...Canada is a nation known for it’s multiculturalism and for being a country in which people of different cultures and beliefs stand side-by-side. We live in a place that has come extremely far, allowing for a lot of religious freedom in the public sphere. This being said, a person’s right to religious freedom is not always taken into consideration in Canadian courts. Among the most prominent of religious symbols in courtrooms, the Islamic headscarf, or hijab is known in current debates, along with the niqab and burqa. Secularism in Canadian courtrooms has been around for many years, and is a large reason why we as Canadians of different religions feel so comfortable living in this country, but some unusual circumstances can also makes us feel otherwise. In 1960, The Canadian Bill of Rights was created by Prime Minister John...
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...Chapter 1: Ethical Theory Meta-ethical positions include: * Ethical non-cognitivism (concept that ethics is a matter of feelings) * Ethical relativism (concept that ethics is relative to a particular point of view) * Ethical objectivism (notion that ethics is objective in nature). Meta-Ethical Positions Ethical Non-cognitivism The basis of ethical non-cognitivism is that ethical disagreement can be a highly emotional affair where no amount of reasoning is likely to convince the other party. * Example: “Let’s just agree to disagree” Ethical Relativism * Ethical relativism says that while ethical statements are cognitively meaningful, they do not hold in any objective sense because they depend on our point of view. * If we accept ethical relativism, then ethical disagreement among people who do not share the same perspective becomes impossible. * It assumes that if people agree on something, then it must be true. * Ethical relativism is suspect for a pragmatic reason: it is fundamentally at variance with our social practice. * Example: “To each his own”, or the belief that what’s right for one group isn’t necessarily right for another Ethical Objectivism * Ethical objectivism holds that right and wrong are objective phenomena. * Example: “I’m right and you’re wrong” What is Ethics? * As a discipline, ethics is a branch of philosophy. * It deals with questions of right and wrong conduct, and with what we ought to do and what...
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...experiences. An article in the journal Pediatrics (July 1998) presented a case of a Canadian boy who was “re-assigned” a new gender and raised as a girl after a circumcision accident. An operation at seven months removed the testicles and the remainder of the penis, and the patient was also given female hormones to develop breasts and other female traits, this subject continues to live as a woman and describes herself as bisexual. Another case, not with a “happy ending” similar to the first case, a boy was re-assigned as a girl at 17 months of age. She, however, rejected her female identity at the age of 14 and began living life as a male. “Despite everyone telling him constantly that he was a girl, and despite his being treated with female hormones, his brain knew he was a male, it refused to take on what it was being told.”(Dr. William Reiner, John Hopkins Hospital). A person self image is a person’s mental model of him or herself, self esteem and individuality. Two cases speak of two individuals who had an experience that changed their world, not by want or choice but, by medical mistakes. Their gender identity was assigned at birth, male and female, no nature defects, with the male a new gender was assigned due too a circumcision accident, as his testicles were removed and the remainder of the penis, he became a girl with the help of female hormones. Psychological Awareness in this case is this person had to accept and seek out the ability to understand through mind...
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...minds: ‘Islam,’ ‘women’ and ‘oppression.’ Therefore, they think that Islam commands oppressing women. People often fail to distinguish between culture and religion, two things that are completely different. In fact, Islam condemns oppression of any kind whether it is towards a woman or in general. Now, the Qur'an is the sacred book by which Muslims live. This book was revealed 14 centuries ago to a man named Muhammad who would later become the Prophet. Fourteen centuries have passed and this book has not been changed since, not one letter has been altered. In surah number 33, entitled Al-Ahzab (Arabic for 'The Clans'), on verse 59, it says: “O Prophet, tell your wives and your daughters and the women of the believers to draw cloaks all over their bodies. That will be better as they shall be known (as free respectable women) and will not be annoyed. And Allah is Ever Oft-Forgiving, Most-Merciful.” This verse shows that Islam makes wearing a Hijab necessary, Hijab is the word used for covering, not only the headscarves (as some people may think) but also wearing loose clothes that are not too bright. Sometimes, people see covered Muslim women and they think oppression. This is wrong. A Muslim woman is not oppressed, but she is liberated. This is because she is no longer valued for something material such as her good looks or the shape of her body. She compels others to judge her for her intelligence, kindness, honesty and personality. Therefore, people judge her for who...
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...the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Under Section 15 of the Charter, all Canadians regardless of their (1)“race, national or ethnic origin, colour, religion, sex, age or mental or physical disability” were officially given the right to be protected by the law, and benefit from the law without discrimination. The Charter of Rights and Freedoms (2)“reflect the fondest dreams, the highest hopes and the finest aspirations of Canadian Society” and although “Sexual Orientation” is not recorded under the sections protected from discrimination, it was deemed by the Supreme Court of Canada in the Egan v. Canada, 1995 case to be an equivalent ground to make claims of discrimination; Gay men and women are all equal in rights and dignity and should have protection of those rights. The Vriend v. Alberta case was monumental in that it was not only a conflict to Alberta’s Individual’s Rights Protection Act, but the rights of all homosexuals in Canada based on the Charter Section 15 (1). It was an igniter against the Province of Alberta, the Government of Canada, as well as conservative religious groups. It was a conflict of religious rights versus human rights and which aspect of humanity is of greater importance to Canadian society as a whole. The road to equality has been a long and hard road for all homosexuals, working towards this right the Vriend case was a small stepping stone on this long journey. Vriend demonstrated to society, that as stated in the Canadian Charter...
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...Both Nellie McClung and Emily Murphy were the catalysts for the rise of women in Canada. They worked both separately and together to get women the right to vote, be recognized as persons, and to be able to have positions in the senate. Along their road to success, these two women also, in some people’s views, faltered. They both supported the sterilization act in Alberta, and Emily Murphy was particularly racist. These two women have achieved amazing things for Canadian workingwomen, as well as Canadian women and the law; but did they do more harm than good? More specifically, does their work in favor of women’s rights, and women becoming recognized “persons”, make up for their love of eugenics and the many lives they ruined sue to their beliefs that people of different races and with different mentalities were not suitable for parenthood? This paper will explore both sides of their work, looking at the persons case, women becoming involved in the senate, as well as the eugenics and sterilization that they supported. These two women were not solely good or bad, they were good with some poor decisions along the way, “although their vision, like our own, was sometimes faulty and incomplete, it also embodied an uncommon personal politics of courage and optimism…Feminists don’t have to be perfect to be worth a respectful hearing.” (Strong-Boag). Nellie McClung is a feminist hero of Canada, “her zest, and her convictions, her campaigns helped shape the Canada we live in today.” (Gray...
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...Individual Research Report Consumer Behaviour Naveed Mohammed 300765975 Prof. James Quance Business Communications 2 BUSN 733 13 Nov ‘13 ------------------------------------------------- Executive Summary This report discusses consumer behaviour in detail. Consumer behaviour refers to the buying behaviour of individuals and households that buy goods and services for personal consumption. All of these final consumers combine to make up the consumer market. Consumers around the world vary tremendously in age, income, education level and tastes. They also buy an incredible variety of goods and services making both simple and complex purchase decisions every day. The Cultural, Social, Personal and Psychological factors that affect consumer behaviour are discussed in detail. The consumer decision process which consists of Need Recognition, Information Search, Evaluation of Alternatives, Purchase Decision and Post Purchase Behaviour are then studied. A Consumer Analysis follows where questions like “Who buys and uses the product?”, “What consumers buy and how they use it?” and “Why consumers prefer a product?” are answered. A brief conclusion wraps up the report which states how Marketers study consumer behaviour to find answer to most questions that help them design marketing strategies to reach consumers more effectively and build long lasting relationships. Table of Contents Introduction | | 1 | Factors influencing Consumer Behaviour | |...
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...Introduction The purpose of this paper is to discuss the topic of euthanasia with the intention of shedding some light on this issue should you ever have to make this choice. There are many reasons for and against euthanasia and this article will explore some of those reasons. Specifically this paper includes a review of the following topics; Background which will include; What is euthanasia and where does it come from, Canadian law in regards to euthanasia, Euthanasia in other countries, What does our society say today? Then I will be looking at the pro euthanasia which will include; Can euthanasia be dignified where I will be looking at the Kantian and the Healthy Soul Theories, and Personnel choice. The last part will be looking at against euthanasia which will include; Who decided when to die which will include the Divine command theory and the Ethical Dilemma and I will end with a Conclusion. Thereafter, an analysis will be completed on the a fore mentioned that will include a discussion analysis of what is taken from within an existing body of research with final recommendations which will be presented based on the research. Background What is Euthanasia and where does it come from? The meaning of the word euthanasia comes from a combination of Greek words eu meaning good and athantos meaning death (Corbett, 2009). Therefore one would say that euthanasia is a good death and by saying this we are then saying “to die with dignity” (Corbett, 2009). Euthanasia...
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...Case Study – Introduction The topic of our case study centers on the stage of emerging adulthood, a stage our classmates are currently experiencing. The focus of the study is centered on college students and the relationships they may develop in relations to alcohol consumption. Our participant is a 23 year old woman (KH) . She has attended three colleges in her academic college career, which includes one year at the University of Wisconsin Milwaukee, one year at the University of Wisconsin Madison and two years and current attendance at Edgewood College. She currently resides in Madison, Wisconsin and is pursuing a career in nursing. KH grew up in New Berlin, Wisconsin in a middle class family. We decided in further researching this topic because it’s something that we are currently experiencing and feel it is important to illustrate to younger generations that aging is a natural and unavoidable part of our journey through life that we need to accept and embrace with grace and respect. It is true that many undesirable changes take place as we get older, especially in late adulthood, but as I will share through my study, it can also be the most satisfying and content stage of a person’s life. The way the world perceives aging adults varies from society to society. In many parts of the world the older a person becomes the more important their role becomes in their family as well as in society. In the United States we seem to associate old age with negative feelings...
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...CHAPTER 2 THE CHANGING LEGAL EMPHASIS: COMPLIANCE AND IMPACT ON CANADIAN WORKPLACES LEARNING OUTCOMES 1. EXPLAIN how employment-related issues are governed in Canada. 2. DISCUSS at least five prohibited grounds for discrimination under human rights legislation and DESCRIBE the requirements for reasonable accommodation. 3. DESCRIBE behaviour that could constitute harassment 4. EXPLAIN the employers’ responsibilities regarding harassment. 5. DESCRIBE the role of minimums established in employment standards legislation and the enforcement process. 6. DISCUSS HR’s role in ensuring compliance with employment legislation in Canada. REQUIRED PROFESSIONAL CAPABILITIES ❖ Identifies and masters legislation and jurisprudence relevant to HR functions ❖ Ensures that the organization’s HR policies and practices align with human rights legislation ❖ Promotes a productive culture in the organization that values diversity, trust, and respect for individuals and their contributions ❖ Assesses requests for HR information in light of corporate policy, freedom of information legislation, evidentiary privileges, and contractual or other releases ❖ Contributes to the development of information security measures issues CHAPTER SUMMARY This chapter focuses on the legal environment in Canada. It discusses the multiple overlapping pieces of legislation that attempt to balance employee and employer rights when it comes...
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...Aman – Ramanjit Kaur ♣ Baldev – Gourrav Sihan ♣ Kabir – Orville Maciel ♣ Loveleen – Geetika Sharma ¬ Location Shot – Punjab in India, Brampton/Toronto, Niagara Falls. ¬ Interesting Quotes ♣ “Aren’t I who you desire?” – Cobra as Rocky ♣ “How is this possible? To scowl one minute and laugh the next...” - Chand ♣ “Can our desires be so powerful, that they take on human form and walk right into our lives?” – Chand ♣ “Better hell than a heaven with no dignity” – Papaji ♣ “Who were you talking to?”- Rocky “Surely not you...” - Chand ¬ Insight – Deepa Mehta is a renowned Canadian Director working on social issues surrounding the women from different eras. She has given many noticeable works like Earth, Water and Fire. The movie Heaven on Earth was premiered at various film festivals such as Grand Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF), the Edmonton International Film Festival and the Kingston Canadian Film Festival. ¬ Awards – Best Actress (Silver Hugo) award for Preity Zinta (Chand) at the Chicago International Film Festival. ¬ Underlying Concept – The Power of Imagination. ¬ Genre – Family Drama ¬ Inspiration – Nagamandala, a Kannada play. Heaven on Earth (Deepa Mehta, 2008) is family drama of an untold and dark promise of a better tomorrow and dynamics of family change. It is the story of a dysfunctional Punjabi family which depends on the son, a taxi driver and the sole bread earner to feed seven members of the family and somehow bring...
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...10 July 2014 National SC restrains States on remission for life convicts The Supreme Court restrained all State governments from releasing life convicts exercising their remission powers. A five-judge Constitution Bench comprising Chief Justice R.M. Lodha and Justices J.S. Khehar, J. Chelameswar, A.K. Sikri and Rohinton Nariman passed the restraint order till July 22, when the matter relating to the release of life convicts in the Rajiv Gandhi assassination case would be taken up for hearing. Bollywood to open up for Canadian filmmakers The Bollywood market could soon open up on a large scale to Canadian filmmakers, with the coming into force of the Canada-India Audiovisual Coproduction Treaty, which will enable film producers of both the countries to utilise a common platform for collaboration on various facets of film-making. The agreement was signed by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting and the Canadian High Commissioner earlier this year. It is expected to benefit producers from both the countries and allow them to combine their creative, technical and financial resources for co-production. CBI quizzes Andhra governor in Agusta chopper deal probe The CBI recorded the statement of former Intelligence Bureau director and Andhra Pradesh governor E S L Narasimhan as a witness in its probe into the AgustaWestland VVIP chopper deal. Senior official to handle PMO's media affairs The Modi government and BJP are planning a major media outreach with a...
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...FAMILY VIOLENCE Family Violence and the Application of the Situational/Stress Theory Family Violence There has recently been an increased awareness that crimes of violence are not only perpetrated by strangers in public places rather instead research has uncovered a large amount of violent criminal behavior that occurs between intimates in private locations, such as the home (The Canadian Encyclopedia). These crimes have been underreported because of concerns about privacy, because of fear of retribution or because of concerns about maintaining the integrity of family relations. Family Violence is seen in many forms. “It is the baby who is battered, the child who is sexually assaulted, the woman who is punched and kicked by her husband, the elderly man who is attacked and exploited by his children (Ward, 2006).” One of the most common forms of family violence in Canada today appears to be Intimate partner violence. Overall, 7% of Canadians 15 years of age and older either in a current or previous marital or common-law union in 2004 experienced spousal violence in the past 5 years (Statistics Canada, 2004). This victimization of women is compounded by difficulties that they face in getting out of these abusive relationships. Women are often constrained by lack of employment, the responsibility for children and the fear of social disapproval from family and friends for not being able to make the best...
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...workplace is a very serious issue. Not only does it creates an unsafe environment for the victim but also violates Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedom. According to the International Labour Office, a survey was done on February 2007 which shows that nearly 25% of the workers interviewed experienced sexual harassment with one-third of them men (Sexual Harassment). The report explores what sexual harassment is and provides possible ways to decrease sexual harassment in the workplace. Background The Canadian Supreme Court created the first legislation regarding discrimination based on sex on 1982. As the Canadian Human Rights Reporter reports, two food service workers, Janzen and Tracy Govereau, were waitresses at Pharos Restaurant during the fall of 1982 in Winnipeg, Manitoba. It was reported that the cook in the restaurant, Tommy Grammas, had been making sexual advancements to the two women. When they spoke about this to the manager, they were fired. The case was brought to the Supreme Court. The Court concluded that sexual harassment is a form of sex discrimination. Platy Enterprises Ltd., the owners of the restaurant, was held liable for sexual harassment. Sexual harassment, as defined by the Court, is an unwelcome behaviour of sexual nature that detrimentally affects the work environment or leads to adverse job-related consequences for the victim of harassment (Canadian Human Rights Reporter Inc.). Purpose of the Report Sexual harassment is rarely talked about at workplaces...
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...and Formal Social Control Law and Society 186 Crime 185 187 Types of Crime 188 Crime Statistics 190 The Issue 193 The Setting 193 Sociological Insights 193 Policy Initiatives 193 Boxes RESEARCH IN ACTION: Street Kids 183 sOCIOLOGY IN THE GLOBAL COMMUNITY: Singapore: A Nation of Campaigns 186 TAKING SOCIOLOGY TO WORK: Holly Johnson, Chief of Research, Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Statistics Canada 192 Cigarette smoking has become stigmatized in Canada. This newspaper advertisement, sponsored by Health Canada, reverses the typical advertising strategy of equating smoking with sexiness. 169 H eidi Fleiss was in her late twenties when she was arrested for operating a call girl service. At the time, her pediatrician father had reacted flippantly, “I guess I didn’t do such a good job on Heidi after all.” Later, he would be convicted of conspiring to hide profits from his daughter’s call girl ring. Fleiss had dropped out of school when she was sixteen and established a liaison with a playboyfinancier who gave her a Rolls-Royce for her twenty-first birthday. In her early twenties, Fleiss interned in the world of prostitution by working for Madame Alex (Elizabeth Adams), Hollywood’s reigning call girl entrepreneur until her death in 1995. In 1990, backed by television director and pornography filmmaker Ivan Nagy, 24-year-old Fleiss opened her own business. She now refers to her call girl operation as nothing more than a sensible...
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