...Discuss with specific reference to the topic of power. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The report is commissioned to examine the relationship between government, business and civil society under the impact of globalization. Taking education industries in Australia and Vietnam as examples, the positive and negative impacts are clarified which in turn show the change in power battle. Some definitions firstly are introduced to state that globalization is connecting economies, societies, polities and cultures together and it affects in all aspects. Thanks to it, education has changed vigorously compared to the past, diversified itself to many forms and expanded across border. Basing on the strongly development of globalization, plus the impact of cutting fund from government, many Australia universities view transnational education as a possible solution. Number of offshore campuses grow dramatically in South Asian. The examples show that, offshore campuses bring huge amount of revenue to Australian transnational education providers as well as strengthen Australian economy through tax. In addition, it helps many universities save money thanks to low cost operation in developing countries. Finally, through education, society takes advantage of globalization through brain gain. Meanwhile, Vietnam suffers considerable negative impacts such as brain drain, increasing competition in revenue and controlling the quality of foreign education providers. On theme of power, the relationship between government...
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...International Management Research Report – Group EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The economic situation in Asian countries has been rising for the past few decades due to the large number of young productive population, investment of youth education and development of technologies in Asian countries. Therefore, most western countries, including Australia, are attracted to invest in Asian countries as their manufacturing base and export destination. Consequently, the rapid development of economy in China and other Asian countries has encouraged U.S and European Union to form a free-trade alliance in order to keep them as the market leader in the world economy. Hence, the trade between borders would be a lot easier and more companies will be encouraged to go international. Hence, global and intense competition in a worldwide scope will be created. By taking into account of those two events, this report will discuss the issues that are potentially faced by organizations which operate internationally, which is drawn by articles from Bartlett and Ghoshal. However, due to the limitation, the report will only discuss four major issues, The first issue will discuss about how companies create transnational companies. It is believed that businesses often fail operate internationally due to the incapability of fulfilling the needs for global integration, differentiation and innovation spreading simultaneously (pg. 7). The second issue will discuss about the implications in managing relationship...
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...Kathryn M. Anderson-Levitt Introductory chapter to Anderson-Levitt, Kathryn, Ed. 2003 Local Meanings, Global Schooling: Anthropology and World Culture Theory. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. 1 Is there one global culture of schooling, or many? Are school systems around the world diverging from their original European sources, or are they converging toward a single model?i This book opens a dialogue between two very different perspectives on schooling around the world. On the one hand, anthropologists and many scholars in comparative education emphasize national variation, not to mention variation from district to district and from classroom to classroom. From their point of view, the nearly 200 national school systems in the world today represent some 200 different and diverging cultures of schooling. On the other hand, sociology’s “institutionalists” or world culture theorists argue that not only has the model of modern mass education spread from a common source, but that schools around the world are becoming more similar over time.ii According to world culture theory, rather than diverging, schools are converging toward a single global model. This question matters to anthropologists because when we look at globalization— the movement of people, money and ideas across the entire world in unprecedented volume—we wonder whether it really means that the world is becoming more homogeneous. Are we creating a global culture (a “McWorld” for the cynical), or do people create new...
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...Future models of higher education Analysing innovative models for Afghanistan, Bangladesh, India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka An Economist Intelligence Unit report produced for the British Council January 2015 Commissioned by and in co-operation with www.eiu.com Trisha Suresh - British Council report New University models Cover.indd 1 1/5/2015 4:21:54 PM Trisha Suresh - British Council report New University models Cover.indd 2 1/5/2015 4:21:54 PM The changing university: In numbers 4.03 3.54 12.15 2.47 5.45 14.2 1.41 17.40 3.58 4.19 9.18 0.91 21.78 6.83 0.69 2010 27.81 25.01 16.07 11.49 2020 36.75 11.93 11.77 2030 39.70 11.65 Sub Saharan Africa South and West Asia Source: "Higher Education in 2035: The ongoing massification", by Angel Calderon, RMIT University North America and Western Europe Central and Eastern Europe East Asia and the Pacific Central Asia Latin America and the Caribbean Arab States Tertiary enrolment: Past and future Global enrolment in tertiary education has increased dramatically in the last few decades. In 2000, there were 99.4m students enrolled in higher education institutions. In 2030, research expects this number to rise to 414.2m. South Asia's proportion of global enrolment has been rapid: the region constituted only 12.15% of global enrolment in 2000, but this is expected to grow to over 20% in 2030. Growing economies and youthful population are driving continued growth in the region's appetite for higher education. Current demand...
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...CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION TO GLOBAL MARKETING SUMMARY Marketing is an organizational function and a set of processes for creating, communicating, and delivering value to customers and for managing customer relationships in ways that benefit the organization and its stakeholders. A company that engages in global marketing focuses resources on global market opportunities and threats. Successful global marketers such as Nestle, Coca-Cola, and Honda use familiar marketing mix elements – the four Ps – to create global marketing programs. Marketing, R&D, manufacturing, and other activities comprise a firm’s value chain; The value equation (V =B/P) expresses the relationship between values and the marketing mix. Global companies also maintain strategic focus while pursuing competitive advantage. The marketing mix, value chain, competitive advantage, and focus are universal in their applicability, irrespective of whether a company does business only in the home country or has a presence in many markets around the world. However, in a global industry, companies that fail to pursue global opportunities risk being pushed aside by stronger global competitors. A firm’s global marketing strategy (GMS) can enhance its worldwide performance. The GMS addresses several issues. First is nature of the marketing program in terms of the balance between a standardization (extension) approach to the marketing mix and a localization (adaptation) approach that is responsive to country or regional...
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...Gangs throughout American have been around for more then a hundred years. Gangs really started when immigration in America was increasing as well as the criminal behavior. The Prohibition is a time when gangs rose to power by selling illegal alcohol and also paying off corrupt cops. The leaders of the gangs were considered lords and they had control of the city. In the later 20th century gangs began to change and focus more on drugs and violence. Gangs were focused more on the media and controversies between different coasts in America. They were fueled by hatred and explicit music. Also adolescents in gangs started to increase sufficiently over time. With the growing presence of criminal street gang members in the United States, communities everywhere are experiencing the damaging impact of their criminal behavior. A 2011 report by the National Gang Intelligence Center reported the number of gang members in the United States was conservatively estimated at 1.4 million. As these gang members evolve, are they using our nation’s colleges and universities to educate themselves? How will that affect our communities? A survey conducted by college students and campus police showed that less than one in four students agreed there was a gang problem in the community around their campus, while two of three of the police respondents agreed with the statement. Students and police agreed in similar percentages that there was a gang problem within the campus community. At least half of both...
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...Contents 1.0 Executive Summary 2 2.0 Introduction 2 3.0 Key Economic Issue 2 4.0 Economic Implications 4.1 Advantages of globalisation 2 4.2 Disadvantages of globalisation 4 5.0 Conclusion 5 6.0 References 6 7.0 Appendices 7 1.0 Executive Summary While research was being done for this assignment, the article “Hong Kong surpasses S’pore as world’s most globalised economy” (Tao, 25 January 2011) piqued my interest, especially the word globalisation. I have heard about the word globalisation but have never understood what it really meant. This essay will explain briefly what globalisation is, and highlight the key economic implications with reference to Singapore, by attempting to explain how globalisation affects the economy. 2.0 Introduction “Globalization (or globalisation) describes the process by which regional economies, societies, and cultures have become integrated through a global network of political ideas through communication, transportation, and trade. The term is most closely associated with the term economic globalization: the integration of national economies into the international economy through trade, foreign direct investment, capital flows, migration, the spread of technology, and military presence. The term can also refer to the transnational circulation of ideas, languages, or popular culture through acculturation.” (Tao, (n.d.) ) 3.0 Key Economic Issue The key economic issues...
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...INTERNATIONAL HRM The emphasis throughout this book has been on HRM as it is practice in organizations in the United States. But many of these firms also engage in international trade. A large percentage carry on their international business with only limited facilities and representation in foreign countries. Others, particularly Fortune 500 corporations, have extensive facilities, and personnel in various countries of the world. Managing these resources effectively, and integrating their activities to achieve global advantage, is a challenge to the leadership of these companies. We are quickly moving toward a global economy. While estimates vary widely, approximately 70 to 85 percent of the U.S. economy today is affected by international competition. Recent popular books have suggested that many U.S. companies need to reassess their approach to doing business overseas, particularly in the area of managing human resources. To a large degree, the challenge of managing across borders boils down to the philosophies and systems we use for managing people. In this chapter we will observe that much of what is discussed throughout this text can be applied to foreign operations, provided one is sensitive to the requirements of a particular international setting. The first part of this chapter presents a brief introduction to international business firms. In many important respects, the way a company organizes its international operations influences the type of managerial...
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...Contents 1.0 Executive Summary 3 2.0 Introduction 4 3.0 Event Background 5 4.0 Method 6 4.1 Primary Research 6 4.2 Secondary research 6 5.0 Event Conceptualizing 6 5.1 Event Objective 6 5.2 Target Audience 6 5.3 Date, Time and Venue 6 5.4 Event Design and Program 7 5.5 Event Experience 8 5.6 Service and Quality 8 6.0 Stakeholders 9 7.0 Planning and Decision making 9 7.1 Strategic Planning 9 7.2 Operational Planning 9 7.2.1 Organisational Chart/ Committees 10 7.3 Publicity and Advertising 11 7.5 Sponsorship 12 7.5.1 Exclusive Item (Sponsor) (dsaexibition 2014) 12 7.5.2 Events (Sponsor) (dsaexibition 2014) 12 7.5.3 Branding (Sponsor) (dsaexibition 2014) 13 7.5.4 Facilities (Sponsor) 13 7.6 Legal and Risk, Health and Safety Management 14 8.0 Logistic 14 9.0 Evaluation 15 10.0 Conclusion 15 11.0 References 16 11.0 Appendix 17 Executive Summary DSA 2014 was the biggest Defence Services Asia Exhibition and Conference staged in Kuala Lumpur so far. Attendance were record highs with 344 foreign delegations from over 45 nations, 33,544 trade visitors from 96 countries and 1057 companies occupying a floor area of 41000 sq. metres. The analysis carried out by our group discovered that the organising committee, led by the Secretary General of Defence Malaysia, did a fine job in event design and program. Participants could understand the layout of the venue and so navigate efficiently within...
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...economy. 3. Cultural and Political Differences. Discuss cultural and political differences that global managers consider when expanding abroad. Are values and ethics different in each culture? Explain. 4. Going Global Strategies. Explain why companies are forced to expand globally. Discuss possible strategies for competing globally. Evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of the different strategies and policies that firms use to enter foreign markets. What are the main factors that influence a firm’s decision of market entry? 5. Suggestions and Recommendations. Provide practical and specific recommendations and suggestions for managers and expatriate to expand in this country of your choice for this project. 6. Summary. Provide a few concluding paragraphs about what your paper discussed and how it can be beneficial for practitioners. Introduction This paper will The New Global Economy Hill (2011) defines globalization as the multifaceted shift toward a more integrated and interdependent world economy. It includes the globalization of markets and the globalization of production. The...
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...International Perspectives on Adult Education Author: Susan Imel Date: 2000 Adult education is practiced throughout the world. Although the adult education enterprise varies in scope, philosophy, and structure in different nations, it is not unusual for approaches to adult education developed in one region or country to spread. Certainly, adult education in the United States has been influenced by the ideas of international adult educators such as Paulo Freire and Roby Kidd and by practices such as the English University Extension Movement, Swedish Study Circles, and the Danish Folk Schools (Reischmann, Bron, and Zoran 1999). Currently, a number of perspectives on adult education are evident in the international literature. Some of the trends and issues from this literature are highlighted in this Alert. Publications from the Fifth International Conference on Adult Education held in Hamburg, Germany, in July 1997 are a particularly rich source of information on international perspectives about adult education. Sponsored by the UNESCO Institute for Education (UIE), the conference brought together more than 1,500 adult educators from around the world who participated in plenary sessions, workshops, and roundtables to shape statements about adult education and develop actions for the future. A clear trend in the conference and the documents it produced was the critical importance of adult education and adult learning "for fostering ecologically sustainable development, for promoting...
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...experiences from other courses become entrepreneurial graduates capable of impacting on their environment while being globally competitive. Ideally, entrepreneurship education should be an off shoot of all disciplines. The primary discipline should provide skills capable of generating goods and services that would be demanded and create income. This education will thus help students to utilize learned skills to generate self employment thereby reducing the population of our graduate seeking jobs to the barest minimum. This will also reduce the level of unemployment nationally. The materials in the book are contributed by scholars from different intellectual backgrounds to produce a rich and highly stimulating compilation. The book gives a vivid background of the history of entrepreneurship from the rudimentary to the modern age. It provides ideas on principles and skills involved in sustaining entrepreneurship, potentials of businesses and entrepreneurs, types of enterprises and contributions of entreprenures to local, national and global economy. 2.0 Course description The concept and scope of entrepreneurship; the nature and forms of business ownership in entreneurship; entreneurship in Nigeria: an overview; mega-entrepreneurs: a prosopographical historical study of nigerian entrepreneurship, 1850-2000; transnational corporations and...
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...Survey of the Theories of GLOBALIZATION by Wendy M. Jeffus Southern New Hampshire University TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION II. Internationalization versus Globalization Multinational Enterprises Exporting Licensing/Franchising Strategic Alliances Joint Ventures Wholly-Owned Subsidiary Emerging Economies Developed Economies Universalizers versus Particularists World-systems Diversity of Cultures Global Mindset III. HYPERGLOBALIZATION Conflicting Goals Environmental Consequences Social Consequences Extended Product Responsibility Subsidies and Preferential Treatment of the Corporation Lack of Accountability Misaligned Incentives Short-term Profits Money versus Spirituality Borderless Economy Liberalization Conflicting Goals Misaligned Incentives Short-term Solutions versus Long-Term Growth Protection of Natural Resources Lies, Damn Lies, & Statistics Standardization versus Adaptation Regional Focus New Paradigm IV. GLOBALIZATION AND STRATEGY Global versus Multidomestic Strategies Service Industry Common Global Misunderstandings Developing and Implementing a Global Strategy Organizational Culture V. GLOBALIZATION AND PUBLIC POLICY Approaches to Economic Organization Historical Review ...
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...Global and Transnational Business: Strategy and Management Second Edition Global and Transnational Business: Strategy and Management Second Edition George Stonehouse Northumbria University David Campbell University of Newcastle-upon-Tyne Jim Hamill University of Strathclyde Tony Purdie Northumbria University Copyright # 2004 John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex PO19 8SQ, England Telephone (þ44) 1243 779777 Email (for orders and customer service enquiries): cs-books@wiley.co.uk Visit our Home Page on www.wileyeurope.com or www.wiley.com All Rights Reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, scanning or otherwise, except under the terms of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 or under the terms of a licence issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency Ltd, 90 Tottenham Court Road, London W1T 4LP, UK, without the permission in writing of the Publisher. Requests to the Publisher should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex PO19 8SQ, England, or emailed to permreq@wiley.co.uk, or faxed to (þ44) 1243 770620. This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered. It is sold on the understanding that the Publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services...
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...Implications of Globalization and Transnational Security Definitions of Globalization: A Comprehensive Overview and a Proposed Definition Dr. Nayef R.F. Al-Rodhan Senior Scholar in Geostrategy and Director of the Program on the Geopolitical Implications of Globalization and Transnational Security Geneva Centre for Security Policy Ambassador Gérard Stoudmann Director Geneva Centre for Security Policy June 19, 2006 To comment, please email Ms. Bethany Webster at b.webster@gcsp.ch. All copyrights are reserved by the authors. Avenue de la Paix 7bis P.O. Box 1295 CH-1211 Geneva 1 Telephone Telefax www.gcsp.ch +41 22 906 83 17 +41 22 906 16 49 info@gcsp.ch Dr. Nayef R.F. Al-Rodhan Ambassador Gérard Stoudmann Definitions of Globalization: A Comprehensive Overview and a Proposed Definition Abstract Many authors have attempted, with relative success, to define globalization in a variety of ways. Some claim that it cannot be done, others claim that it would constrain the meaning to do so, and still others have defied these two beliefs and have constructed a working definition. Despite differing opinions about developing a definition, all authors agree on one thing: that defining this term is anything but easy. This paper will attempt to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing definitions of globalization and introduce our proposed definition: “Globalization is a process that encompasses the causes, course, and consequences of transnational and transcultural integration...
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