...Time-Driven ABC Companies have shied away from activity based costing, because it was not an accurate assessment of operations, time consuming and too expensive to build and maintain. As a result managers have veered away from using traditional ABC in their organizations, and needed to find a solution to the problem. The new approach relies on informed managerial estimates rather than on employee surveys. It also provides managers with a far more flexible cost model to capture all the complex details of their operations. The way people traditionally constructed the ABC model was the root of the problem with it. To build a traditional ABC model a department would survey employees to estimate the percentage of time they spend on activities and then assign the department's resource expenses according to the average percentages you get from the survey. Armed with figures, known as the cost-driver rates, managers could assign the costs of the department's resources to the customers and products that use its services. This worked well in the limited setting in which it was initially applied, typically a single department, plant, or location. The problem arises when you try to roll out this approach on a large scale for use on a continuous basis. The systems that are put in place are updated infrequently; the model's estimates of process, product, and customer costs soon become inaccurate. What's more, people waste their time arguing about the accuracy of cost-driver rates that...
Words: 1004 - Pages: 5
...Time Driven ABC costing is more superior to the traditional method in many different ways. Overall there are many negatives to the traditional system including its higher cost, low accuracy and is an extremely complicated system. The time driven ABC costing has many benefits including its lower cost, ease of implementation, higher accuracy and the larger scope of its models. Traditional ABC costing has been used for a very long time but with the introduction of modern computers it allows for Time driven to be a much more effective cost system. The traditional cost system is quite expensive and time consuming because it requires a lot of people to maintain and gather the necessary information to try to create an accurate cost system. Due to the time consuming nature of the system it is infrequently updated and leads to inaccurate cost estimates. Also when information was gathered from employees many employees did not consider the time spent in a nonproductive fashion. So many cost drivers were created under the notion that employees were working at full capacity. Overall the traditional cost system does not even come close to matching the accuracy of Time Driven ABC costing. Time Driven ABC costing is superior to traditional costing mostly because of its increased accuracy. It is much easier to implement because the only factors that it requires is the cost rate of supplying resource capacity and the consumption of the resource capacity by the products or services. Time Driven...
Words: 418 - Pages: 2
...Time-‐driven ABC is not a hypothetical improvement to traditional ABC analysis. The Midwest Office Products processed 80,000 cartons in 2003. Of these, 75,000 cartons were shipped by commercial freight. The remaining 5,000 cartons were shipped under the desktop delivery option. Midwest Office Products identified the following benefits from time-‐driven ABC model. • It could easily update the resource cost of each cost center and departments so that its process costs were accurate and current. • Its cost estimates were more accurate since they were based on actual observations of processing time and actual transaction data, not subjective estimates on where and how people spent their time. • It was easier to increase model accuracy and granularity for high cost and heterogeneous processes. Adding more elements to the time equation enabled managers to easily add more ...
Words: 533 - Pages: 3
...www.hbr.org T OOL K IT Time-Driven Activity- Based Costing by Robert S. Kaplan and Steven R. Anderson • Many companie s abandoned activity-based costing because it did not capt ure the compl exity of their operations, took too long to implem ent, and was too expensive to build and maintai n. Here’s a way ar ou nd th ose problems. R eprint R0411J T OOL K IT Time-Driven Activity- Based Costing by Robert S. Kaplan and Steven R. Anderson harvard business review • november 2004 pa ge 1 C OPYRIGHT © 2004 HAR V A R D BUSINESS SCHO OL PUBLISHING C ORP OR A TION. ALL RIGHTS RESER VED. Many comp anies abandoned acti vit y-based costing because it did not capture th e complexity of their operations, took too long to implement, and wa s too expensive to build and maintain. Here’s a way around th ose problems. In the classroom, activity-based costing looks like a great way to manage a company’s lim- ited resources. But many managers who have tried to implement ABC in their organizations on any significant scale have abandoned the at tempt in the face of rising costs and em- ployee irritation. They should try again, be- c ause the new approach we lay out in the fol- lowing pages sidesteps the difficulties traditionally associated with large-scale ABC implementation by relying on informed man- agerial estimates rather than on employee sur- ve ys. It also provides managers with a far more flexible...
Words: 1955 - Pages: 8
...PURPOSEFUL CHRISTIAN LIFE Definition: Purposeful: having a useful purpose; acting with a clear aim and with determination. Christian Life: showing the qualities that are thought of as typical of a Christian, Christ like.. Some people say that we are just evolutionary result of the survival of the fittest Others think of reincarnation Most of our lives, we have been searching for a purpose for our lives, one that has a deeper meaning than just the basic action of existing on this planet. We felt that our lives were meant for something; and something meaningful and worthwhile that would give us a true reason to live. We searched for this purpose in things like relationships, a career, a job, a hobby, in school, and in many more things, only to find disappointment at every turn; because though these things could preoccupy us for a moment, they would ultimately fail at fulfilling our spiritual desire for a meaningful life. Then we find God, and we feel that we see our purpose clearly. We are full of excitement and hopeful to see what God will do with our lives. The overwhelming joy and excitement that drives us motivates us to share the good news with everyone around us, telling them of the great purpose that God has in store for our lives. We devote ourselves to learning more, growing more, and doing more for God. We surround ourselves with more and more people who call themselves Christians to glean as much as we can from them, astounded at the miraculous experiences...
Words: 1634 - Pages: 7
...Doran Roberts 11JA November11, 2014 English Language – Purpose Driven Essay The book “The Purpose Driven Life” written by Christian writer Rick Warren is one of the top selling Christian books of all time. This book impacted me in many ways. This book tells me that I was created for God’s family, fashioned to be like Christ, designed to serve and ordained for God’s mission. This book impacts me most when it reassures me that I was created to serve (ministry) and because of this I have a better understanding of my life and why it should be purpose driven. In chapter 3 the quote that really popped out to me was “Nothing matters more than knowing God’s purpose for your life, and nothing can compensate for not knowing them.” This quote brought me to the realization that when I know what God called me to do I will have a better appreciation for God and his purpose for my life. When I know my purpose in life I would have a drive to fulfill my purpose on earth and strive everyday to continually better myself. I never knew what my purpose in life was until I had a transforming experience that brought me to better knowledge of what my purpose in life was. All my life I had a passion for playing the drums. I started out at the tender age of five beating on pots and pans. Anything that made a sound I used it. My God mother and God-brother saw deep inside of me that my purpose in life was to play the drums for the...
Words: 558 - Pages: 3
...program say hello! On the left side of the screen you can see the toolbox (if this doesn't show up go to the top menu bar and select View -> Toolbox). In this toolbox you will see a picture of a button. Double click the button icon and it will create a Command1 CommandButton in the center of your form. If you run the program now (Press F5) you will see your window now has a button labeled Command1 in the center of it, but if you click the button it doesn't do anything. So lets wire things up so our program will say "Hello, World" when you click the button. Close out of your running program so you are back to the main design environment (pictured above) Visual Basic allows you to do event driven programming. This is a concept that is very powerful and easy to use. Event driven programming works as follows: Visual Basic has many different events defined that...
Words: 628 - Pages: 3
...CASE TOOLS Submissions SEM 5/2011 Due Date : 03/10/2011 Journal The following assignments need to be included in your Lab Journal The assignments need to be hand written on college sheets except for the MS Project assignment which is a print out. Eclipse • Overview of eclipse Java Docs • What is Java Docs and why is it used ? • What are the various JavaDoc tags and explain each one with an example • What are the steps to generate JavaDocs in Eclipse • What is the file structure of the JavaDoc folder • Document Your code for the class used to demonstrate use of JavaDocs tags Refactoring • What is a code smell ? What are the various code smells and describe some of them • What is refactoring ? What are the various refactorings one can perform ? Describe each of them. • How is code smell related to refactoring ? • Document the refactorings performed in the lab for the vehicle and car classes Unit Testing • What is Unit Testing and why is it required in a project • What are the various Asserts used and describe each with an example • How is a unit test created for a class in a project • What is the purpose of the Setup() and the TearOff() methods in the test class • How does one go about doing a unit test • Document the test classes for the following projects written in the lab : a) Student Grades • compute_grade method b) Bank Account • withdraw method c) Calculator Debugging • What is debugging ? Write about the debug perspectives...
Words: 585 - Pages: 3
...Development Best Practices Contents Values Principles Practices o o o o o o o o o o Testing Naming Conventions Client and Server-Side Architectural Patterns ImsCommonsUtil Database Access Dependency Injection/Inversion of Control Business (Domain) Objects GUI Refactoring Core Java Values Simplicity Use the simplest design for the current functionality; don't try to anticipate tomorrow's needs. Code should be easy for a new developer to understand (or yourself a year later). Don't optimize for performance unless there's empirical evidence that it is needed. Be wary of building or using frameworks that make the application harder to understand. If you do need a framework (e.g. Spring for dependency injection), make sure the application's business logic isn't tied to the framework in any way. Maintainability Good naming is crucial. You should be able to read the code aloud, and a person listening to you should be able to understand what the code you are reading does Put responsibilities in the right place. Enforce a clean separation of the application's layers. For example, the UI code should not know anything about the database structure. Use well-known patterns and common idioms for the language. Maintain consistency at the module, application, and team level. There's always more than one way to do something, but doing it consistently is more important than finding the absolute best way. Information Classification: Limited Access Refactor your application code aggressively...
Words: 6069 - Pages: 25
...Introduction The finest way of transforming today’s family standard to achieve its highest potential possible is through the means of effective educational system. Being freed from the oppression of illiteracy, gaining knowledge and skills, and a process of critical self-upgrading is the best art of building a progressive family. Pursuing adult learning as a community is one way of taking this advantage. Adult learning is the process where adults are engaged in systematic learning activities in order to gain new forms of knowledge, skills, attitudes, or values. Modern family is, a group of people affiliated by recognized birth by marriage, or co-residence, which is developed in the middle of the 20th century in a period of stability. This modern family is more like the USA or Switzerland families which or of social reconstruction after the second world war (as for other European countries). The effect of adult learning in this modern family is the way that adult learning can alter the communities’ culture as a whole through instilling into individuals the purpose of learning, readiness of learning and the motivation to learn. I believe the foundation of every perfect and progressive society is the success story of the families that exist with in. Everyone has a specific purpose in life; everyone’s task is unique as is his specific opportunity to accomplish that very mission. Humans by nature have different interests and passions on diverse kind of paradigm that planet earth...
Words: 1127 - Pages: 5
...Model Driven Development – Future or Failure of Software Development? Ruben Picek, Vjeran Strahonja University of Zagreb, Faculty of Organization and Informatics, Varaždin ruben.picek@foi.hr, vjeran.strahonja@foi.hr Abstract. This article discusses some issues of the software development paradigm called Model Driven Development (MDD). Its basic idea is to move software development to a higher level of abstraction by using models as primary artifacts, and to transform models into the source code, with the aid of tools. Currently, there are several approaches to the realization of MDD paradigm which should bring a lot of benefits. However there are still problems to be solved, which will be discussed here. The authors are also going to analyze developers pros and cons, and give their own opinion about today's open question: Will MDD become a failure in trying to deal with software crisis, like the idea of CASE tools in 80's or will it become the future of software development? Keywords. MDD, MDD approaches, Software Factories, Software Development 1. Model Driven Development Paradigm In the last few years, software development has been faced with many challenges. Requirements of new and/or existing systems are growing, systems are complex and it is hard to build them on time and on budget. As an answer to these challenges, a wide spectrum of new approaches occurred, varying from buzzwords to comprehensive methodologies. One of the most prominent paradigms is Model Driven Development...
Words: 5437 - Pages: 22
...Ariel M. Vasquez November 24, 2014 CIS331 System Modeling Theory Professor Randy Arvay Software System Architecture For this case the question is asked which system would be best to implement for this case. There are several different types of cases to chose from. They all with their own particular benefits and negatives at the same time The one that fits this needs in particular would be the event driven system. What is an event driven architecture system? An event driven architecture, or EDA for short, is a pattern that focuses on promoting production, detection, and consumption. Most of its works occur during an event. In the medical field, which this case revolves around, have thing change a lot during the course of not only a day even within every hour this change. Whether it's from a patient's medical records, stock of inventory, medicines provided to a patient, and even when a patient enters and exits the hospital. With a system like EDA thing will only occur when things change and this pattern seems to be able to handle those changes better than the others. The following image will show basically how this type of system will work. A system that integrates EDA may also provide a higher level of service to help with the implementation of EDA. Things like security, reliable messaging, content based routing, and mapping and transformation. The security that this provides is message encryption, authentication, and access control. With the messaging this provides...
Words: 418 - Pages: 2
...software, then we would have disasters happening daily. I have heard this several times from many people. It is sad but true. Buggy software is the bane of the software industry. One of the ways of increasing software quality is by proper education. Several professionals from the software industry also attest to this. They believe that a greater emphasis should be given to quality and testing in university courses. But simply explaining the principles of software quality is not sufficient. Students tend to forget theoretical principles over time. Practical exposure and experience is equally important. Students should be put in an environment where they can appreciate the importance of quality software and can experience the benefits of processes that enhance quality. Many universities have a period of internship for the students in which they work in a software company and experience these factors first hand. However because the internship usually is of a duration of 3-6 months, it is not sufficient to instill the importance of quality. Emphasis on code quality should be made a part of the entire software curriculum for it to have proper impact. Every assignment that the students submit should be subjected to the same quality standards that an industrial project would be subjected to. Having university assignments adhere to industrial standards will result in the faculty having to spend more time grading the assignments. The faculty can no longer just give an assignment, wait...
Words: 2422 - Pages: 10
...Life, Death, and the Critical Transition: Finding Liveness Bugs in Systems Code Charles Killian, James W. Anderson, Ranjit Jhala, and Amin Vahdat University of California San Diego {ckillian,jwanderson,jhala,vahdat}@cs.ucsd.edu Abstract finding bugs with model checking currently requires the programmer to have intimate knowledge of the low-level Modern software model checkers find safety violations: actions or conditions that could result in system failure. breaches where the system has entered some bad state. For We contend that for complex systems the desirable bemany environments however, particularly complex con- haviors of the system may be specified more easily than current and distributed systems, we argue that liveness identifying everything that could go wrong. Of course, properties are both more natural to specify and more im- specifying both desirable conditions and safety assertions portant to check. Liveness conditions specify desirable is valuable; however, current model checkers do not have system conditions in the limit, with the expectation that any mechanism for verifying whether desirable system they will be temporarily violated, perhaps as a result of properties can be achieved. Examples of such properties failure or during system initialization. include: i) a reliable transport eventually delivers all mesExisting software model checkers cannot verify live- sages even in the face of network losses and delays, ii) all ness because doing so...
Words: 19579 - Pages: 79
...tool, which is a software that simulates user actions. 5. What are your concerns regarding the company’s process of software testing? Accenture’ testing practice has a very mature process across different technologies in multiple offices/geographies. 6. What are the issues happened or happening during the process of software testing? There’s a lot of issues that can occur during testing. A good example would be the coordination of the onshore (the team that are on the client site) and offshore (working in a remote location) teams. 7. What happened or occurred or conditions influenced the situation? There’s a number of factors that can affect the onshore and offshore coordination with regards to testing. The difference in time zones can help expedite testing because testing can be conducted around the clock, but coordination and hand over is critical. B. Strategies Described: 1. Would you please narrate the facts concern into the situation? An...
Words: 569 - Pages: 3