...Problem-Solving Process William Frainier HUM/114 October 16, 2012 Amanda Halperin The situation I will be discussing in this paper is dealing with a family member who is an alcoholic. This would be categorized as a problem because all people would agree that alcoholism is dangerous and destructive. If this were an issue, people would have varying points of view on whether or not alcoholism is bad. I have never experienced anyone who disagrees with the problem of alcoholism. I would express this problem as creating a solution to enlighten the family member on the dangers of alcohol, getting them to admit they have a problem, and convincing them to seek treatment. In my experience, I have found that most addicts do not want to see that they are being destructive or that they have a problem. Because of this, I will need to research the causes of and treatments for alcoholism in order to create an effective plan of action. Researching medical journals on the subject should provide me with the biological factors that make someone an alcoholic. It is important to understand the physiology of this addiction in order to acknowledge that alcoholism may not be purely psychological. I would also research psychological studies on the subject to learn why some people turn to self-medication in order to suppress their emotions. Attending local alcoholics’ anonymous meetings would also provide insight into the...
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...Solving Problems with the Creative Process Throughout the times of our lives we are all subjected to problems or issues that we must deal with. Some are things that occur to us that we need to fix, while others occur around us that we wonder how the outcome could be different. The key to handling problems and issues is how and in what way we handle them. Being a critical and creative thinker, while implementing the steps of the creative process, can make a world of difference in the outcome of what we are handling or a change in the way that others look at the problem or issue in the future. Not only making things different for ourselves but also changing things for others around the country or even across the world. There are four stages to the creative process: searching for challenges, expressing the particular problem or issue, investigating it, and producing a range of ideas. In the first stage you are meeting challenges in an imaginative, original, and effective way. While searching for challenges you need to ensure that you are not looking at one specific time, but that you are constantly on the lookout for challenges. It’s importance is reflected in the fact that you can be creative only in response to the challenges that you perceive (Ruggiero, 2009.) There are six techniques that can be helpful to you in this stage: be observant, look for imperfections in things, note your own and other dissatisfactions, search for causes, be sensitive to implications...
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...his research paper focuses on the integration of creative problem solving process and how it affects the academic performance of the students. Its primary purpose is to introduce new strategies into the realm of teaching that is both effective and interactive. This paper also made use of a quasi experimental design where two classes were selected, one as the experimental group and the other as control group. After more than two weeks of treatment, it was found out that creative problem solving has made a significant difference in the performance of both groups most especially to the experimental group where creative problem solving process was used. It was very evident in the result of the pretest and posttest results. This would simply imply that teacher centered learning concept or commonly known as traditional concept may still be effective but integrating creative problem solving is also very advisable since we are in an age of paradigm shift. This paper would be of great help to teachers for it will foster new kind of learning and to the students for it will address the concept of diversity of learners. Introduction Teaching offers a bright and rewarding career for those who can meet the intellectual and social challenges of the job. In our society teachers are given professional status as experts and professionals. They are expected to use “best practice to help students learn essential skills and attitudes. It is no longer sufficient for teachers to be warm and loving...
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...1 Welcome to Entrepreneurship and Business Dr Kenny Wong Meng Seng ELG 16 wong.mengseng@nottingham.edu.my 2 Entrepreneurship and Business • Core module for all 1st year undergraduate students in NUBS • Also be offered to students from all other schools at the University of Nottingham • Designed to raise student’s awareness and understanding of some of the key elements of entrepreneurial creativity, as well as entrepreneurship in practice. • Many fundamental principles underpinning successful entrepreneurship can be applied in a much wider variety of situations. • Improve their individual skills in terms of creative problem solving and organisational effectiveness. 3 Entrepreneurship and Business Module Sessions • Combination of lectures and mentored group work sessions. Venue: F1A15, on Wednesday in Semester 1, Time: 11:00 – 1:00 pm. • Mentored group work sessions will be held in separate sittings throughout the day in Four sessions specified in the timetable. It will be announced in Week 5. • Students will be asked to self-select their project teams to fit into one of these four sittings, during which they will work through group work in a mentored environment. Groups will not be allowed to change sittings during the course of the module. Course Time Table • Week 2: Wednesday 25th September 2013 – Lecture – – – – Module Introduction and Rationale Course structure and rationale The importance of an integrative learning approach Why study Entrepreneurship...
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...Week 2: Solve a Problem Exercise PHL/458 May 8, 2013 University of Phoenix Challenges sometimes present themselves in ways that require no in depth thought to determine they are present. Often times they will materialize in the shape of an obvious issue or problem. Challenges are not always presented in this way; they may offer a chance to improve a current situation. Thinking creatively is planning for the best and preparing for the worst; to constantly seek out new solutions. Determine the optimum method for stating the problem. You should state every solution from every angle to eliminate the complex from the simpler. Choosing the right solution is the most complicated part of this course, and you may find it more beneficial to determine which solution provides the best outcome after we reviewed more facts and suggestions offered. Ensure to collect and analyze all information to deal with the issue or problem at hand. Appropriate investigative ways incorporate thinking about experiences, obtaining any related information through recently experience, securing interviews with persons knowledgeable on the subject matter. Acquiring any information to help formulate a solution will only benefit you throughout the process. “Every time you address a problem and try to find solutions, stretch your mind a little, reach for thoughts a little more daring than you have entertained before Vincent (2009).” Brainstorming the problem allows you to offer up as many solutions...
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...2) and that greater ability to justify their dishonest behavior explained the link between creativity and increased dishonesty (Experiments 3 and 4). Finally, we demonstrate that dispositional creativity moderates the influence of temporarily priming creativity on dishonest behavior (Experiment 5). The results provide evidence for an association between creativity and dishonesty, thus highlighting a dark side of creativity. Keywords: creativity, ethics, morality, moral flexibility, unethical behavior Evil always turns up in this world through some genius or other. —Denis Diderot (1713–1784) The ability to generate novel ideas and think creatively about problems has long been considered an important skill for individuals as well as for organizations and societies. Creative thinking allows individuals to solve problems effectively (Mumford & Gustafson, 1988) and to remain flexible (Flach, 1990) so that they can cope with the opportunities and changes in their day-to-day lives (Runco, 2004). At a more macro...
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...Problem-Solving Mary Callaway, Bridgett Jones, Diane Redmond, and Sandra Solis PSYCH/560 March 19, 2012 Isabelle Ragsdale Problem-Solving Problem-solving requires many components to achieve the result such as identifying the problem, what the problem represents creativity, approach, and many more. A few of the approaches of problem-solving, which aid in uncovering a solution are a few of the following, such as unidentified assessment, procedure, technique, and the arrangement of the problem. Problem-solving occurs in every area of life because problems occur in daily life. Insight and creativity in problem-solving allow the person to use imagination, critical thinking skills, and creativity to develop a solution to his or her problem. Therefore, insight and creativity are two important factors in problem-solving. The constraints of a problem depend upon problem representation to uncover ways to solve the problem. In addition, problem representation forces a person to empower his or her cognitive skills to investigate problems. Analyzing the abilities and functions of reasoning, judgment, and decision-making in problem-solving process occurs to determine the existence of new measures in the decision and reasoning approaches in the search for ethical solutions. The ethical solutions in problem-solving guarantee the results are trustworthy and accurate. Therefore, the need for accurate problem-solving skills is a necessity to find solutions to problems people experience. Approaches...
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...Making and Problem Solving: Benefits and Techniques Defining Problem Solving and Decision Making Definition of a Problem: A problem exists when there is a gap between what you expect to happen and what actually happens. Definition of Decision Making: Decision making is selecting a course of action from among available alternatives. The Difference between Decision Making and Problem Solving While both processes are systematic, problem solving involves defining a problem and creating solutions for it. Decision making is selecting a course of action from among available alternatives. Problem solving always involves decision making. However, not all decision making involves solving a problem. For example, a supervisor may have to make decisions about employees, resources, workload, etc. without having a problem to solve. Problem-Solving and Decision-Making Process Problem solving is a process in which we perceive and resolve a gap between a present situation and a desired goal, with the path to the goal blocked by known or unknown obstacles. In general, the situation is one not previously encountered, or where at least a specific solution from past experiences is not known. In contrast, decision making is a selection process where one of two or more possible solutions is chosen to reach a desired goal. The steps in both problem solving and decision making are quite similar. In fact, the terms are sometimes used interchangeably. Steps in Decision Making Process You...
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...Problem Solving and Decision Making: Consideration of Individual Differences Using the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator William G. Huitt Citation: Huitt, W. (1992). Problem solving and decision making: Consideration of individual differences using the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator. Journal of Psychological Type, 24, 33-44. Retrieved from [date] http://www.edpsycinteractive.org/papers/prbsmbti.html Return to: | Readings in Educational Psychology | Educational Psychology Interactive | Abstract Improving individuals' and groups' abilities to solve problems and make decisions is recognized as an important issue in education, industry, and government. Recent research has identified a prescriptive model of problem solving, although there is less agreement as to appropriate techniques. Separate research on personality and cognitive styles has identified important individual differences in how people approach and solve problems and make decisions. This paper relates a model of the problem-solving process to Jung's theory of personality types (as measured by the MBTI) and identifies specific techniques to support individual differences. The recent transition to the information age has focused attention on the processes of problem solving and decision making and their improvement (e.g., Nickerson, Perkins, & Smith, 1985; Stice, 1987; Whimbey & Lochhead, 1982). In fact, Gagne (1974, 1984) considers the strategies used in these processes to be a primary outcome of modern education...
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...Problem Solving Paper Psych. 560 June 24, 2013 Prof. Pitt Problem Solving Paper Problem solving skills are a necessity in order to make effective decisions and manage a team. Without problem solving skills it is impossible for one to be credible and make reliable decisions each and every time. Problem-solving is a mental process that is used to discover, analyze, and solve problems. When problem solving, the ultimate goal is to conquer hurdles and come up with the best solution. Discovering and identifying the Problem can be complicated process. When individuals mistakenly identify the source of a problem incorrectly it will most often lead to inefficient or useless attempts to solve it. The aim of this paper is to identify the approaches to the study of problem-solving and inform the role of insight and creativity in the process of problem solving. The paper also seeks to examine issues with representation and solution. As well as examining the role of reasoning, judgment, and decision making in the process of problem-solving. Approaches to the Study of Problem-Solving The approaches to the study of problem solving include Behaviorism, Gestalt psychology and Cognitive Psychology. Behaviorism concentrates on what goes on in minds and solemnly focuses on general behavior. Discovered in the early twenties by John Watson but made popular by B.F Skinner, behaviorism concentrates on what goes on in minds and solemnly focuses on general behavior. They came up with a principle...
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...Metacognitive Aspect of mathematics Problem Solving Hwa Tee Yong and Lau Ngee Kiong MARA University of Technology Malaysia Abstract If students are to excel on both the routine mathematics skills and the problem-solving skills, teachers must place emphasis on both the mathematical contents and the mathematical processes in the teaching and learning of mathematics. This paper presents the theoretical rationale and the importance of metacognition to the learning of mathematics. A project was conducted on students of around sixteen years of age and the findings indicated that students did employ the four phases of problem solving emphasized by George Polya. However, students fared better when they regulated their thinking process or employed metacognitive skills in the process of solving mathematics problems. This paper also suggests the strength of a mixed methodology in doing research by expanding an understanding from one methodology to another, and converging findings from different data sources. Introduction Twenty-first century mathematics education is about facing novel real-world problems, nurturing creative thinking skills and cultivating productive ways of learning. In attempting to innovate teaching and learning in order to prepare a new generation for the demands of this new era, many educators have discovered the value of metacognition. Mathematics is always one of the difficult subjects for school students. Von Glaserfeld (1995) says: [Educators]...
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...The Effect of “Front-Loading” Problem-Solving on Product Development Performance Stefan Thomke and Takahiro Fujimoto In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the link between problemsolving capabilities and product development performance. In this article, the authors apply a problem-solving perspective to the management of product development and suggest how shifting the identification and solving of problems—a concept that they define as front-loading—can reduce development time and cost and thus free up resources to be more innovative in the marketplace. The authors develop a framework of front-loading problem-solving and present related examples and case evidence from development practice. These examples include Boeing’s and Chrysler’s experience with the use of “digital mock-ups” to identify interference problems that are very costly to solve if identified further downstream—sometimes as late as during or—after first full-scale assembly. In the article, the authors propose that front-loading can be achieved using a number of different approaches, two of which are discussed in detail: (1) projectto-project knowledge transfer—leverage previous projects by transferring problem and solution-specific information to new projects; and (2) rapid problemsolving—leverage advanced technologies and methods to increase the overall rate at which development problems are identified and solved. Methods for improving project-to-project knowledge transfer include the effective...
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...Analyzing the Decision-Making and Problem-Solving Processes Suman Shreshta Byanju BSAD 320 Professor: James young Date: 11/16/2013 In my opinion, decision-making is the process of selecting the right course of action from different alternatives. Decision-making is the final choice and output can be action or an opinion of choice. Problem solving is the process of eradicating problems that are a hindrance to the company objective by finding proper solutions. In other word, problem solving is to eliminate the problem space between the current state and desired state of a company. When there is a gap between desired state and current state in companies, problem exists. Problem solving involves defining the problem and creating solutions for it where as decision-making is selecting a course of action from among available alternatives. Problem solving always involves the decision-making. However, there are many situations where we have to take decision even there is no problem, for example, the relocation of employees or the promotion situation. In my finding, below are the most important steps of problem solving skills, which involves decision-making: 1. Identify and define the problems: First of all, it should be analyzed that it is a problem or just an effects of problems. Diagnose a situation so that the focus is on the real problem, not just on its symptoms. Symptoms become evident before the problem does. This process separate fact from opinion and speculation,...
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...T E A M S It’s All About Improving Performance Teams work better with expanded problem solving and decision making skills by Helene F. Uhlfelder E VERYONE KNOWS THAT THE PURPOSE OF teams is high performance. In the past it was enough that teams or quality circles got involved in solving problems and sharing some of the decision-making responsibilities. Now the success of organizations hinges on the ability of teams to make tough decisions and solve complex problems on a daily basis. This article’s aim is to provide a better understanding of the factors that influence problem solving and decision making and to provide a seven-step model and procedures to use to improve team performance. improvement cultures or team systems teach their employees tools to use in reaching decisions and solving problems. Whether these tools have four steps or seven steps, they have four basic components: problem definition, data collection to verify the root cause of the problem, solution generation and action planning, including a mechanism for tracking how well the chosen solution works. These tools are sometimes not used at all and sometimes are used religiously for everything. Yet, it is rare to find teams that understand the nature of problems and know how to choose the right tool or technique to use in a A different mind-set particular situation. Most organizations that implement total quality management, continuous Furthermore, team...
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...Section 5 INTRODUCTION TO PROBLEM SOLVING Key Points 1 2 3 Army Decision Making The Seven Problem Solving Steps The Leader’s Role e A good leader must sometimes be stubborn. Armed with the courage of his convictions, he must often fight to defend them. When he has come to a decision after thorough analysis—and when he is sure he is right— he must stick to it even to the point of stubbornness. General of the Army Omar Bradley Tactics and Techniques Track Introduction to Problem Solving n 281 Introduction As an Army leader, you will be involved in problem solving daily. Some problems are simple and only require you to use your intuition, experience, and best judgment. At other times, however, you will face problems that are more complex. These require you to follow a systematic approach to define and analyze the problem, develop and analyze possible solutions, choose the best solution, and implement a plan of action. The amount of time and resources you apply to any given problem depends on its complexity, the amount of time available, and your experience as a leader. In this section, you will learn about the Army problem solving process— a systematic, logical approach to problem solving and decision making designed to help leaders make better decisions. As a junior officer, you may not face a decision on the scale of that facing BG John Buford on 30 June 1863. But using this systematic approach to problem solving can help you make decisions as solid as...
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