...information on the crime data sources available for different countries and the United States. Which of the following crime data sources provides the clearest and most helpful information, and why? Uniform Crime Report (UCR)- is a program administered by the Federal Bureau of Investigations in the United States. This report collects data from law enforcement agencies across the country. Not all crimes are reported to law enforcement agencies and this report only captures crimes that are reported to law enforcement agencies which emphasizes arrests and clearance rates. It does provide official crime statistics based on crimes that are reported to law enforcement, which include violent crimes and property crimes. This report...
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...information on the crime data sources available for different countries and the United States. Which of the following crime data sources provides the clearest and most helpful information, and why? Uniform Crime Report (UCR)- is a program administered by the Federal Bureau of Investigations in the United States. This report collects data from law enforcement agencies across the country. Not all crimes are reported to law enforcement agencies and this report only captures crimes that are reported to law enforcement agencies which emphasizes arrests and clearance rates. It does provide official crime statistics based on crimes that are reported to law enforcement, which include violent crimes and property crimes. This report...
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...National Crime Victimization Survey is a survey conducted annually by the Bureau of Justice Statistics that provides data on surveyed households reporting they were affected by crime (Schmalleger 2017). The abbreviation for National Crime Victimization Survey is NCVS. This survey has been translated into many languages and used in many countries. This survey was created because of the skepticism about the accuracy of crime statistics maintained by law enforcement agencies and forwarded to the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) for compilation in its annual nationwide Uniform Crime Report (Karmen 2005). Originally this was called the National Crime Survey but its name was later changed to National Crime Victimization Survey. The changes happened after some of the questions and methods were modified. The questionnaire can be more than twenty pages. It focuses on interpersonal violence: forcible rapes and other sexual assaults, armed and unarmed robberies, and simple and aggravated assaults. The survey is geared toward uncovering the suffering of individuals 12 years old or older and the losses experienced by entire households, criminal acts...
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...PREDICTING CRIME WITH THE UNIFORM CRIME REPORTING SYSTEM Predicting Crime With the Uniform Crime Reporting System Mitchell Adair Introduction to Criminal Justice: CJA 105-AUO A01 Argosy University 1 The Uniform Crime Reporting System is a statistical effort that is said to be cooperative of more than ten thousand state, city, and county law enforcement agencies on a basis that is considered to be voluntary when it comes to the reporting crime data that is brought to their attention. These agencies of the law enforcement profession covers more than eighty percent of the population of this nation.(DOJ/FBI, 2004) This said information that is produced by contributors of the Uniform Crime Reporting System is forwarded to the Federal Bureau of Investigation directly through programs of UCR that is either state or local level of more than forty states and also D.C. State and local law enforcement agencies that directly submit to the FBI are given guidance on a continuous basis not to mention support individually. (DOJ/FBI, 2004) UCR programs that are on the level of state are links that have proven to be effective between contributors that are considered to be local and the Federal Bureau of Investigation as well. A vast amount ...
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...Nationally, crime statistics come from two major reporting sources; the Uniform Crime Reporting Program (UCR) and the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS). The data collected through the UCR and the NIBRS is used by Congress to make decisions toward the policies and to allocate federal criminal justice funding to the states. In order for Congress to make these policy decisions based on statistical information, there has to be an understanding of how each program will collect ad report crime date. However, there are also limitations associated with data input through both of these reporting systems. The UCR was enacted when the International Association of Chiefs of Police (IACP) recognized the need for crime statistics to inform of the national crime rates throughout the nation in the 1920s. This was an effort to create a national standardized measurement of different incidences of crime being committed. However, it was originally conceived in an effort to measure the effectiveness of local law enforcement agencies to aid law enforcement with the data needed to use in the help to fight crime in their jurisdictions. The UCR is a combined city, county, state, and Federal law enforcement program....
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...Measuring Crime Team D: Alfreda Simmons, Kelly Ashbrook, Lucas Burrington, and Kiavonni Jones CJA/204 Introduction to Criminal Justice December 8, 2014 Mary Ellen De Frias Measuring Crime The Department of Justice uses two types of programs to measure crime in the United States. The two types of programs are the Uniform Crime Reporting Program (URC) and National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS). Which both have valuable details about the crime problems that are going on in the world.Since both programs are used to do different things and methods, both do focus on different crimes and there aspect. The data that they produce together is used for comprehensive crime problems that are going on in the world. The UCR program is directed by the FBI and collects different data on crimes like, murders, no negligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, larceny theft motor vehicle theft, and arson. Which the law enforcers reports the crime and arrest data for other crimes categories. The data is updated on a monthly basis. The programs compare monthly reports and counts the crimes; it counts the world’s crimes as a whole. The National Crime Victimization Survey provides details and photos of the crimes and victims. It collects information on rapes, sexual assaults, person robberies, and simple assault home burglary, thefts and many other types of crimes. The NCVS collects information about the different crimes that have been...
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...differences in their discipline of expertise. Additionally, this paper will briefly discuss blue collar crimes vs. white collar crimes, the way in which the FBI reports and measures these crimes in their Uniformed Crime Reporting (UCR) system. The author further elucidates blue collar crimes and how their culture is more populated by the media. This paper also includes the variations of Index I and Index II crimes and the manner in which they are reported either as violent or property crimes under the UCR system, as well as, the sentence that accompany such crimes. The author concludes this paper with a basic understanding of these three fields and the importance of their role within our criminal justice system that together create a unified force to battle crime. Introduction To get a better understanding of how our criminal justice system operates, society needs to know the involvement and the many specialists that are needed to keep our communities safe as well as, get the criminals off the streets to prevent them from committing future crime. One should look at it like baking a cake and each ingredient is an important part of the recipe. 1st ingredient is the investigation, 2nd ingredient is solving the crime, 3rd ingredient is corrections for these offenses. Finally 4th ingredient is the icing on the cake, preventing criminal behavior and preventing crimes associated to this behavior from being committed. * Explain the differences between criminologists...
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...Is How Crime Measured in the United States Accurate? LT B February 14, 2014 Is How Crime Measured in the United States Accurate? America's system of reporting crime has undergone a number of changes over the years since its inception in the early 1900s. Some would argue that the system data is invalid and does not accurately reflect the crimes committed, reported, or prosecuted, and neither is it indicative of the cause for criminal behavior. Nonetheless, this system is the only source available with any form of useful data relating to crime. Is there a more reliable alternative to measuring crime and collecting pertinent data? In America, law enforcement agencies use criminal statistic reports to measure crime; however, these statistics do not account for crimes that go unreported, reported crimes that did not lead to arrests, and charges reduced through plea-bargaining. When it comes to analyzing crime statistics a person must use his or her own critical thinking skills. Not all crime statistics will be accurate as it is an attempt to provide the American public with general information gathered that may not be in detail. The subject of Information is key, at the basic level a person should have knowledge in the description of the crime. There are a numerous amount of questions a person must take into consideration when it comes to reading and reviewing these reports. For example, 1.) Examine the source and whether or not it is reliable and trustworthy 2.) Acknowledge...
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...agency, and activity down to company, troop or battery level will publish a sexual harassment command policy statement. Units should coordinate these policy statements with the servicing staff judge advocate or legal advisor before publishing them. c. Continually assess and be aware of the climate of command regarding sexual harassment. Identify problems or potential problems. Take prompt, decisive action to investigate all complaints of sexual harassment. Either resolve the problem at the lowest possible level or, if necessary, take fo rmal disciplinary or administrative action. Do not allow Soldiers to be retaliated against for filing complaints. Continually monitor the unit and assess sexual harassment prevention policies and programs at all levels within area of responsibility. Ensure all leaders...
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...2008). Hate Crimes Jack Levin and Jack McDevitt Northeastern University I. Legal Distinctions II. Hate Crimes and Prejudice III. Why Treat Hate Crimes Differently? IV. Problems in Collecting Hate Crime Data V. Types of Hate Crimes VI. Organized Hate Groups VII. VIII. Are Hate Crimes on the Rise? Responses to Hate crimes IX. Conclusion GLOSSARY Defensive Hate Crimes Hate offenses aimed against particular “outsiders” who are regarded as posing a challenge to a perpetrator’s neighborhood, workplace, school, or physical wellbeing. Ethno-violence Acts of hate that do not necessarily rise to the legal standard of a crime, but contain an element of prejudice. Hate Crimes (also known as Bias Crimes) Criminal offenses motivated either entirely or in part by the fact or perception that a victim is different from the perpetrator. Mission Hate Crimes Hate offenses committed as an act of “war” against any and all members of a particular group of people. Modern Racism victim. Prejudice A negative attitude toward individuals based on their perceived group Subtle and institutionalized forms of bigotry based on the race of the membership. Retaliatory Hate Crimes terrorism. Thrill Hate Crimes Hate offenses typically committed by youngsters who are motivated by Hate offenses designed to get even for hate crimes or acts of the desire for excitement. HATE CRIMES are criminal offenses motivated either entirely or in part by the fact or perception that a victim is different...
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...Research to Inform U.S. Anti-Human Trafficking Efforts by Maureen Q. McGough NIJ study examines the challenges facing the criminal justice system when combating human trafficking. T rafficking in persons is modernday slavery and exists in virtually every country in the world — and the United States is no exception.1 Almost 150 years after the 13th Amendment abolished slavery and involuntary servitude, there are still men, women and children enslaved into labor and commercial sexual exploitation in the U.S. (see sidebar, “Understanding ModernDay Slavery,” on page 27). In recent years the worldwide human trafficking problem has attracted significant political and social attention. Awareness-raising initiatives such as the United Nation’s Blue Heart Campaign2 encourage involvement and action to fight human trafficking on a global scale. In the U.S., the Department of Homeland Security’s Blue Campaign unites anti-human trafficking programs and offers resources for law enforcement and the public to help raise awareness and provide muchneeded training.3 Despite growing awareness of the issue and an influx of resources from such influential bodies as the United Nations and other intergovernmental organizations, foundations, nongovernmental organizations and the U.S. government, the field is still hampered by its inability to measure the size and scope of trafficking.4 The data used to estimate the prevalence of human trafficking in the U.S. are lacking in scope and quality...
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...CJS 2 Abstract In contemporary culture, an emphasis on a “tough on crime” criminal justice system has been a topic of debate amongst all citizens. In this paper, a comparison of statistical evidence and treatment rates will be discussed. The purpose is to stipulate evidence of declining crime rates, and alternative sanctions to the crime bill c-10. In addition, a consultation of rehabilitation methods and apprehension of why there is a disproportionality of Aboriginal people in the Criminal Justice System will be explored. The data discovered suggests that the legislation was enacted for political reasoning, without the consideration of underlying causes of criminal activity. Furthermore, rehabilitation treatments have shown to lower recidivism, and are used to stress the importance on investigating the root cause of criminal behaviour. Finally, the restorative justice model is adopted to promote the sense of moral wrong in the individual’s crime. A Retreat in the CJS 3 In recent years, the Canadian government has been working on implementing a stricter justice system. The omnibus crime bill C-10, was enacted in order to achieve this measure. The act consists of a concept in which includes harsher sentencing, mandatory minimums and a zero tolerance policy. This legislation attempts to put victims first, instead of defending the rights of offenders. What the government has failed to distinguish is that crime rates in Canada have been decreasing gradually over the past decade...
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...changes (throughout). This rapid action revision, dated 22 October 2014-o Updates purpose (para 1-1). o Updates responsibilities for the ready and resilient campaign (paras 1-4a-d). o Directs readers to the Army Publishing Directorate’s “notes” page on AR 60020 for additional guidance on the Army Sexual Harassment/Assault Response and Prevention Program (para 1-4e(6)). o Clarifies the groups of personnel who must be informed of the Army’s accommodation of religious practices policies (para 1-4f). o Adds the categories “senior field grade officers,” “senior field grade warrant officers,” ”field grade warrant officers,” “company grade warrant officers,” “enlisted noncommissioned officers,” and “junior enlisted Soldiers” (table 1-1). o Adds policy that the senior commander is normally, but not always, the senior general officer at an installation (para 2-5b(4)(a)). o Adds policy for command responsibility for the Total Army Sponsorship Program (paras 2-5b(4)(a)16 and 2-5b(4)(c)8). o Clarifies policy on how Army command, Army service component command, and direct reporting unit commanders may request a permanent change of senior commander (para 2-5b(4)(g)1). o Clarifies policy for Army commanders in the grade of lieutenant general or above assuming command of Army installations as an exception to policy (para 2-5c(1)). o Clarifies policy regarding...
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...nonprofit agency that provides specific services to sexual assault and rape survivors for the entire state of Delaware. ContactLifeline offers many options for survivors to receive multiple kinds of aftercare services, free of charge, but we noticed that their efforts in prevention were not being met on a full scale by our school system in an effective long term manner. We asked what is being done by our local schools to provide and promote education on this specific topic. What is being done to educate our youth on what healthy relationships and sexual behaviors are so that most importantly we see a decrease in victims and are not spending so much time and money on aftercare? This needs assessment addresses this service gap in depth and provides a possible policy change within our local school districts and potentially a state wide adaption of a sexual education program that includes a curriculum that teaches our youth what healthy relationships and sexual behaviors are and how to effectively maintain these. All of this is based on a hope to prevent the large amount of sexual violence and abuse we see in our society and start addressing it in our local communities. II. Nature and Extent of Problem Definition of Sexual Violence Sexual violence...
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...conduct criminal investigations for the purpose of clearing crimes by arrest and/or complaint; to prosecute lawbreakers; and to recover stolen property. Whenever members of this department conduct an investigation, which requires the interrogation of a suspect, or an interview, connected therewith, all constitutional and statutory rights guaranteed under the law shall be afforded to the individual. The Truro Police Department will ensure that there is a screening of all reported offenses to assure adequate follow-up investigation whenever appropriate. Whenever possible, the District Attorney’s Guidelines on Identification Procedures with attached forms and checklists will be used when dealing with photo line ups, arrays, show ups and taped interrogations and identifications. (Revised October 20, 2004) PROCEDURES: 1. UNIFORM PATROLMEN CONDUCT PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATIONS: Most preliminary investigations will be conducted by members of the patrol force since they are usually the first to arrive at the scene and can start the investigation without delay. Patrolmen should pursue the initial investigation at the scene until such time that it seems unlikely to produce additional benefits. It may frequently be possible and desirable for patrolmen to conduct limited follow-up investigations of some crimes. Many times the name of a perpetrator may be known and an interrogation, while the incident is still fresh and before evidence of a crime can be...
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