of Peru, and lecturer at many chief institutions of higher education in North America and Europe. He is a member of the Peruvian academic of language in recent years, he was awarded the Legion of honor by the French government for his diligent effort. He has also published in many journals. Interestingly, he was a board of director of an international Journal. He no doubt was a very brilliant scholar, because he also studied medicine, literature, psychology, and philosophy. He also gained a doctorate at an Institute in Lyon. Gutierrez has undoubtedly shown great interest in those that were less fortunate. I gathered from reading about his involvement in the liberation process that he has placed great emphasis on political and...
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...Why did the Women’s Liberation Movement Emerge in the late 1960’s? Discuss with reference to Britain and the United States of America. In a decade where the whole world was experiencing revolutions due to social discontent, this increased the desire, of women, in the late 1960’s to ‘confront existing structures of oppression,’ giving the impetus for the emergence of the Women’s Liberation Movement. Caine argues the emergence of the movement bought a ‘new tone,’ when discussing women’s oppression. Rather than focusing directly on women’s suffrage, this was a political movement demanding ‘rapid and radical change,’ in an ever increasing ambience of liberalisation. Upon inception, it is vital to highlight one can account different reasons for the emergence of the movement in Britain and America, as different domestic situations led to different reasons for the emergence of a more radical form of feminism. This essay, together with a multiplicity of historians, will consider the importance of World War II and the Civil Rights Movement, and the impact they had on the emergence of the Women’s Liberation Movement. Linked to this is the ever apparent discrimination women faced and increasing desires to change this, coupled with developments of new opportunities, demonstrated by the aforementioned world events. Additionally, the impact of literature such as Betty Friedan’s, The Feminine Mystique, needs to be considered. Whilst all the factors play an important role in contributing...
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...only this, Carter also uses the theme of feminism to challenge stereotypical female roles in stories which inadvertently also happens to challenge the roles of women in Gothic literature. Her use of feminism seems to be a result of her upbringing where she was heavily influenced by the first and second wave of feminism that achieved gains in gender equality giving way to more sexual liberation and freedom for women. One of the stories where conventional gothic gender roles are most notably challenged is ‘The Tiger’s Bride’ where the female, the daughter of a man who gambled her away to a beast, is the protagonist of the story and seemingly in charge of her fate, whether it be sexual or in loyalty. This mirrors ‘The Taming of the Shrew’, where Katherina is initially in charge of her fate and her sexual fate before she is “tamed” by Petruchio, the story also juxtaposes ‘The shrew’ as it is her who is tamed, while in ‘The Tiger’s Bride’ the protagonist is the one who tames the beast by choosing him over her own father. The contrast in storylines emphasises how gender roles in general have been severely challenged by Carter, giving the effect of female empowerment especially contrasting the male empowerment in ‘Taming of the Shrew’. This possibly depicts the growing stature of women roles not just in literature but also in society, which is also shown in law changes across the world over the past 40 years, introduction of laws that have seen an increase in equal pay among males and...
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...English 122 Nature vs. Man In the world now there are views of what can or should be done with the environment, use what is available to save any animal/plant/bug for the future. Then there are the options that go between those two extremes. Looking at some of the views from our readings as well as other sources, we’ll see what is looked at as right and wrong ways to use and preserve nature. There are many views on how the Earth should be used or preserved, but the how to do it with the world’s increasing population makes the answer so important to those that will come after us. While not about nature, Aldous Huxley’s “Time and the Machine” talks about time and how man has made himself a slave to time. Knowing that we have a limited amount of time in our lives, many want to do as much to fill that time as can be done. Most in the western world view time as something that needs to be taken advantage of, that there’s always a deadline for creating or making something. In some eastern cultures, there isn’t the hurry seen like we have. They aren’t as concerned for man-made time as they have “not been made conscious of the existence of minutes.” (Huxley, 366) He goes on to say that people living in large cities can live “without being aware of the daily march of the sun across the sky; without ever seeing the moon and stars.” (Huxley, 366) This goes to show that people are too into the passing of time and don’t look at taking time to relax and exist with nature. ...
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...12 The Revolutionist Exploring Marcus Garvey African American Literature Mr. Brown 12 The Revolutionist Exploring Marcus Garvey African American Literature Mr. Brown Throughout life and its many injustices one must be confident in their character and understanding who they are, not only as a person but a part of a people, becomes imperative to any conscientious progression. The prominent, well respected African American, social activist, and revolutionary, Marcus Garvey understood the relevance of knowing oneself and how it played a major role in a person conscious development. He had such a bold passion for the uplift of his people, (Blacks), that he mustered all his power, political, economic, and intellectual, to advocate for them, driving them away from the confines of white supremacy, towards liberation in its entirety. “Every man has a right to his own opinion. Every race has a right to its own action; therefore let no man persuade you against your will, let no other race influence you against your own.” -Marcus Garvey Born on August 17th, 1887 into a large family, living in St. Ann’s Bay, Jamaica, Marcus Mosiah Garvey had parents that were indefinitely devoted to their eleven children's overall wellbeing and with an authoritative parenting approach they were ultimately the foundation for establishing him as a man with commendable morals, values, and responsible for his ethical outlook on life. As a child he admired his father keenly and adopted his craving...
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...Evaluating Credibility and Validity of Sources: We learned that it is important to evaluate the credibility of the source and make a judgement on its relevance to our topic/argument. Credibility can be validated based off on the background of the author, impartiality, style and tone of article and currency. For instance for an argument on animal rights as described in…, the argument can be presented in different ways depending on the specialization of the author. A phychologist, philosopher or economist might present the argument in different style. Also, the author’s personal interest to the subject might affect the an author’s opinion or treatment to the subject. For instance, an author who is vegetarian is likely to argue against using animals for food and may present argument in a way that’s less than impartial. The publication Alongwith the author’s background, it is also important to validate the author’s personal interest associated to the subject ; We also learned that a special interest or preference might affect an author’s opinion or treatment to subject. In the simplest terms, a declared vegetarian is likely to argue against using animals for food and may present those arguments in a way that’s less than impartial. The writing style and tone is another way to form credibility and validity of sources of information. You should determine whether the tone is professional or not. If it is indeed professional and the tone is for the targeted audience...
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...Born May 7, 1861, in Calcutta; died there Aug. 7, 1941. Indian writer and public figure. Son of Debendranath Tagore. Tagore studied in Calcutta, where in 1875 he published his first work, and at the University of London. While in England from 1878 to 1880, he continued to write in his native Bengali, the language he was to use in all his works. He also composed songs. A musical drama he wrote during this time, The Genius of Valmiki (1881), combined national Indian melodies with popular Irish tunes. Tagore’s collection of verse Evening Songs (1882) is marked by a preponderance of pantheistic motifs. Three later collections, Morning Songs (1883), Pictures and Songs (1884), and Sharps and Flats (1886), as well as a play, Nature’s Revenge (1884), reflect the author’s youthful optimism. Such optimism mingles with a strong condemnation of tyranny in the poem The Shores of Bibhi (1883) and the historical novel Raja the Sage (1885). Between 1884 and 1911, Tagore served as secretary of Brahmo Samaj, a religious reformative and educational society. Tagore created some of his best short stories in the 1890’s. In the same period he wrote the poem collections Manasi (1890) and The Golden Boat (1893), the poems The Gathering of the Harvest (1896) and The Grains (1899), and a cycle of philosophical plays beginning with Raja and Rani (1899). He also edited a socioliterary periodical, Shadhoda, in which he published most of his literary works, as well as articles on political, social, and literary...
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...compilation that Palace Press produced in 1983. The BBT Vedabase Folio can be consulted for the raw transcripts (look for the NV lectures from the first week of September '72). Below I do not credit the exact day upon which the quotations were made. Prabhupada's elucidation of particular subjects spanned several discourses; thus the quotations clubbed together around one point may not be from the same day. 1. Vedic *dharma* real and apparent This section of quotations shows that real Vedic dharma, or *varnasrama-dharma*, is *nivrtti-marga.* Accordingly, the *yajna* (sacrificial work) meant for each and every occupation of the social body's four parts aims at liberation. *Pravrti-marga*, "Hindu dharma," and modern technological society, are aimed at some kind of materialistic substitute for liberation. According to the Vedic system, there are two paths: *pravrtti-marga* or the path of sense enjoyment, and *nivrtti-marga*, or the path of renunciation. We have come within the material world to enjoy material resources, and this is the path of *pravrtti.* However, when a person comes to understand that he is not the body but the soul, then his occupation changes, and he enters onto the path of *nivrtti.* We have already described *dharma* as...
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...support her children as a newspaper journalist after her husband's premature death. Louisa May Alcott, a staunch feminist, penned a strong feminist novel A Long Fatal Love Chase (1866) which deals with a young woman's attempts to run away from her bigamist husband and become independent. Women writers in the literary movement of the 19th century and early 20th century, was the first wave of feminism. Feminism in Canada in the 1960s and 1970s was part of an international movement now referred to as the second phase of the wave of feminism. The first feminist movement reached its peak in the second decade of the 20th century when many countries including Canada, supported the cause of women Since 1960s, these female groups began Women's Liberation Movement. They advocated many empowering revolutionary changes in the personal & social life of women. The afflictions of women emphatically included the right to abortion by Abortion Caravan in 1970 apart from other demands for liberalization of society for women. Feminist activism in Canada had achieved radical transformation in women's lives in the male specified social milieu. The success of feminism in Canada had been a gradual struggle for establishing equal rights between women and...
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...Political Movements in the 20th Century HUM/300 Political Movements in the 20th Century During the 20th century several major political events took place that changed the worldwide view of civilization and shook up the collective consciousness. World War I and II showed the dark side of technology when used to hurt humanity. Civil movements surged around the world as a result of minorities trying to regain their identity, which various governments throughout the world restricted. The authors will examine major political events that had a notable effect on the 20th century, including, the influences of World War I and II, the surge of the Civil Rights Movement, and the Gender Equality Movement. The author’s examination will consider the works of artists and how his or her creative expression reflected the mood of the era. Political Events: World War I and II World War I (WWI) started in 1914, and lasted through 1918. The political event that triggered this war was the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The war tactics employed in World War I changed the methods and strategies in future conflicts bringing more devastation. Some of the new strategies included trench warfare, chemical warfare, and upgraded technology; it introduced chemical weapons including chlorine and phosgene, which produced devastating damages. The exposure to high levels of these gases resulted in temporary blindness, difficulty...
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...is a concept that involves a feeling of extremely strong attachment towards one’s own country. Due to one or more than one object factors like race, religion, language, literature, culture etc., there grows in a people a strong feeling of like-mindedness which endows them with the quality of nationality. This feeling of oneness makes every member of the group to feel themselves as equal partners in the desire, regret, justice, pride and dishonor of the entire people. In such a situation, in their feeling of nationality associated with their patriotism grows into a political ideology, it is called nationalism. Thus, nationalism finds expression through political ambitions. When the sense of self-identity increases, every nation raises the demand for establishing its own state. Realization of this demand results in the establishment of the nation-state. Nationalism is a concept that involves a feeling of extremely strong attachment towards one’s own country. Due to one or more than one object factors like race, religion, language, literature, culture etc., there grows in a people a strong feeling of like-mindedness which provides them with the quality of nationality. Nationalism is a great democratic ideal which continues to live as the strongest force and continues to inspire struggle for national liberation in different parts of the globe. It stands for the nation-state and love for the nation-state, and advocates that every nationality has a right to have its own state. It...
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...discourse revolves around male participation and leadership within terrorist organizations the literature presented exposes how valuable women have been in progressing various causes. Through recruitment and of their own volition women have entered into a male dominated arena to assert their capability to effectively navigate operating within an organization that promotes terror. The literature to follow presents historiographical patterns as to how women become involved in such regimes and how they survive the life of their involvement as a female combatant. Oppression has been a motivating factor for women to become involved with terrorist organizations. Upon investigating female terrorists in the Russian Socialist Revolutionary Party, Knight (1979) found that many of the women who flocked to groups such as the previously mentioned one felt that their opportunities were jilted by an androcentric system. Knight (1979) postulated that the women driven towards committing terrorist acts endorsing violence were “highly motivated, self-assertive young women who may have turned to terror out of a sense of isolation and frustration nurtured in a society that offered them so little opportunity” (p. 145). Oppression being a highly motivating factor to propel women into committing heinous acts was also echoed in Hellmann-Rajanayagam’s (2008) depiction of women members of the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam. Hellmann-Rajanayagam (2008) mirrored sentiments that Knight (1979) held in...
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...Joel Schwartz Final Paper - Draft 7/16/12 Professor Hoge English 1020 Animal Rights Activism: A Domestic Terror Threat Throughout the past two decades, extreme animal rights groups have claimed responsibility for hundreds of crimes and acts of terrorism, including arson, bombings, vandalism, burglary, animal release, and harassment. These crimes have caused damage costing more than one hundred million dollars. While some activists have been captured, animal rights terrorism cells, are extremely difficult to identify and most of the attacks remain unsolved. Although it has been overshadowed by Islamic terrorist threats since September 11, animal rights terrorism still remains one of the United State’s most active terrorist movements. This paper intends to explore the Animal Rights terrorist movement and prove that Animal Rights activists pose a significant domestic terror threat. An increasing number of terrorist activity in the United States has been carried out in the name of animal protection. Although no one has been killed in an attack, the increasingly violent nature of attacks suggests that someone will be proclaimed dead before long. Beginning in the 1970s, hundreds of groups in the United States have advocated for much stricter legal protection for animals. Change has been slow but incremental. Some activists have become frustrated by the pace of legislation, and have become violent. This violence has created an underground terrorist movement...
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