...The Color of Sin: White and Black And Perceptual Symbols of Moral Purity and Pollution. Sherman and Clore (2009) aimed to look at aimed to look at three different conditions involving moral and immoral words appearing in either black or white. They also wanted to see if the time taken to name a colour differs when it black which connects to immorality or in white which relates to morality. In addition to this they added in 2 conditions which took place before naming the colours. They used a series of metaphors in order to explain many of their concepts. Their first study was based on an experiment done by Meier et al (2004) using the Stroop colour- word task (1935). They used the same words and found that immorality-blackness associations operate quickly and automatically. These associations influenced performance on the Stroop task, so a task that requires identifying colours does not require any moral evaluation and can be performed quickly. The second study was the same as the first but used a new set of words, in order to test whether the moral Stroop effect is susceptible to conditions that make immorality more prominent, this was similar to a study by Zhong and Liljenquist (2006). Alongside this task another small task was introduced where they had to read a story which either had a morally wrong or right answer. After analysis of the results they found that people, who showed no Stroop effect initially, were affected by simply being exposed to unethical behaviour...
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...2. Review of literature 2.1 The incidence of sin taxes 2.2 The incidence of tax on pure rent in a small open economy 2.3 Tax incidence in bargaining 2.4 The general equilibrium incidence of environmental taxes 2.5 The tax system incidence on unemployment: A country specific analysis for the OECD economies: 2.6 Tax and subsidy incidence equivalence theories: experimental evidence from competitive markets 2.7 Tax incidence under oligopoly: a comparison of policy approaches 2.8 The incidence of income tax on wages and labour supply 2.9 The incidence of personal income taxation: evidence from the tax reform act of 1986: 2.10 Tax incidence when individuals are time-inconsistent: the case of cigarette excise tax 3. Conclusion References 1. Introduction: Government generally collect taxes to generate revenue and question arise here is that after imposition of taxation, which group will bear the tax burden. After implementation of tax, there would be the division of tax burden between byres and sellers which is known as tax incidence. Tax incidence is linked to the price elasticity of demand and supply. If supply is more elastic than demand then the tax burden falls upon the buyers and when the demand is more elastic than supply then the producers will bear the cost of the tax. Tax incidence is basically the analysis of the effect of taxation on the distribution of economic welfare. Tax incidence...
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...Short Essay #1 Short Essay on Hamartiology Harmartiology is the study of sin. Many people have confusion on the reason why it existent’s when God created the world. Recently, a neighbor questions the very thing. He’s having trouble with his faith and doesn’t understand why natural catastrophes, disease’s and other things that plagued humans. Before this question can be answered it’s important to know the truth of evil in a Biblical view. The problem with evil is the perception of what it is. In today’s society evil acts are not considered evil; most are justified for the purpose. Evil is an act of that is not “not in the keeping with the nature or will of God.”[1] If a person decides to commit adultery repeatedly, the excuse could be because he/she does not feel loved; therefore the act is justified and excusable. Conversely, that is not the case. The act is a sin, period. Humans are called to live according to Gods laws and when people commit sin it’s important to repent and turn from sin, which is seen in 2 Chronicles 7:14, “if my people who are called by my name humble themselves, and pray and seek my face, and turn from their wicked ways, then I will hear from heaven, and will forgive their sin and heal their land”. In today’s society people do not look at sin as evil acts that hurt people, when people are hurt then the question becomes “If there was a God, why is their pain; a good God wouldn’t hurt the ones He loves.” There are two types of evil, moral...
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...in concerning the environment and its preservation and restoration? Research reveals that God requires mankind to contribute as caretakers and stewards over His wonderful creation. The Reason for Christian Environmentalism The dictionary definition for environmentalism is expressed as: “Advocacy of the preservation, restoration, or improvement of the natural environment; especially: the movement to control pollution.” The primary foundational reason for the practice of environmentalism is, because of the universal pollution inflicted upon all of creation as a result and consequence of mankind’s Original Sin. The fallen angel Satan introduced sin into the universe in his rebellion against God; and the first human parents, Adam and Eve contaminated all of mankind in their sin and rebellion against God. Those dreadful actions committed by Satan and Adam and Eve resulted in the pronouncement of God’s curse upon the earth; exhibiting spiritual and physical death and eternal separation from God. This grave disaster implemented the decay and pollution of the...
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...Within Nathaniel Hawthorne's novel The Scarlet Letter, there are elements such as irony and truth that present themselves through deliberate syntactic manipulation. Hawthorne expresses his truth through irony, whether that be with situational, dramatic, and/or verbal. This novel was written with the intentional purpose of analysis. It’s essential to first ascertain the simple truth mentioned in the previous paragraph, and that would be desire. The desire the “godly” Reverend Dimmesdale feels contrasts to his reverential title. Such an ascetic man had been so hypocritical regarding abstinence, yet when he “confessed” his sin, he was praised. He had had sexual intercourse with a married woman, but the people related to his sermon. “...I, your...
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...The Hatred towards Deviations Everyone is important and special no matter their differences, these differences is what makes every person unique. In the fictional text Chrysalids by John Wyndham, this paragraph represents a true disrespect towards those with deviations. This paragraph has many monosyllabic words such as “to”, but also has many polysyllabic words such as “ashamed”. The following theme is represented through the cacophonous words used such “mockery”, “enemies”, “criminal”, “struck” and “blasphemy”. The paragraph depicts difference as sin, and only those who are norm are superior. A major factor of this paragraph is what Joseph (David’s father) is saying to Aunt Harriet (David’s aunt). In the past, Aunt Harriet had asked her sister (David’s mother) if she could switch her baby (who had a deviation) with her sister’s child Petra (who had no physical deviations). She wanted to do so, because when the inspector did a check it would confirm that her daughter was a norm. Surprisingly, it is unknown the deviation Aunt Harriet‘s baby has. Almost immediately Joseph is starts overreacting and disrespecting Aunt Harriet and her child. He is very hubris, arrogant and very persistent. It is ironic because he says “I am merciful man” (Wyndham), when in reality this is very untrue because he lacks the virtue of mercy. In the same...
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...Chritians Must Take Action Christians Must Take Action to Restore the Environment Ashley Boosalis Manalili Liberty University Introduction As Children of God we have a duty to help the environment and restore all that God has created. In Genesis 2:15, the Bibles states that, “The Lord God took the man and put him in the Garden of Eden to work it and take care of it.” We were put on the Earth that God has created to take care of everything He has placed on it in Adams place. We are to do so in His image. Some would argue that humans are more important and we need to worry about our existent before the environment, but that is not the case. By cutting down on pollution, recycling and conserving water; Christians are not only taking action to restore the environment, bet setting a good example on how to act and take care of Gods creation. Conserving Water “On average, 10 gallons per day of your water footprint (or 14% of your indoor use) is lost to leaks.” (National Geographic). There is so much water that goes uncalled for, and gets wasted by kids and even adults who do not even think about how much water they are using which goes into wasting day by day. Whether that is taking a long shower, leaving the sinks dripping by not turning them off all the way, or playing with the hose outside. Everyday we are hearing about different states being in droughts and not having enough water. There are so many ways in which Christians can save water and cut down...
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...beautiful dwelling place equipped with all the resources needed for survival. In Genesis 2:15, God’s intention for man to care for the earth is revealed when He puts Adam “…in the Garden of Eden to work it and take care of it” (NIV). The condition of the earth today and the declining availability of natural resources speaks of the careless ways of past and present generations in regards to the environment. In being a good steward of God’s creation, Christians bear the responsibility of working to reduce waste and educating others about the importance of environmental preservation. The Environmental Protection Agency defines waste as, “Any garbage or refuse, sludge from a wastewater treatment plant, water supply treatment plant, or air pollution control facility and other discarded material, including solid, liquid, semi-solid, or contained gaseous material resulting from industrial, commercial, mining, agricultural operations, and from community activities.” Waste comes in many forms and creates devastating turmoil within nature. It is noted in the 2014 Living Planet Report...
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...The lead industry was booming because of industrialization. Pollution was becoming a big problem in Europe because many plants and even humans were being impacted by lead pollution from factories. Pollution was hitting all-time highs and with lead killing almost any live thing it comes to contact with, the black plague decreased the pollution drastically by decreasing the population. These linked because it killed a lot of company owners and killed a lot of people that held factory positions. Pollution was so bad that people were getting sick and plants were dying because the factories had no filter or means of stopping what was making them money. The black death had some good impacts, and this was one of them. The factories that produced lead were not being used because no one would be buying any lead nor would lead be used to make anything because the economy was so bad that no companies could buy anything that they needed on a regular day. Because of this the economy was ruined, the black death made a more than one-hundred-year...
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...Assignment 1 Extract 4 (Sophocles, Oedipus the King) In Greek Tragedy the medium, as in all forms of poetry is language, to convey a story through an imitation of an action, or as Aristotle defines in S.H. Butcher’s translation of Poetics “Tragedy is a mimesis of a praxis.” (Jones, 2000). This translates to an imitation/ representation of an action. Oedipus the King is structured into five episodes with a prologue to begin, each scene is introduced by the Chorus (the citizens of Thebes) who depict the state of affairs within Thebes. The city is plagued, as a Priest describes to Oedipus “look around you, see with your own eyes- our ship pitches wildly, cannot lift her head from the depths, the red waves of death… Thebes is dying. A blight on the fresh crops and rich pastures, cattle sicken and die, and the women die in labor, children stillborn, and the plague, the fiery god of fever hurls down on the city.” (L 28 – 34) This shows us that Thebes is being punished, and Oedipus, as the King of Thebes is begged by his subjects to put an end to the curse. This shows a good use of dramatic irony, as in fact it was Oedipus who is responsible for the actions of the gods. Oedipus has two conflicts going on within him, the first is that he does not want to kill who he believes is his father, “the man who reared me” (L 916) and the second is he does not want to lay with his mother. These conflicts have followed Oedipus and his father Laius...
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...The novel, The Scarlet Letter is a novel that contains a lot of rhetorical devices. It contains metaphors, allusions, rhetorical questions, parallel structure, alliteration, etc. In chapter 11, Dimmesdale is having so much conflict with him hiding the sin that he had committed and the guilt is eating him inside. In this chapter the writer uses Parallel structure, Hyperboles, metaphors, and similes. The author, Nathaniel Hawthorne used some rhetorical questions,hyperbole, personification, and parallel structure, “ Then, what was he?—a substance?—or the dimmest of all shadows? ...from his own pulpit, at the full height of his voice, and tell the people what he was. “I, whom you …, I, who ascend the sacred desk...I, in whose daily.. I, whose footsteps, as you suppose, leave a gleam along my earthly track...—I, who have laid the hand of baptism upon your children,—I, who have, to whom the Amen sounded faintly from a world which they had quitted,—I, your pastor, whom you so reverence and trust, am utterly a pollution and a lie!” (Page 132) The author is showing how Dimmesdale feels internally over this situation, he ( dimmesdale) has repeated themselves over and...
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...Religion | Origin of All Things | Nature of God | View of Human Nature | View of Good and Evil | View of “Salvation” | View of After Life | Practices and Rituals | Celebrations and Festivals | Week 2 Hinduism and Jainism | Ohm – an inert void of being and non being. From this void a desire was born to create beings. | God perceived in three ways. Brahman (residing everywhere) Antaryami (residing within) and Bhagavan (residing outside, beyond) | Karma – the moral law in which the cycle of birth-death-rebirth (reincarnation) takes place, giving opportunities to escape the limitations of life and death. | Doesn't recognize “sin” , views good and evil from the principle of karma. | Moksha – when an enlightened person is freed from the reincarnation cycle and comes into a state of completeness. | Doesn't punish or reward the souls, but reminds them of the true purpose of their existance before returning to earth to continue living. | Many practices center on fulfilling the duties associated with social position: brahmacharga (learning), grastha (worldy pursuits) vanaprastha (focus on spirithood) and sanngasu (contemplation) | Montly celbrations include: Saravati Puja, Maha Shiva Ratri, Holi, Rama Navami, Hanuman Jayanti, RathaYatra, Raksha Bandhana, Janmashtami, Ganesha Chaturthi, Durga Puja, Dussehra, Diwali | Week 3 Buddhism | Doesn't believe in a beginning, says the origin of all things is inconceivable...
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...Genesis, the Epistle to the Romans or even the Book of Amos. Overall, the chapter from Wayne Grudem’s Politics According to the Bible demonstrates a well thought out and masterful understanding of the biblical text and its significance to the environment, however a counter argument exists to challege his proposal and ideology. From the very start of the chapter “The Environment,” Wayne Grudem tries to correlate God’s “fallen” creation with Adam and Eve’s sin but catastrophic events on the environment like hurricanes, floods, droughts and earthquakes are seeing significant increase, not because of God’s “curse” on the land but because of industrialization. Most aligned with my criticism to Grudem’s claim is Pope Francis in his second encyclical, Laudato Si: On Care for our Common Home. Pollution such as industrial fumes, fungicides, pesticides, etc. are, in the words of Pope Francis, “solving one problem only to create others” (Francis 7). Through scientific research, scientists have proven that air pollution or pollution of any sort in that matter, can cause an increase in catastrophic events on the environment, in particular, floods and droughts (Bishop 1). Obviously, science always finds itself clashing with the logic and ideology of the Bible but in this case, even someone of power in the religious world like Pope Francis can see the clear burden that man has placed on God’s creation. Whether nature was “cursed” already or not, man has “cursed” it more in some way or another...
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...mechanization, and look for a program to make fishing, farming and livestock propagation profitable for the farmers and the youth. - look for ways to lower power costs and resolve the frequent brownouts in Mindanao. And find ways for the development of renewable energy. - People should be able to rely on expanded benefits through Philhealth. - bring about reforms to achieve inclusive growth, global competitiveness, and transparent government. SIMILARITIES * To provide adequate Education * Help the poor and the oppressed * Eradication of crime and drugs * Improve labor conditions for Filipino workers * Suppress corruption * Support passage of Freedom of Information act * Reduce traffic * Lower pollution * Build a modern international airport * Push the Freedom of Information Law. * Housing for the homeless * Universal HealthCare SIMILARITIES * To provide...
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...SOCIAL PROBLEMS IN SOCIETY Social problems, commonly dubbed as social issues; affects each and every type of community; whether rich or poor, great or small, virtually every contrasting idea or situation. This element in concern refers to “a kind of belief that a certain social situation/ condition negatively affect the society” (Mooney, Knox & Schacht, 2208, p. 2). Social problems refer to issues that negatively affect a certain group of people living in a certain society. Some of the problems are predominant in a majority of society, while others differ from one society to the other. The common social problems include: Poverty, gender discrimination and social tension. Other issues emerge within a society. These issues depend on the belief that people have in the subject in topic, for instance religion and abortion. Everybody has his or her opinion towards either religion or abortion. One may view abortion as a crime while another views it as a way to solve unwanted pregnancy, this end up causing society conflict, only if a common constitution is not available. Women and men are equally important for the growth and development of individual and social lives. Unfortunately this equality and prominence tells an incomplete fact. In many societies, women have been subjected to discrimination in learning, dowry deaths and exploitations of various kinds which are very common. This issue is believed to have existed since the ancient times. The incidence of early marriage, heavy...
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