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Timor-Leste Government and Social Protection

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Submitted By jkersten
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Republic Democratic of Timor-Leste is a new country in the 21st millennium which was proclaimed on the 20th of May 2002. Situated 550 km north of Australia; Timor-Leste is the smallest and more eastern island of the archipelago. Timor-Leste includes the enclave of Oecusse-Ambeno, situated on the Western (Indonesian) part of the island, and the islands of Atauro and Jaco. It is the only Portuguese speaking country independent nation in Asia. The majority of the population is of Malay-Polynesian and Papua origin. Minorities of Chinese, Arabs and Europeans. Occupying an area of 15.007 Km2, Timor-Leste predominately is about 90% Catholics, Minorities of Protestants, and Muslims. Based on census 2010, current population in Timor-Leste is 1,066,582 people. Dili is the capital of Timor-Leste and it is devided into 13 districts and 67 sub-districts. Its official languages are Portugues and Tetum (National Language). Apart from these there are another 15 local dialects. English and Bahasa Indonesian on the other hand become the working languages or business languages [1]. The Government system is Timor-Leste is Parliamentary Republic and adopted Semi-Presidencialist Republic as its political system. The Head of State is the President of the Republic, who is elected by popular vote for a five-year term. The President guarantees the respect for the Constitution and for State Institutions, and when necessary, can act as a mediator for conflict resolution. He can also exercise the right to veto legislation put forth by the government and approved by the National Parliament [2]. Following legislative election, the President appoints as Prime Minister the leader of the majority party or majority coalition. As Head of State the President also presides over the Council of State and the Superior Council of Defense and Security. The Unicameral Timorese parliament is the National Parliament, whose members are also elected by popular vote to a five-year term. The number of seats can vary from a minimum of 52 to a maximum of 65. All legal political can run to the legislative elections, organizing to that effect their list of candidates to the National Parliament. At the time this proposal is written, new government was sworn-in [3]. Thus, a new government structure was formed by the new Prime Minister of Timor-Leste. The Government is the Executive body of the State and is responsible for the development and implementation of the Government Program for the 5 year term. The Head of the Government is the Prime-Minister.
The structure of the current government is composed of Prime-Minister as the Head of the Government, 3 Ministers of State, 12 Ministers, 11 Vice Ministers, and 9 Secretary of States. Structure of the VI Constitutional Government of the Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste [4] is
1. Prime-Minister
2. Minister of State and of the Presidency of the Council of Ministers
3. Minister of State, Coordinating Minister of Social Affairs and Minister of Education
4. Minister of State, Coordinating Minister of Economic Affairs and Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries
5. Minister of State, Coordinating Minister of State Administration Affairs and Justice and Minister of State Administration
6. Minister of State of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation
7. Minister of Finance
8. Minister of Public Works, Transport and Communications
9. Minister of Petroleum and Mineral Resources
10. Minister of Defense
11. Minister of Interior
12. Minister of Planning and Strategic Investment
13. Minister of Justice
14. Minister of Health
15. Minister of Social Solidarity
16. Minister of Tourism, Arts and Culture
17. Vice Minister of Education I
18. Vice Minister of Education II
19. Vice Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries
20. Vice Minister of State Administration
21. Vice Minister of Foreign Affairs and Cooperation
22. Vice Minister of Finance
23. Vice Minister of Public Works, Transport and Communication I
24. Vice Minister of Public Works, Transport and Communication II
25. Vice Minister of Health
26. Vice Minister of Social Solidarity
27. Vice Minister of Commerce, Industry and the Environment
28. Secretary of State for the Council of Ministers
29. Secretary of State for Parliamentary Affairs
30. Secretary of State for Social Communication
31. Secretary of State for the Support and Socio Economical Promotion of Women
32. Secretary of State of Youth and Sports
33. Secretary of State for Employment Policy and Vocational Training
34. Secretary of State for State Administration
35. Secretary of State for Land and Property
36. Secretary of State for Art and Culture
Each member of the current government has his/her own responsibility to the Prime-Minister as the Head of the Government. The Prime Minister has its own competence and that delegated under the Constitution and the Law. It is especially incumbent upon the Prime Minister, to lead the Government and to preside over the Council of Ministers; to direct and guide overall policy of the Government and the governing action; represent the Government and the Council of Ministers in their relationship with the President of the Republic and the National Parliament; to coordinate the institutional strengthening of the State institutions, the support to the development of the national business community, and the administrative decentralization.
The Ministry of Social Solidarity where the research will take place is the central body of the Government responsible for the design, implementation, coordination and evaluation of the policy defined and approved by the Council of Ministers, for the areas of social security, social assistance, natural disasters and community reintegration. It is upon the Minister for Social Solidarity to design and implement social security systems for workers and the remaining population; develop programs of social assistance and humanitarian aid to the most disadvantaged; propose and develop policies and strategies in disaster risk management; develop and implement programs of disaster risk management, namely, on civic education, prevention, mitigation, emergency response and disaster recovery; promote programs of demobilization, retirement and pensions to give to the Combatants for National Liberation; provide the follow up and social inclusion of veterans and Combatants for National Liberation; provide the follow up, protection and community reintegration of other vulnerable groups and establish cooperation and coordination mechanisms with other Government bodies with responsibility over connected areas. The National Rehabilitation Centre is under the responsibility and supervision of the Minister for Social Solidarity. The Minister for Social Solidarity is assisted by the Vice Minister for Social Solidarity.

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