...Homeless Youth: Research, Intervention, and Policy by Karen Spuriel Coleman- MBA Abstract Homelessness among youth in the U.S. is disturbingly common, with an estimated annual prevalence of at least 5 percent for those ages 12 to 17. Although homeless youth appear throughout the nation, they are most visible in major cities. Rigorous research on this special population is sparse, making it difficult to capture an accurate and complete picture. Despite its limitations, recent research describes homeless youth as a large and diverse group. Many homeless youth have multiple overlapping problems including medical, substance abuse, and emotional and mental problems. Literature suggests that comprehensive and tailored services are needed that address both the immediate and long-term needs of homeless youth. Where appropriate, services should include assistance with meeting basic needs as perceived by youth as a gateway to other needed services. In addition to serving those already homeless, interventions are needed to prevent homelessness among at-risk youth. Lessons for Practitioners, Policy Makers, and Researchers • As used here, the term “homeless youth” focuses on minors who have experienced literal homelessness on their own—i.e., who have spent at least one night either in a shelter or "on the streets" without adult supervision. On occasion, where warranted by the research being discussed, the term is also used to describe homeless young adults up to age 24. • Homelessness...
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...S. M., & Blumenkrantz, D. G. (1991). Teenage runaways: Treatment in the context of the family and beyond. Journal Of Family Psychotherapy, 2(2), 15-29. doi:10.1300/j085V02N02_02 This research article is a literature review about the various treatment strategies for working with the family of a runaway teenager. The article looks specifically into various external factors such as the schools and legal systems and how they may interact with and influence family therapy. This literature review includes a few clinical examples about the role of the family therapists and how they navigate various external factors and address internal family dynamics. Melander, L. A., & Tyler, K. A. (2010). The effect of early maltreatment, victimization,...
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...treated worse than their male counterparts. This article uses data from six sites in the United States to determine if females are really treated worse than males. The results from this study shows bias against female offenders for some offenses and against boys for others. There is no consistency across the country that shows that these patterns hold true in every jurisdiction. Johnson, David R., and Laurie K. Scheuble. "GENDER BIAS IN THE DISPOSITION OF JUVENILE COURT REFERRALS: THE EFFECTS OF TIME AND LOCATION*." Criminology 29.4 (1991): 677-699. In this article it talks about a theory based on sex role traditionalism. It predicts a more punishing decision for female than for male offenders, while theory based on chivalry predicts greater leniency by the courts for female offenders. This is based on a sample of 36,680 juvenile court referrals in different jurisdictions over a nine year period. The authors use patterns of bias across time, location, offense committed and previous referrals to the court system. The theory that the authors use and support show the persistence of chivalry and a decline in sex role traditionalism in court decisions. Girls were found to be punished more than boys only if they are repeat offenders. Mann, C. R. (1979). The differential treatment between runaway boys and girls in juvenile court. Juvenile and Family Court Journal, 30(2), 37-48. In this article the author, Coramae Mann, talks...
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...to delinquency or criminal behavior, ranging from socioeconomic status to development, and may be understood and examined through the lens of multiple theories of crime. One variable in particular, the sexual maltreatment of young girls, could in fact be a major factor of female offending in adulthood. A study conducted by the Bureau of Justice Statistics in 1999 found that female offenders are abused more frequently than male offenders. While only...
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...|Risk Assessment Paper | |CJA 374 Juvenile Justice Systems and Processes | |Debbie Johnson | There are a number of similarities and contrasts in the nature of the two case studies that we are about to study. There is a need of the understanding of the situation, evaluation of various factors that would have an effect on the outcome so a risk assessment is generally performed. Thus a basis is formed on the basis of which solution to a problem is to be found. Colleen is a broken home about whom we will be studying in the first case study. There is a traversal of several hardships and negative effects for a child who is brought up in a broken home especially when they are entrant to the age of a juvenile. There are several physical and mental changes when a child goes through his stage of teens is the possible analyzed reason. There is a transformation from teens to adults and their mentors become there parents who diversify their efforts to the right path. Over the years a constant delinquency has been witnessed through Colleen. The classic delinquent action at this age is running away from home. Poverty, delinquency, passing away of the parents, abusive home, feeblemindedness, and poverty are several reasons why a child may run away from home (Brown, 1992). And when these children make their way out of home they land up mixing up with criminals or people who are shady. So these...
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...America. The atrocities that were allowed to occur for hundreds of year are revolting to think about. History books and classes often detail the horrors of slavery, and the effects it had on our agricultural economy. However, they do not really explain why the practice of slavery was allowed to flourish in the colonies. They just present the facts of its occurrence. They do not consider the mindset of the people who thought it was justifiable to enslave a specific race. This paper seeks to answer this question using evidence from the studies of Degler, the Handlins, and Morgan. Slavery was not brought into existence by any one singular variable. It is a combination of attitudes and circumstance. Specifically, a preexisting discrimination of darker skinned people by the British and colonists led to the foundation and inconsistent growth of slavery, while the economic factors caused for its widespread acceptance. For instance, there are many more cases of blacks being treated as slaves before the legal status of slave came into existence than there are of whites. In Degler’s article Genesis of American Race Paradox, he argues that racial discrimination was present from the beginning and that the institution of slavery was just the law catching up with the practice (Degler). This essay agrees with and will use many of the points he makes to argue how a predetermined attitude to the Africans created the basis of slavery, but will stop short of saying that is the sole determinant. The...
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...Risk Assessment In the risk assessment that there were two case studies which are similar however still have their differences in certain ways. The following assessment will identify ways in which the two cases are similar and how they differ. The principle of a risk assessment is to evaluate a scenario and suggest an idea or possible remedy in regards to the scenario involved. In reference to the assessment defined the two individuals are interesting when it comes to their activities and the situation involving the justice system. As this paper presumes it will identify the issues more in-depth and create ideas that may assist in restricting the scenario. Evaluation of Case Study Colleen The first case that will be defined is involving Colleen. The case study identified that she (Colleen) came from a broken family which be an influence when it comes to possible juvenile issues. By the time a juvenile reaches the age of 12 it is a prime point in their young teenage years in which they are in need of strong parenting. It is clear that there are often exceptions to each situation and that in some cases having both parents may not be an option due to unforeseen events. In the scenario involving Colleen, she displayed signs of juvenile delinquency when she admitted to running away from home. She clearly defined that over a course of years and on several occasions she made the choice of running away, and chose to become involved with the wrong crowd. Sarah Brown defines (1992)...
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...must know the true definition of such. There were many forms from running away, theft, practicing religion, rebel, and even speaking an African language was a sign of resistance. But were these acts of resistance only to push the boundaries of freedom, in this case slowly eroding the institution? Or did the slave’s act of resistance give them the incentive to work, ultimately supporting the institution. British North America, as soon as the slaves arrived in Chesapeake is where slave resistance began. Most acts of resistance were an attempt to gain a sense of freedom in an...
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...and decisions of the people (the individual and the wider society) involved. To begin with, Sime’s urban realism is used to depict the life of a woman during World War I. She discusses and expands on the idea of the new woman. Furthermore, she notes and how the emergence of this idea of the new woman had a great impact on society and the individual. More specifically, she points out how women went from noiseless to being heard. Furthermore, as we move from urban life to the prairies, Ross explores what is means to live and the effects of living in the prairies with prairie realism. The mother in Ross’ “The Runaway” experiences anger as a result of the great depression and the lifestyle...
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...dehumanizes human beings but also puts children and teenagers in harmful situations, which in some cases they can never recover from. “‘Human Trafficking’ is the modern term for forcing and transporting people into slavery—a crime as old as civilization…trafficking is a process that brings people into slavery” (Bales, “Human Trafficking”). Children in the sex industry are seen as mere toys that can be bought and disposed of when felt the need to. Traffickers lure teens and children with false pretenses of a safe haven but the reality is “a dizzying world of drugs, alcohol and repeated sex acts with an unknown number of men [and women],” (Maxwell 1). Under the haze of drugs and alcohol, children become unable to fight back or escape their oppressors. They are also more susceptible to trauma, which could lead to mental disorders such as Stockholm syndrome. This disorder causes the victims to develop feelings of trust and affection for their oppressors, thus further entangling them in the sex industry. Furthermore, instead of helping victims that are being sexually exploited, the government and society as a whole overlook the sexual exploitation of children and teenagers. “The Texas Department of Public Safety did not have records immediately available showing the number of human trafficking arrests made thus far this year” (“Human Trafficking too Difficult to Stop?” 1). In most cases, officers will arrest the exploited victim instead of the trafficker. Unjust arrests enables the...
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...PROJECT MANAGEMENT: Achieving Competitive Advantage By Jeffrey K. Pinto CHAPTER FIVE PROJECT PROFILE — Airbus A380: Plane of the Future or Enormous White Elephant? Introduction 5.1 CONCEPTUAL DEVELOPMENT The Statement of Work 5.2 THE SCOPE STATEMENT The Work Breakdown Structure Purpose of the Work Breakdown Structure The Organization Breakdown Structure The Responsibility Assignment Matrix 5.3 WORK AUTHORIZATION 5.4 SCOPE REPORTING Project Management Research in Brief: IT Project Failure – Burying Our Heads in the Sand 5.5 CONTROL SYSTEMS Configuration Management 5.6 PROJECT CLOSEOUT Summary Key Terms Discussion Questions Problems Case Study 5.1: Calcutta’s Metro Case Study 5.2: Project Management at Dotcom.com Cas Study 5.3: Runaway Scope – The Bradley Fighting Vehicle Internet Exercises MSProject Exercises Integrated Project – Developing the Work Breakdown Structure Bibliography TRANSPARENCIES 5.1 ELEMENTS IN PROJECT SCOPE MANAGEMENT 1. Conceptual Development - Problem statement - Information gathering - Constraints - Alternative analysis - Project objectives - Statement of Work (SOW) 2. Scope Statement - Goal criteria - Management plan - Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) - Scope baseline - Responsibility Assignment Matrix (RAM) 3. Work Authorization - Contractual requirements - Valid consideration - Contracted terms 5.1 ELEMENTS IN PROJECT SCOPE MANAGEMENT...
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...Steve Xiong Dave Althausen POLS 365Z October 12, 2015 Police Shooting In many cases, a man was slaughtered subsequent to displaying some sort of toy firearm, notwithstanding directing it at officers, a beyond any doubt welcome toward gunfire. Many individuals, at any rate, passed on in the wake of being stunned with electric immobilizers, some from pressure or stifling, and some from reasons that stay baffling. However, most were shooting. The slaughtering of an outfitted individual prompts dissents and is called unjustified, or the executing of an unarmed individual is viewed as advocated. Whether regular citizens believe the organizations of justice is integral to the idea of procedural equity. That is, the place the general population believes the success of the justice framework, it will present authenticity on those institutions. A noteworthy group of examination illustrates "open perceptions of the justice’s reasonableness framework in the United States are more critical in molding its authenticity than observations that it is effective." Where people in general have trust, it will authorize law authorization with authenticity; and when it does as such, it is flagging that the general population's ethical estimations of good and bad are adjusted to those of its police organizations. On the other hand, authenticity disintegrates when regular people are dealt with unreasonably and general society is left with the conclusion that police offices are not accountable....
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...Case Study: Apple Inc. In 2010, Apple had to delay the international launch of its iPad computer for a month, blaming ‘surprisingly strong US demand’ that was higher than the company’s ability to produce them. More than 500,000 were delivered to retailers and customers in its first week on sale, but these soon sold out. The company had planned to launch the touch-screen device internationally at the end of April, after beginning sales in the USA on 3 April. But the strong demand meant that it could not hit that date. The company said in a statement: ‘We will announce international pricing and begin taking online preorders on Monday, May 10. We know that many international customers waiting to buy an iPad will be disappointed by this news, but we hope they will be pleased to learn the reason—the iPad is a runaway success in the US thus far.’ The news was a disappointment to thousands of people outside the USA who wanted to get the machines as soon as possible. The iPad is a touch-screen computer with a 9.7-inch screen, which uses the same operating system as Apple’s iPhone and iPod Touch. It comes in two basic models: one with Wi-Fi wireless Internet connectivity and another with both Wi-Fi and 3G mobile connectivity. Although Apple announced the iPad in January and gave US pricing at the time—starting from $499 for the cheapest model—it repeatedly declined to give any guidance about international prices. That may be to give it room for manoeuvre and to let it raise the price...
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...committing any crimes against Rodney King. A year later LAPD sergeant stacey Koon and officer Powell were convicted by a federal jury for violating the civil rights of Rodney King after riots in Los Angeles. Another example is the case of 1997 involving Abner Louima, who is a haitian immigrant that was abused by new york city police officers. Mr. Louima suffered a torn bladder and intestine, the police officers rammed a toilet plunger up his rectum and mouth at the Brooklyn police station. Several of the officers pled guilty or were convicted in federal courts. For most recent case in 2011 Kenneth Chamberlain Sr, a 67- year old African AMerican who was unarmed was shot to death by White Plains New York police Officers. Chamberlain who is a retired veteran of the U.S Marine Corps, suffered from chronic heart condition and wore appendant to signal life Aid, had mistakenly triggered his medical alert, and although he told police he was ok and didn't need assistance he still ended up in a hour long standoff with police. Witnesses reported the officers using the “N” word. Police would eventually break into chamberlain apartment and shot him with a stun gun and beanbag shotgun. Recently the District Attorney's office announced they would present the case to a grand...
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...Make a list of differences in complimentary goods and substitutes goods. 4. “Elasticity of supply is the degree of responsiveness of quantity supplied to a given change in price”. Explain this definition. Section C (50 marks) (Attempt all questions. Every question carries 10 marks) Read the case “Apple Inc.” and answer the following questions: Case Study: Apple Inc. In 2010, Apple had to delay the international launch of its iPad computer for a month, blaming ‘surprisingly strong US demand’ that was higher than the company’s ability to produce them. More than 500,000 were delivered to retailers and customers in its first week on sale, but these soon sold out. The company had planned to launch the touch-screen device internationally at the end of April, after beginning sales in the USA on 3 April. But the strong demand meant that it could not hit that date. The company said in a statement: ‘We will announce international pricing and begin taking online preorders on Monday, May 10. We know that many international customers waiting to buy an iPad will be disappointed by this news, but we hope they will be pleased to learn the reason—the iPad is a runaway success in the US thus far.’ The news was a disappointment to thousands of people outside the USA who wanted to get the machines as soon as possible. The iPad is a touch-screen computer with a 9.7-inch screen, which uses the same operating system as Apple’s iPhone and iPod Touch. It...
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