... Master of IT Engineering PROBABILITY AND RANDOM PROCESSES FOR ENGINEERING ASSIGNMENT Topic: BASIC RANDOM PROCESS Group Member: 1, Chor Sophea 2, Lun Sokhemara 3, Phourn Hourheng 4, Chea Daly | Academic year: 2014-2015 I. Introduction Most of the time many systems are best studied using the concept of random variables where the outcome of random experiment was associated with some numerical value. And now there are many more systems are best studied using the concept of multiple random variables where the outcome of a random experiment was associated with multiple numerical values. Here we study random processes where the outcome of a random experiment is associated with a function of time [1]. Random processes are also called stochastic processes. For example, we might study the output of a digital filter being fed by some random signal. In that case, the filter output is described by observing the output waveform at random times. Figure 1.1 The sequence of events leading to assigning a time function x(t) to the outcome of a random experiment Thus a random process assigns a random function of time as the outcome of a random experiment. Figure 1.1 graphically shows the sequence of events leading to assigning a function of time to the outcome of a random experiment. First we run the experiment, then we observe the...
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...3. Security The word security is used in various areas. For the case SSH, the word security is being used in the field of communication and information. Security can be achieved by shielding your system against unauthorized actions therefore being a good approach. However, no system can be totally secure so you always should try to go more into the depth of security. But there are some set of laws should be kept into consideration if you want to come up to the top level of security. The first rule is pointing to your own situation and your acceptance for risk. Consider the requirements for security against the requirements for functionality. A nice advice to make a system secure is that you should create obstacles and set hurdles to come into your system. In addition, installing security updates and enabling the firewall is a good initiative concerning the security of your system. Even though this will mean nothing if you are not being watchful of the principal security threat which is the human being. The following sub sections are focused on the methods to make your operating system and your hardware secure. 3.1 Operating System First of all the...
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...THE PLAY *Old man shuffles in,coughing and ill looking* Old Man:*smiles tiredly* Well,it looks like it’s almost time,but not quite.*looks thoughtfully* How about I talk for a bit,then? Keep you all a bit entertained before I have to leave. *walks around* Old Man:I have seen a lot of things in my time but my most dreadful memory was the time when I was forced the flower. #FLASHBACK# * A couple of dudes surround this one dude* Kid in the periphery(1): Well look at what the cat just dragged in. Kid in the periphery(2): Yeah, a humongous cat. Kid in the periphery(1): Exactly. Look at what this feline monstrosity brought in. Kid in the periphery(1): Ah,yes. Catasaurus now what do we do with you?*evil smirk* Kid in the periphery(2):Eat the flower! Kid in the periphery(1):Yeah. Eat the flower! Old Man Now Young Man: But why should I? Kid in the periphery(1): Because, I said so. That’s why. Old Man Now Young Man:Frankly speaking,that does not fit in my ‘Good reasons to eat flowers’ policy. Kid in the periphery(2):Eat the flower! Eat the flower! Eat the flower! Kid in the periphery(1): Eat.The.Flower. Old Man Now Young Man: But really what use is it?i mean- Kid in the periphery(1),Kid in the periphery(2) & Kid in the periphery(3):*move around the kid in a circle with menacing looks* Eat the flower! Eat the flower! Eat the flower! #end of flashback# Old Man Now Young Man: As you may have guessed, I ate the flower....
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...the plan, Mr. Morgan became personal friends of the Josephs. They confided to him that they have had a somewhat rocky marriage and, on several occasions, seriously discussed divorce. Preparation of the comprehensive personal financial plan, which is nearing completion, has taken six months. During this period, Mr. Morgan also performed the annual audit for the bank. The audit test sample selected at random from the bank’s loan files included the records of Paul and Sara Joseph. Because certain information in the loan files did not agree with facts personally known to Mr. Morgan, he became somewhat concerned about the implications for the audit. Although he did not disclose his client relationship with the Josephs, he did discuss their loan in detail with a loan officer. The loan officer is very familiar with the situation because he and Paul Joseph were college classmates, and now they play golf together weekly. The loan officer mentioned to Mr. Morgan that he believed Paul Joseph was “setting his wife up for a divorce”, by arranging his business affairs over a period of time so that he would be able to “leave his wife penniless”. The loan officer indicated that this was just “locker room talk” and that Mr. Morgan should keep it confidential. Mr. Morgan’s compensation from his firm is based upon annual billings for services. If Mr. Morgan resigns as CPA for the Josephs, it would result in his losing a bonus...
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...provided have changed over the years. Many years ago, when a person needed a product or service, they went to the store or the business office that provided that service. A meeting with a company spokesman was made and discussions were centered on what was needed and what price would be charged. After both parties were in agreement, some money and contracts may or may not have been exchanged. The main issues are that an agreement was made for some service to be performed at a future date. After the services were complete, the payments or the balance of the payments were also completed. Looking at the total transaction, let’s review the process. The consumer had to travel to the business, meet with the provider and explain what was needed. This takes time, energy, fuel and hours out of the consumer’s day. Planning special trips to take care of regular day to day needs must be planned, worked into a person’s busy schedule and could be very frustrating if time was short on the day that the issue fell on. Most of the time if special parts were needed or had to be ordered, a few days of waiting were required to secure everything to complete the service. Lead time for all of the processes could be several days...
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...1. Deleting files accidentally The top risk of losing data is deleting files or parts of texts without having any backups available. Updating files or deleting them are very common activities and we do them almost every day. No wonder if we accidentally delete wrong files or overwrite the parts we did not intend. Many people have told me that losing information during everyday work is so natural that they do not even perceive it as real risk any more. We often lose data simply because we do not have proper workflow procedures and backup strategies. More efficient procedures for saving our work and making backups regularly will definitely save a lot of time for us. 2. Viruses and damaging malware There are numerous new viruses which attack computers every day. Being connected to worldwide network has many advantages; however, it opens computers to...
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...9/11/2011 Abstract: This paper is a suggested proposal on how to upgrade a computer network located at Leonard Cooper Charter School. Through interviewing the stakeholders of the organization, I will assess and determine the issues with their current network. Then, I will explain the problems and offer the best solution to their computer networking needs. Computer Network Upgrade Proposal for Leonard Cooper Charter School Current Issues After carefully interviewing the Stake holders of the Leonard Cooper Charter School, several issues were observed. The first noticeable concern was the print server. Their management of print jobs on the print server are called into question because of the many collisions on the print server. They are presently using a half duplex system for their print jobs. A half-duplex system provides signal communication in both directions, however only one direction at a time. A good example of this technology might be two-way radios. The person listening must wait until the transmitter concludes the signal transmission before responding to the call otherwise a collision will occur and the entire message won't get received. In a half duplex Ethernet network, a collision is the result of two devices on the same Ethernet network attempting to transmit data simultaneously. In the event of a network "collision", both transmitted packets are discarded. Collisions are a normal occurrence on Ethernets. To remedy this problem, an Ethernet standard...
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...used the atbash method for encryption. In this method, each letter of the alphabet mapped to a different letter to hide the true meaning of a word. | 487 BC | The Spartans used the scytale for encryption – messages were written on paper wrapped around a wooden rod. The paper was then unwrapped and sent. The recipient could read the message only by wrapping this paper on a rod of the same length and diameter. | 100-44 BC | Julius Caesar used an encryption method similar to the atbash method. He shifted each letter of the alphabet by a fixed number of places to send encrypted messages. | 1379 | Gabrieli di Lavinde developed the nomenclator. | 1466-1467 | The first polyalphabetic cipher was invented, which was much stronger than the nomenclator. | 1518 | Johannes Trithemius invented a steganographic cipher in which each letter was represented as a word taken from a succession of columns. | 1553 | Giovan Batista Belaso introduced the use of a passphrase as the key for a repeated polyalphabetic cipher. In 1563, Giovanni Battista Porta introduced the digraphic cipher and classified ciphers as transposition, substitution, and symbol substitution. | 1585 | Blaise de Vigenere developed the polyalphabetic substitution cipher. William Frederick Friedman published a book on cryptography, and is known as the "Father of Modern Cryptography". | 1623 | Sir Francis Bacon described the biliteral cipher – known as 5-bit binary encoding. This advanced the steganopgraphic cipher by using...
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...University of Pune, P.R.E.C Loni, Delhi, India ABSTRACT Due to the rapid growth of the network application, new kinds of network attacks are emerging endlessly. So it is critical to protect the networks from attackers and the Intrusion detection technology becomes popular. There is tremendous rise in attacks on wired and wireless LAN. Therefore security of Distributed System (DS) is become serious challenge. One such serious challenge in DS security domain is detection of rogue points in network. Lot of work has been done in detection of intruders. But the solutions are not satisfactory. This paper gives the new idea for detecting rouge point using Mobile agent. Mobile agent technology is best suited for audit information retrieval which is useful for the detection of rogue points. Using Mobile agent we can find the intruder in DS as well as controller can take corrective action. This paper presents DIDS based on Mobile agents and band width consumed by the Mobile Agent for intrusion detection. information it receives from each of the monitors. Some of the issues with the existing centralized ID models are: Additions of new hosts cause the load on the centralized controller to increase significantly. As a result, it makes the IDS non-scalable. Communication with the central component can overload parts of the network. Some of these IDSs contain platform specific components. 2. RELATED WORK The Distributed Intrusion Detection System (DIDS) is aimed at building...
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...7th, 1928. He is a child with a mask of adolescence and what he perceives from the world around him is totally different from normal people, because let’s say he has a gift that no normal person can have, he is an idiot. Our intentions aren’t about supporting the community of mentally handicapped people here by saying he has a gift, but to know a person, just like knowing animals, you have to get inside their heads. So we definitely don’t want to have negative badges on ourselves. Reading this section is specifically hard because we have to think like an idiot, and to achieve this matter we have to reinforce our sensory stimuli. Benjamin has no concept of time or place, he does as he pleased, and in order to extract his thoughts you should find the love of his life, who is obviously Caddy (Candace). Every single smell, place or sound can evoke his feelings toward Caddy, meaning that for example noticing a swing in the present can bring him back to the past and even thinking about the past can bring him to deeper levels of his past; or when Dilsey called Miss Quentin for the meal, he immediately remember the time with Quentin (his brother) who is in this specific part, the stimuli for his reminiscent. Although most of his memories are about Candace, he has other flashbacks to other characters in the novel too. These time lapses or flashbacks are the central orientation of this section. Since Benjamin’s mind is extremely disoriented, we have to find the right pieces of puzzles in...
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...mobility and infrastructure support. Combinations between mobility and infrastructure, as well as multicast transmission and infrastructure, have already been showed effective ways to increase it. In this work, we jointly consider the impact of the above three factors on network capacity. We assume that m static base stations and n mobile users are placed in an ad hoc network. A general mobility model is adopted, such that each user moves within a bounded distance from its home-point with an arbitrary pattern. In addition, each mobile node serves as a source of multicast transmission, which results in a total number of n multicast transmissions. We focus on the situations in which base stations actually benefit the capacity improvement, and find that multicast capacity in a mobile hybrid network falls into several regimes. For each regime, reachable upper and lower bounds are derived. Our work contains theoretical analysis of multicast capacity in hybrid networks and provides guidelines for the design of real hybrid system combing cellular and ad hoc networks. 1 Index Terms—Wireless ad hoc network; multicast capacity; mobility; infrastructure; hybrid network; scaling law; that each moving node is located within a circle of radius 1/f (n) [3]. By mapping the network to a generalized random geometric graph, they have proven that Θ(1/f (n)) per-node capacity is achievable. Infrastructure in an ad hoc network provides a more straightforward increase to the capacity. In [4], Liu et al...
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...Law Opinion Paper Cynthia Willison CJA224 November 8, 2010 Carl Schiff Law Opinion Paper “Lincoln once said that three things only make up a nation: its land, its people, and its laws,” (Gordon, 1991, p. 1), only after this statement it was then realized there were not many laws to speak of. As the nation started to develop and declared independence from the common law of medieval England, common law was enacted and then adapted to America’s needs. The public officials, legislators, enact the laws of bodies of rules then the law is enforced by the executive branch, which the law enforcement was required to respect and obey. To make sure the proposed laws are legitimate the judicial branch acts as mediator to evaluate the principles in the United States Constitution and other important American legal documents without prior court decree. This is why the framers of the Constitution decided to for the American government to have a system of checks and balances because no one branch can act alone, so all three branches collaborate; therefore the power of each branch is balanced (Meyer & Grant, 2003). The separation of powers was formulated by the framers of the Constitution to share the same power as checks and balances. Each state law-making system is developed with a similar structure of the government; however with dissimilar law-making traditions. Although some states the state legislature congregates per annum discussing law-making whereas state legislatures...
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...Copyright © 2001 CANdiensten. All rights reserved. This work may not be translated or copied in whole or in part without the written permission of the publisher (CANdiensten, Nieuwpoortkade 25, 1055 RX Amsterdam, The Netherlands). ISBN 90-804652-2-4 Preface In September 1997 Insightful (formerly known as MathSoft) released S-PLUS 4 for Windows, which added a complete new graphical user interface to the existing S-PLUS programming environment. It allowed non-programming minded users to access the advanced visualization techniques and modern analysis methods of S-PLUS. As a result, S-PLUS has gained enormous popularity over the past years among applied statisticians and data analysts. Over the last three years the content of this book has been used for introductory courses on S-PLUS. This book is aimed at people who are (completely) new to S-PLUS. It covers the graphical user interface of S-PLUS and introduces the underlying S language. The main goal of this book is to get you started and the best way to do that is to use this book interactively during an S-PLUS session. After reading this book you should be able to import data into the system, do some data manipulation and data cleaning. Furthermore, you should be able to visualize your data, apply statistical functions to your data, enter basic S-PLUS commands and write functions. The first edition of this book appeared in 1999, it was aimed at users of S-PLUS 2000. This edition is updated for S-PLUS 6 (see Appendix C for...
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...FROM ABCNEWS.COM A Cheating Crisis in America's Schools April 29 Angelo Angelis, a professor at Hunter College in New York City, was recently grading some student papers on the story of Paul Revere when he noticed something strange. A certain passage kept appearing in his students' work, he said. It went like this, Angelis told Primetime's Charles Gibson: "Paul Revere would never have said, 'The British are coming, the British are coming,' he was in fact himself British, he would have said something like, 'the Red Coats are coming.' " Angelis typed the words into Google, and found the passage on one Web site by a fifth-grade class. Half a dozen of his college students had copied their work from a bunch of elementary school kids, he thought. The Web site was very well done, Angelis said. For fifth graders, he would give them an "A." But his college students deserved an "F". Lifting papers off the Internet is one of the newer trends in plagiarism — and technology is giving students even more ways to cheat nowadays. Authoritative numbers are hard to come by, but according to a 2002 confidential survey of 12,000 high school students, 74 percent admitted cheating on an examination at least once in the past year. In a six-month investigation, Primetime traveled to colleges and high schools across the country to see how students are cheating, and why. The bottom line is not just that many students have more temptation — but they seem to have a whole new mindset. Get Real ...
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...NATIONAL MANAGEMENT COLLEGE STORAGE TECHNOLOHY Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement For Diploma in Hardware Engineering MG AUNG KYAW SOE Roll No. 6 Batch 25 Diploma project report January, 2014 1 ACKNOWLEDGMENT First and foremost, I would like to thank my parents because I had attended “Diploma in Hardware Engineering”. Next, I would like to express my gratitude to Dr. Than Win (Principal of National Management Collage, Yangon) and Daw Khin Toe Yin (Managing Director of Winner Computer Group). Special thanks to Saya U Myo Aung Latt. A very grateful thanks to all my teachers, lectures and also teachers from laboratory for their supervision, advise and patience. Special thanks my hardware teachers Daw Ohnmar Myo, U Thein Moe, U Min Thu and U Win Naing Oo. 2 CONTENT Page CHAPTER – 1 1.1 1.2 INTRODUCTION 6 6 7 9 Computer data storage Storage Type 1.2.1 1.2.2 Primary storage Secondary storage CHAPTER – 2 2.1 2.2 STORAGE TECHNOLOGY 12 The basic components of data storage system Interaction with a storage system and other computer Components 12 13 13 14 15 16 17 18 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 Online storage vs. External hard drives Off-line storage Memory hierarchy Memory organization Main memory Secondary memory Type of storage technology CHAPTER 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 MAGNETIC STORAGE 19 20 21 23 23 24 24 How to work magnetic storage History Design Magnetic recording classes 3.4.1 3.4.2 3.4.3 Analog recording Digital...
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