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Thoughts of an Outsider

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Submitted By mnewman
Words 1074
Pages 5
Morgan Newman
Mrs. McLaughlin
English Composition A
23 September 2013
Thoughts of an Outsider In 1963, Martin Luther King Jr. wrote one of his most famous pieces, “Letter from Birmingham Jail.” In his letter King is writing to the eight white Alabama clergymen, defending the strategies of the nonviolent battle of racism, and arguing that people have the rights and responsibilities to fight for what they believe is right. Martin Luther King’s letter is in response to the mischaracterization that labels him as a trouble maker or an outsider. One thing that King’s letter was very good at was staying very organized throughout his whole letter. He made it flow very well. He does a great job stating his audience then going into his main topics. King’s letter showed that it was obvious he reviewed all facts and concerns of all those involved. King was focusing on how he is not an outsider, all of his actions were timely, he did not want violence, he was not an extremist, and he was disappointed in the church. Their attitude towards his matter is that they all disagree with what King is saying. In the letter King did a very good job using the three main appeals: ethos, pathos, and logos. Ethos is when the author tries to persuade an audience to agree with an argument by using reputation and character of the speaker or writer. An example is, “I have the honor of serving as president of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, an organization operating in every southern state, with headquarters in Atlanta, Georgia. We have some eighty-five affiliated organizations across the South, and one of them is the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights.”(paragraph 2) This is an example of Ethos because he is showing his character and repeating his affiliation with the Christian organizations. Pathos is an appeal that is attempting to persuade the audience by targeting their emotions in attempt to gain sympathy for the argument. An example of that is, “Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere.”(paragraph 4) This is an example of pathos because he is hitting the emotion of fear of his audience. Lastly logos is when the author argues their point of view by using a common ground that both the audience and the arguer can agree on a logical argument. An example is, “So I along with several members of my staff am here because I was invited here.” (paragraph 2) This quote is an example of logos because King is arguing that he was invited to Birmingham, and was not there to cause trouble like most people thought. Throughout King’s letter he was unbiased about everything he said, and would make sure he used both sides of things to help make his argument valid. It is obvious that he had great determination for his message to be heard by all. He refers to not being able to sit idly by while there is much in justice in Birmingham. King was a very smart man and could quote many Bible verses right off the top of his head, showing he is a very credible person. “As Apostle Paul left his village of Tarsus and carried the gospel of Jesus Christ to the far corners of the Greco-Roman world, so I am compelled to carry the gospel of freedom beyond my own home town.”(paragraph 3) Throughout the letter he accuses all the white people, but it was because King felt obligated to argue the reason why he was disputing the things he was.
King was a very well respected member of many organizations and he used that to help him produce his letter. From the very beginning Martin Luther King tries to reject the accusation of, “outsiders coming in.”(paragraph 2) King states that he was invited to Birmingham and is serving as the president of Southern Christian Leadership Conference. This indicates that he takes great pride into all of the organizations he is involved with. He strongly indicates that they are nonviolent programs. King did not consider himself to be an outsider or trouble maker as many declared him to be, because all of the people who live within bounds of the United States of America could not be described as outsiders. King is saying that America is built by many different religions, cultures, and ethnicities. All of these diversities make up one nation. This is a logical appeal because he is using clear sound statements in his reasoning.
King follows just laws and breaks injust laws. “I am in Birmingham because injustice is here,” (paragraph 3) says King. Because there is injustice in Birmingham he is called to spread the word of freedom beyond his home town. He needed to negotiate with the white community of Birmingham, but they refused to. King believed that tension amongst the groups is good because it leads to getting things accomplished. He then explains that calling the actions of Negroes “unwise and untimely” is denying them justice.
“Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere” (paragraph 4) says King, is an emotional appeal. By touching on emotions, King is possibly trying to trigger a feeling in someone so they can go along with his way of thinking. This quote really stood out when one reads his letter because it is very true. If you don’t have justice in one place then you are just setting it up to not have it anywhere else. Like King said, “Whatever affects one directly, affects all indirectly.” (paragraph 4) The United States is one nation meaning there are no boundaries. King does a very good job in his letter by making sure he hit all the main appeals: emotional, logical, and ethical. In his letter these made it that much stronger. The audience can emotionally, logically, and ethically connect to what he was writing. As a reader of the letter these make it a lot easier to relate to what he was trying to say, and it just makes him sound like a strong writer in general. King portrays himself very well in his letter from Birmingham. He does a good job explaining his reasoning for not being an outsider and his purpose of correcting the injustice to the Negros. Using all the appeals helped him to get his point across affectively and smoothly. This would be one of the reasons the letter has become so famous.

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