Premium Essay

Bystander Cpr Research Paper

Submitted By
Words 541
Pages 3
Bystander cpr “is performed by a layperson who is not part of the organized emergency-response system in a community”. Its is a vital life saving intervention , easy skills to learn and performed when witness a victim of cardiopulmonary arrest .

cardiac arrest terminate more than 3 million individuals every year, its carries a high level of mortality risk and a survival rate of less than 8% . that’s may be because 70% of cardiac arrest occure out of hospital settings where a few of cardiac arrest victims receive effective lifesaving bystander CPR . bystander’s effective CPR will double or triple out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survival rate if it initiate it immediately because according to AHA its the first link in the chain of OHCA survival . …show more content…
and death may occur in 10 minutes after circulation failed to promot adequate blood flow to the vital organs . .
However , only 32% of OHCA received bystander CPR and the European Resuscitation Council and current studies showed that Lack of CPR knowledge and training is the main reason of the this low bystander CPR rate the limitation of bystander knowledge and training of CPR is vary between countries. The main reason of this variation mainly due to the differences in education and training system. Limitation on personal level including the lack of time , lack interest to learn CPR, fear of doing harm , fear of legal responsibility , fear of getting infection or cultural issues regarding the victim’s characteristics .
In saudi arabia , recent local studies of out of hospital cardiac arrest survival showed that A low survival rate for non-traumatic OHCA and a 100% mortality rate in traumatic arrests & supports the CPR awareness campaigns efforts in order to increase the OHCA survival

Similar Documents

Free Essay

Hands Only Cpr

...In Pre-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Patients, How Does Hands-Only CPR Compared To Standard CPR, Affect Neurological Outcomes? Abstract Summary Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest is the leading cause of death in the U.S. Increasing bystander-initiated CPR through “hands-only” CPR and EMS dispatcher instructed “hands-only” CPR improves survival rates. Methods CINAHL, PubMed, and OvidMD were searched for the following key terms or combination thereof: “hands-only”; “compression-only”; chest compression-only”; “bystander”; “CPR”; “dispatcher”; and “neurological affect”. We initially restricted our search to peer-reviewed studies published in English between January 2004 and June 2014, but agreed by consensus to use a 2000 study located during a manual search of included study references. Results We identified nine Level II, III, and IV studies comparing “hands-only” CPR and “standard” CPR, published between 2000 and 2013, and occurring in the countries of Japan, London, Sweden and the U.S. All but one of the study results recommend that “hands-only” CPR is at least equal or superior to “standard” CPR. Conclusions Guidelines should be established to teach bystander “hands-only” CPR nationwide, to increase public awareness of the effectiveness of “hands-only” CPR and start to teach out-of-hospital “hands-only” CPR. Introduction Sudden cardiac arrest is the leading cause of death in the United States (Neumar, Barnhart, Berg, Chan, Geocadin, Luepker,… Nichol, 2011). According...

Words: 5900 - Pages: 24

Free Essay

First Aid

...First Aid/CPR/AED PARTICIPANT’S MANUAL American Red Cross First Aid/CPR/AED PARTICIPANT’S MANUAL This participant’s manual is part of the American Red Cross First Aid/CPR/AED program. By itself, it does not constitute complete and comprehensive training. Visit redcross.org to learn more about this program. The emergency care procedures outlined in this book reflect the standard of knowledge and accepted emergency practices in the United States at the time this book was published. It is the reader’s responsibility to stay informed of changes in emergency care procedures. PLEASE READ THE FOLLOWING TERMS AND CONDITIONS BEFORE AGREEING TO ACCESS AND DOWNLOAD THE AMERICAN RED CROSS MATERIALS. BY DOWNLOADING THE MATERIALS, YOU HEREBY AGREE TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS. The downloadable electronic materials, including all content, graphics, images and logos, are copyrighted by and the exclusive property of The American National Red Cross (“Red Cross”). Unless otherwise indicated in writing by the Red Cross, the Red Cross grants you (“recipient”) the limited right to download, print, photocopy and use the electronic materials, subject to the following restrictions: ■ The recipient is prohibited from selling electronic versions of the materials. ■ The recipient is prohibited from revising, altering, adapting or modifying the materials. ■ The recipient is prohibited from creating any derivative works incorporating, in part or in whole, the content of the materials...

Words: 85148 - Pages: 341

Free Essay

Violators of Human Rights

...When I think of violators of Human Rights, one entity comes to mind and that entity is the New York Police Department. For far too long, the New York Police Department has continuously been accused of using excessive and abusive force to achieve arrests. Unfortunately, it doesn’t matter to the officers whether these people are guilty or not. In the United States Constitution, it reads, “innocent until proven guilty” but according to the New York Police Department these people are “guilty until proven innocent.” This happens in the smallest and largest of situations, from a simple traffic stop to the arrest of a so called “lifelong” criminal. In this paper, through specific examples of the New York Police Department’s infringement upon the public’s basic human rights, I will prove not only is the New York Police Department in violation of United States law, but international law as well; specifically the Convention against Torture. I will also explain why it is vital to the safety of all New Yorker’s that these power hungry parasites be stopped! From a very young age we all are brought up with the façade that all police officers, not just the NYPD, are there to “serve” and “protect” the public. For example, parents teach their children that when they are in trouble or they are scared, to try and find a police officer to help them. On television when children do this the police officers seem to be cordial and willing to help. In the real world, this is not the case. To the...

Words: 5482 - Pages: 22

Free Essay

The History of Emergency Medical Services

...Emergency Medical Services: The Evolution Behind the System Russell Keogler CED 595: Project Seminar May 3, 2011 Dr. Richard Gatteau Abstract The purpose of this study is to determine the evolutionary process of the emergency medical services system. The research explores the impact of war and prominent military figures on the development of emergency medical services as well as civilian efforts made to establish emergency services within the public sector. The research also discusses the ways in which major medical advancements and various reports and acts of legislation played a crucial part in the development of the modern day EMS system. Overall, results show that the EMS system as we know it today is a fairly modern creation based on centuries’ worth of ideas and discoveries. Introduction In modern day America the three digits 9-1-1 signify an accessible lifeline for individuals in need of emergency medical attention. The vast system is accessible from any telephone line and provides emergency services to even the most remote locations of the country. However, in spite of the simplistic process to initiate services, the emergency medical system is very complex. Thousands of independent agencies working in different capacities must coordinate efforts to insure that the system runs efficiently. Without effective cooperation by organizations the system would undeniably fail to meet the expectations of those calling for medical aid (Limmer &...

Words: 10277 - Pages: 42

Free Essay

Emt Education Standards

...Emergency Medical Technician-Basic: National Standard Curriculum EMT-Basic: National Standard Curriculum Instructor's Course Guide ------------------------------------- EMT-BASIC: NATIONAL STANDARD CURRICULUM PROJECT DIRECTOR David J. Samuels, MBA System Director Samaritan AirEvac/Emergency Medical Services Samaritan Health System Phoenix, AZ CO-MEDICAL DIRECTORS Henry C. Bock, MD, FACEP Emergency Physician Methodist Hospital of Indiana, Inc. Indianapolis, IN Kimball I. Maull, MD, FACS Director R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Center Baltimore, MD PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR Walt A. Stoy, Ph.D., EMT-P Director of Educational Programs Center for Emergency Medicine Research Assistant Professor of Medicine University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine Pittsburgh, PA Contract Number DTNH22-90-C-05189 -------------------------------------United States Department of Transportation National Highway Traffic Safety Administration EMT-Basic: National Standard Curriculum i EMT-Basic: National Standard Curriculum Instructor's Course Guide ------------------------------------- CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT GROUP James Bothwell, EMT-P National Flight Paramedics Association William Brown, RN, NREMT-P National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians Ricky Davidson International Association of Fire Chiefs Karla Holmes, RN National Council of State EMS Training Coordinators Richard Judd, Ph.D., EMSI National Association of Emergency Medical Technicians Kathryn Lewis, RN, Ph...

Words: 36133 - Pages: 145

Free Essay

Case Study

...Workplace Harassment and Violence Report Jacquie Carr, Community Researcher Audrey Huntley, Community Researcher Barbara MacQuarrie, Centre for Research on Violence Against Women and Children, University of Western Ontario Sandy Welsh, Department of Sociology, University of Toronto Names are listed in alphabetical order and reflect varied, but equal contributions to the overall project and report. We are grateful to Status of Women Canada for funding this project and for the continued sponsorship of the Ontario Coalition of Rape Crisis Centres. We also thank the members of our Advisory Committee for pushing and challenging us throughout this project. We thank the women who facilitated focus groups and helped us contact the women in this study. Finally, this report would not be possible without the contributions of the women who told us about their experiences. © 2004 Centre for Research on Violence Against Women and Children ISBN# 0-9688655-3-4 1 “To understand violence, we have to examine both the personal experience and the terrain of that experience.” Dr. Yasmin Jiawani This report is built on the personal experiences of women who have experienced workplace harassment, but their stories are also about the “terrain” or the context of those experiences. In drawing out the commonalities of their experiences, we have begun to shed light on the terrain. We must transform the terrain if women are to have equality and safety in their workplaces...

Words: 63386 - Pages: 254

Premium Essay

Blood Work

...Essentials Ruth E. McCall, BS, MT (ASCP) Retired Program Director and Instructor Central New Mexico Community College Albuquerque, New Mexico President, NuHealth Educators, LLC Faculty, Emeritus Phoenix College Phoenix, Arizona Fifth Edition Cathee M. Tankersley, BS, MT (ASCP) Acquisitions Editor: Peter Sabatini Product Manager: Meredith L. Brittain Marketing Manager: Shauna Kelley Designer: Holly McLaughlin Production Services: Aptara, Inc. Fifth Edition Copyright © 2012, 2008 by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, a Wolters Kluwer business. Two Commerce Square 2001 Market Street Philadelphia, PA 19103 351 West Camden Street Baltimore, MD 21201 Printed in China All rights reserved. This book is protected by copyright. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, including as photocopies or scanned-in or other electronic copies, or utilized by any information storage and retrieval system without written permission from the copyright owner, except for brief quotations embodied in critical articles and reviews. Materials appearing in this book prepared by individuals as part of their official duties as U.S. government employees are not covered by the above-mentioned copyright. To request permission, please contact Lippincott Williams & Wilkins at Two Commerce Square, 2001 Market Street, Philadelphia, PA 19103, via email at permissions@lww.com, or via website at lww.com (products and services). 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Library of Congress...

Words: 129902 - Pages: 520

Free Essay

Grammar Worksheet

...GLENCOE LANGUAGE ARTS Grammar and Language Workbook G RADE 9 Glencoe/McGraw-Hill Copyright © by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Send all inquiries to: Glencoe/McGraw-Hill 936 Eastwind Drive Westerville, Ohio 43081 ISBN 0-02-818294-4 Printed in the United States of America 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 024 03 02 01 00 99 Contents Handbook of Definitions and Rules .........................1 Troubleshooter ........................................................21 Part 1 Grammar ......................................................45 Unit 1 Parts of Speech 1.1 Nouns: Singular, Plural, and Collective ....47 1.2 Nouns: Proper and Common; Concrete and Abstract.................................49 1.3 Pronouns: Personal and Possessive; Reflexive and Intensive...............................51 1.4 Pronouns: Interrogative and Relative; Demonstrative and Indefinite .....................53 1.5 Verbs: Action (Transitive/Intransitive) ......55 1.6 Verbs: Linking .............................................57 1.7 Verb Phrases ................................................59 1.8 Adjectives ....................................................61 1.9 Adverbs........................................................63 1.10 Prepositions...

Words: 107004 - Pages: 429

Premium Essay

Jedi

...Generated by ABC Amber LIT Convertera http://www.processtext.com/abclit.html Killing Dance(v2.1) Anita Blake - Vampire Hunter Book 6 Laurell K. Hamilton, 1997 Anita Blake, vampire hunter, is now herself a hunted woman. Who put the $500,000 price on her head--a man or a monster? It's not just her own skin she needs to save; the rivalry between her werewolf boyfriend, Richard, and Marcus, the other alpha werewolf in his pack, has come to full boil. And there's always Jean-Claude, the vampire who's been waiting for just the right moment to slip inside Anita's head and heart. 1 The most beautiful corpse I'd ever seen was sitting behind my desk. Jean-Claude's white shirt gleamed in the light from the desk lamp. A froth of lace spilled down the front, peeking from inside his black velvet jacket. I stood behind him, my back to the wall, arms crossed over my stomach, which put my right hand comfortably close to the Browning Hi-Power in its shoulder holster. I wasn't about to draw on Jean-Claude. It was the other vampire I was worried about. The desk lamp was the only light in the room. The vampire had requested the overheads be turned out. His name was Sabin, and he stood against the far wall, huddling in the dark. He was covered head to foot in a black, hooded cape. He looked like something out of an old Vincent Price movie. I'd never seen a real vampire dress like that. The last member of our happy little group was Dominic Dumare. He sat in one of the client chairs. He was...

Words: 138333 - Pages: 554

Free Essay

Twilight

...Breaking Dawn Stephenie “Cockblock” Meyer Copyright© 2008 by Stephenie Meyer. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the U.S. Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Little, Brown and Company Hachette Book Group USA 237 Park Avenue, New York, NY 10017 Visit our Web site atwww.lb-teens.com First eBook Edition: August 2008 Little, Brown and Company is a division of Hachette Book Group USA,Inc. The Little, Brown name and logo are trademarks of Hachette Book Group USA, Inc. Epigraph for Book Three from Empire by Orson Scott Card. A Tor Book. Published by Tom Doherty Associates,LLC. Copyright© 2006 by Orson Scott Card. Reprinted with permission of the author. The characters and events portrayed in this book are fictitious. Any similarity to real persons, living or dead, is coincidental and not intended by the author. ISBN: 978-0-316-03283-4 Contents BOOK ONE: BELLA Preface 1. Engaged 2. Long Night 3. Big Day 4.Gesture 5. Isle Esme 6. Distractions 7. Unexpected BOOK TWO: JACOB Preface 8. Waiting For The Damn Fight To Start Already 9. Sure As Hell Didn't See That One Coming 10. Why Didn't I Just Walk Away? Oh Right, Because I'm An Idiot. 11. The Two Things At The Very Top Of My Things-I-Never-Want-To-Do List 12. Some People Just Don't Grasp The Concept...

Words: 188421 - Pages: 754

Free Essay

Test2

...62118 0/nm 1/n1 2/nm 3/nm 4/nm 5/nm 6/nm 7/nm 8/nm 9/nm 1990s 0th/pt 1st/p 1th/tc 2nd/p 2th/tc 3rd/p 3th/tc 4th/pt 5th/pt 6th/pt 7th/pt 8th/pt 9th/pt 0s/pt a A AA AAA Aachen/M aardvark/SM Aaren/M Aarhus/M Aarika/M Aaron/M AB aback abacus/SM abaft Abagael/M Abagail/M abalone/SM abandoner/M abandon/LGDRS abandonment/SM abase/LGDSR abasement/S abaser/M abashed/UY abashment/MS abash/SDLG abate/DSRLG abated/U abatement/MS abater/M abattoir/SM Abba/M Abbe/M abbé/S abbess/SM Abbey/M abbey/MS Abbie/M Abbi/M Abbot/M abbot/MS Abbott/M abbr abbrev abbreviated/UA abbreviates/A abbreviate/XDSNG abbreviating/A abbreviation/M Abbye/M Abby/M ABC/M Abdel/M abdicate/NGDSX abdication/M abdomen/SM abdominal/YS abduct/DGS abduction/SM abductor/SM Abdul/M ab/DY abeam Abelard/M Abel/M Abelson/M Abe/M Aberdeen/M Abernathy/M aberrant/YS aberrational aberration/SM abet/S abetted abetting abettor/SM Abeu/M abeyance/MS abeyant Abey/M abhorred abhorrence/MS abhorrent/Y abhorrer/M abhorring abhor/S abidance/MS abide/JGSR abider/M abiding/Y Abidjan/M Abie/M Abigael/M Abigail/M Abigale/M Abilene/M ability/IMES abjection/MS abjectness/SM abject/SGPDY abjuration/SM abjuratory abjurer/M abjure/ZGSRD ablate/VGNSDX ablation/M ablative/SY ablaze abler/E ables/E ablest able/U abloom ablution/MS Ab/M ABM/S abnegate/NGSDX abnegation/M Abner/M abnormality/SM abnormal/SY aboard ...

Words: 113589 - Pages: 455