...effects of the Chinese military can be felt in the U.S since it has had to withdraw its navy from the pacific and now has smaller global reach. Three out of ten products picked up at Wal-Mart have the all too familiar “Made in China” printed on the back. This future is of course, fictional and too many may seem farfetched and impossible. However, this future is not all that unrealistic and with the current development of China, it may soon be a reality. China is headed towards a future where China is a global superpower economically, militarily and politically. How should American foreign policy address a rising China? Should we be accommodating and welcome a rising China or should we prevent China from ever reaching superpower status? Given the development of China, the way rising powers interact with world powers historically as well as theoretically and current as well as hisotoric Sino-American realations, we should develop a dessisive foreign policy that addresses the potential threat China posses to American Interests. The Chinese Economic Miracle China is everywhere these days. The words “Made in China” are universally recognized. China sews more shoes and stitches more clothes than any other country in the world. It is also...
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...“Religion can be both a conservative force and an initiator of social change” to what extent do sociological arguments and evidence support this view? Sociologists such as Durkheim and Marx have argued that religion is a conservative force in the sense that it maintains the status quo, disagreeing with sociologists such as Weber and Gramsci who say it is a more radical force and prompts change, and even some fundamentalist groups have gotten involved to argue that religion is conservative in the sense that it keeps tradition and the old ways. Even feminists such as De Beauvoir have had a say in this matter. Functionalists and Marxists have the general consensus that religion maintains the status quo within society rather than it causing social change. They believe that religion acts as a conservative force preventing social change. However, if any change happens it is due to the changes in society that shape religion. Religion as a conservative force can be defined in two ways; the first way of defining religion as a conservative force is to refer to religion as preventing change and maintaining the status quo. The functionalist perspective and Marxists perspective both provide arguments to support this definition of religion as a conservative force. Durkheim supports the idea that religion is a conservative force with his idea of a collective conscience, which is the shared morals and beliefs uniting society. Durkheim believed that "religion promotes social solidarity."...
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...leadership resources defines the difference between managers and leaders by using the following contrasts: 1. The manager administers; the leader innovates. 2. The manager maintains; the leader develops. 3. The manager accepts reality; the leader investigates it. 4. The manager focuses on systems and structures; the leader focuses on people. 5. The manager relies on control; the leader inspires trust. 6. The manager has a short-range view; the leader has a long-range perspective. 7. The manager asks how and when; the leader asks what and why. 8. The manager has his or her eye always on the bottom line; the leader has his or her eye on the horizon. 9. The manager imitates; the leader originates. 10. The manager accepts the status quo; the leader challenges it. 11. The manager is the...
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...and profitability of the brand. She needs to develop a strategy to compete with a new market entry, Plax. Plax has targeted fighting plaque as a new benefit for mouthwash. In two years, Plax has gained 10% of the market and during a time when the market growth rate has been declining. The Scope brand has maintained a constant market share level with slight decline and still retains largest percentage of the market. The strategic options include maintaining the status quo, introducing a new product already developed as either a line extension or flanker product, or develop new marketing plan for existing product. She has formed a team across company functions to address these issues and formulate a strategic plan. Decisions to be Made 1) Should Scope maintain the status quo or seek new opportunities? 2) Should Scope reposition its current product or develop a new product? 3) Should Scope launch a flanker brand or introduce a line extension? These decisions must be made in this order. Scope must first decide if it actually needs or wants to move forward with seeking new opportunities. If Scope wants to maintain the status quo, then no effort needs to be wasted in researching possible opportunities. If Scope decides to move forward it first must decide whether to reposition its current product or develop a new product, and if it develops a new product the question becomes whether to introduce a line extension or launch a flanker product...
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...Overview Mountain Man Beer Company (MMBC) is experiencing the first decline in sales since its establishment in 1925. Suggestions such as remaining status quo, promoting Mountain Man Lager, and introducing a light beer, may be considered to help MMBC in its future survival. Analysis of Alternatives To analyse the potential impact of these solutions, we have used MMBC’s SWOT analysis (Appendix 1) and STP analysis (Appendix 2). Sales of premium beer have been declining by 4% each year since 2000.With increase in excise tax and competition from other companies, lager beer consumption is expected to decrease over the next few years. By remaining status quo, it is foreseeable that MMBC will continue to lose sales in their one and only product, Lager, due to the decrease in demand. Thus, there is a need for them to take action. Greater marketing efforts may be injected to boost the sales of Lager. However, as the beer market is diminishing, it is likely that this will prove futile. Furthermore, MMBC has limited financial resources to fight for higher market share from the current major producers such as Anheuser Busch and Miller Brewing Company. Despite his father’s opposition, Chris should still go into light beer, as it is hard to ignore the fact that it is a growing market, while premium beer is a declining market. The company’s ultimate aim is survival and profit maximisation, and stubbornly refusing to adapt to market trends may compromise that aim. Profitability...
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...Evaluate the Functionalist contribution to our understanding of society. (33) Functionalism is one of the earliest sociological theories; it was a development from the first sociological theories developed by Auguste Comte in the early part of the 19thC. Comte developed sociology as ‘the Queen of the Sciences’ in order to use a scientific approach to understanding society. In addition to this scientific approach, he believed that society had a structure and each element of the structure played a particular role in the functioning of society. Emile Durkheim developed these ideas into a sociological perspective which we now call Functionalism. This perspective continued to be modified and developed until the middle of the 20thC when other perspectives gained importance. Functionalists believe that society is a social system made up of interrelated parts, which have specific functions to perform. Durkheim’s organic analogy suggests that society is like a living organism, just like the human body it is made up of organs which have specific functions to perform to keep the body alive, so society has institutions which have specific functions to perform which keep society in a state of equilibrium. Functionalism is therefore a Structuralist theory, examining the structures or institutions of society to see how they work to benefit society. Durkheim believed that society existed external to the individual and controlled the actions of individuals through social integration...
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...My aim in this paper is to analyse community psychology and public health and distinguish between the two approaches. Community Psychology focuses on economic, environmental, political and social factors that influence the way in which people all over the world live their lives. It also touches on social factors that contribute or causes problems in various societies. Public Health on the other hand, according to Tutorial Letter 102/0/2014, is defined as being concerned with “preventing disease and distress” in the community as a whole, not just the individual, before they occur. It promotes healthy living and with the prevention of illness linked with lifestyle. To compare these two concepts, one should first have a basic understanding of the origins and historical development of community psychology and public health. Community Psychology are very much linked with the mental health reform movements in the USA. The three most important reform movements were; ‘Moral Treatment’, ‘The Mental Hygiene’ and ‘Deinstitutionalisation’. Each of these movements have led to the establishment of particular types of institution: In the Moral Treatment era, we got therapeutic mental hospitals, the Mental Hygiene era gave us Child Guidance Clinics and the establishment of Community Health Centers came in the Deinstitutionalisation era (Tutorial Letter 102/0/2014). Student Number: 55316883 Unique Number: 536709 2 Public health, like community psychology, focuses on prevention of disease...
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...People think of change as the "vision thing" but it is much more than that. Implementing change is integrated to scanning the environment, estimating the situation, determining organizational direction, understanding culture of the organization, leveraging that culture, and planning out the actions needed to make the change. Being successful in implementing change also is directly related to the leadership style of the organization's top leaders. It is also important to assess the costs of change as well as the cost of not changing. Leaders are trained, educated, and rewarded to make things happen in organizations. What leaders routinely fail to recognize is the link between change and human behavior. The link between change and human behavior either supports or impedes successful implementations of change. To become an implementer of change, you must understand what the environment is like, who you are, what your organization is, and reconcile the differences. You will be more successful if you can adjust your leadership style to one that supports the leader performance demands at the strategic level. Culture is deeply seated within organizations and challenging to change, but leaders can influence an organization's culture. It is difficult and timely, but leaders can have an effect on culture. Edgar Schein, Organizational Culture & Leadership, outlines some specific steps leaders can employ: * Culture follows what leaders pay attention to, measure and control. Something...
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...of Contents | | | | Executive Summary 2 Background 3 Problem / Opportunity 3 Current Situation 3 Project Description 4 Project Description 4 Objectives 4 Scope 4 Out of Scope 4 Anticipated Outcomes 4 Stakeholders 5 Strategic Alignment 6 Environment Analysis 7 Alternatives 8 Business & Operational Impacts 9 Project Risk Assessment 10 Risk of Project and each Alternative (Not including Status Quo) 10 Risk of Not Proceeding with Project (Status Quo) 11 Cost/Benefit Analysis 12 Quantitative Analysis – Financial Cost & Benefit: 12 Qualitative Analysis – Non-Financial Benefits & Costs: 14 Assumptions 14 Conclusions & Recommendations 15 Conclusions 15 Recommendations 15 Project Responsibility 15 Project Accountability 15 Implementation Strategy 16 Review & Approval Process 17 Review Process 17 Approval Process 17 Business Case Signoff 17 |Section |Executive Summary | |1 | ...
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...The Rotary Cove Beach 2 Critical Issues In order for Rotary Cove Beach (The Cove) to become profitable and continue to operate, they must consider: o Viable financial options that also unite with the YMCA’s mission statement o Reducing financial and non-financial risks to all current and future stakeholders Analysis Due to the lack of revenue streams for Rotary Cove Beach (The Cove), Anne-Marie Thomson, branch manager of the YMCA Goderich-Huron in charge of The Cove’s operations, is considering several options to turn The Cove into a profitable venture. As per the Statement of Earnings for Rotary Cove Beach, this segment has been realizing losses for three years (2007, 2008, & 2009) even with the $20,000 funding from the town council. Since The Cove has not been profitable for several years, the Council is considering cutting the funding that covers the costs of training, lifeguards, and supplies. Financially, this would negatively impact the YMCA Goderich-Huron branch, as they are responsible for The Cove’s operations and would then need to cover those costs. In the long run, the YMCA could end up discontinuing operations of The Cove and the community could lose this safe and family-friendly beach that they love. Anne-Marie also needs to consider that Goderich is a small, tight-knit community who enjoy that The Cove is governed by the YMCA and what it stands for. YMCA’s in Canada are committed to achieving and upholding a shared vision...
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...in different directions. According to Lewin (1947), change may be achieved in one or two ways: increasing the force for change in the desired direction or reducing the strength of opposing forces (Spector, 2010). Lewin provides to agents with a three –steps process for implementing planned changes: 1. Unfreeze: The forces and workers associated in keeping resistance acquire an understanding of variances that exist between current practice and behavior and desired activities and behavior. One of the critical elements of unfreezing is to break the group inertia, to change the status quo. 2. Moving or changing is the second stage for this theory. In this step, the group alters its performance or habits. Depending on the new objectives, subsequent revised policies, procedures, and operating practices are introduced. 3. Refreezing: Third and last stage in this theory: Change is assumed and new status quo is established. At this point, changes are already executed and monitored, and adjustments are conducted if necessary. Additional organizational goals are reinforced by subsequent changes in daily activities. This theory hinges on the presence of a driving and a resistant force. The driving forces are the change agents, who are pushing employees in the direction of change. They are the facilitators of change and the. On the other side, the resistant forces are the employees confronting the proposed change. For this theory to be efficacious, the driving force has to control the...
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...STRATEGIC ALTERNATIVES FOR SUN LIFE FINANCIAL Table of Contents I. Introduction II. Current Strategy III. Strategy Options IV. Select Strategy V. Resources Requirements VI. Compare with another organization VII. Positioning Techniques A. Strengths B. Weaknesses C. Opportunities D. Threats VIII. Implementation Timetable & targets I. Introduction Trade and commerce has developed increasingly in the recent years. Competition has become more intense and the need for flexibility has become indispensable. At some point, there are some elements of operations that appear to be constant and unyielding: the need for dynamism. This idea points to the need of a company to have a culture of innovation. The changes in the external environment inevitably demands for not only a continuing drive towards innovation, but also a sustainable one. This is apparent in the case of Sun Life Financial, a leading player in the insurance domain in the global market. Currently, it covers millions of customers all over the world. However, it recognizes the need to constantly improve and take on steps to expand their market share and take control of the global insurance domain. This paper shall look into the current strategy of Sun Life Financial and consider the strategic alternatives which it could acquire to ensure that it sustains its development. II. Current Strategy Sun Life Financial’s current strategy is apparently...
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...Background and Description of Major Issues Target actually began as Dayton Dry Goods, a department store - focus on high quality feel at lower prices - Customers have a more pleasurable shopping experience • However, many customers are willing to forgo aesthetics for lower costs in tough economic times. o Because Target is following a “Cost Leadership” strategy, it is important to play the game, because the target market will not respond to largely excessively higher costs in the name of differentiation. • Additionally, it is important to make sure that an efficient supply chain is maintained and that inventory is turned over as quickly as possible. Target’s gross margin is higher than the industry average and Wal-Mart’s, which implies that Target is relatively efficient in this area. o Wal-Mart’s large amount of stores, both within the United States and internationally, help the low-cost retailer bring in revenues. ▪ Target could improve by stepping up against this strategy. • As the world becomes more inter-connected, Target needs to stay on board o For example, the potential revenues gained by reaching foreign markets can be seen as an opportunity. ▪ However, PEST analysis shows that this can also pose problems: • U.S. Export Tariff on Chinese goods • Risk of instability in other countries o Both politically...
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...Case Study Method in Management Management education is mainly aimed at developing managerial skills in students. Amongst the various methods adopted in teaching management and management functions, the case study method developed in 1910 in U.S.A. and is now being propagated during the last decade or so, providing opportunities to both the teacher and the taught to promote managerial I understanding and competence, since it helps in contemplation and discussion of an actual situation. It is a wrong notion that the case studies are confined to management students. Cases may pertain lo any discipline, where skills for solving complex unstructured problems or preparing plans are required. The origin of case study methods itself can be traced to Harward Lawyers. Cases may describe problems facing individuals, groups, institutions or even Nations. Through a case study one learns a broad range of skills and has many alternatives. Case studies encourage the practice and attainment of analytical and communicative skills. Case studies allow a different kind of learning. It is close to the learn by doing' approach. Cases are intended to stimulate the reality of the manager's job. The material in the case provides data for analysis and decision-making. Cases require the student to make decisions about the situations presented and to defend those decisions. In real decision-making the student will have lo persuade superiors that his analysis and solutions are the best and hence the...
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...Budget Preview 2012-13 Difficult to deliver the perfect balance of growth and fiscal rectitude Emkay Global Financial Services Ltd. Dhananjay Sinha Co – Head, Institutional Research Economist and Strategist +91 22 6624 2435 dhananjay.sinha@emkayglobal.com 7 March, 2012 1 Difficult to deliver the perfect balance of growth and fiscal rectitude § Challenging backdrop: The backdrop for FY13 budget is challenging given the context of slowing growth, lack of investment momentum and a difficult fiscal scenario of subdued tax and non-tax revenue generation even while various subsidy burden are ballooning. Toping these is a much weaker Central government after recent state elections debacle of Congress party, which weaken its ability to take critical reform measures § Multiple priorities amid rising structural imbalances: Fiscal imbalances and falling domestic savings pose significant structural challenges. We will look for a credible commitment towards fiscal consolidation, ways to raise tax revenue (200bp hike in excise duty or expanding the tax base by including more services), reduction in subsidy burden by raising prices of public utilities and services, ways to address the recurring deficits across multiple public sector undertaking and departments and most importantly providing the focus on capital spending and infra sectors. While implementation of GST is most ideally suited in the current context we think it is unlikely to happen in this budget...
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