...Of what benefit does the Stages of Change model offer to the health care manager who wants to encourage efficiency and the highest standards of service? A stage of Change Model as proposed by Prochaska and Colleagues for addictive behaviors consists of six dynamic stages. The six stages are: Precontemplation, Contemplation, preparation, action maintenance, and termination. Precontemplation is when an individual is not considering making any changes. Contemplation is the time when an individual is aware there is a problem and is considering taking action to resolve it. Preparation refers to the time when an individual commits to taking action sometime within the next 30 days. Action is the busiest time. There are noticeable efforts to change the targeted behavior. Maintenance is the stage when a person tries to stabilize the behavior change and prevent relapse. Termination is the final stage, this occurs when there is zero temptation to revert back to the old behavior. Healthcare administrators can utilize the Prochaska Stages of Change model to assists themselves in developing procedures to support patients or subordinates who will benefit from behavior modification. It helps one to recognize that the customary counseling and patient is not always effective with all individuals’. Being familiar with the stages through in which individuals pass during the course of successfully altering a behavior permits us to be able to fashion interventions to the individual. Our understanding...
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...How Society and Nurses Affect the Roles of Nursing Lisa A. Turner University of Alabama Birmingham Transitions into Professional Nursing Practice, NUR 474 How Society and Nurses Affect the Roles of Nursing Introduction A nurse has many roles and parts to play in the daily routine of caring for patients. By examining the different roles of a nurse; health promoter, care provider; learner and teacher, we will see how nursing has evolved and how the philosophy of nursing changes. How these roles tie into society and into the symbiotic relationship between society at large and the nursing profession. The shift of healthcare to prevention, education, and the ever changing world of medicine, along with the realization that a nurse’s job is specialized, has tremendously affected the beliefs and ideas of the profession. Based on our textbook, research, and my personal experiences I will explore and clarify my philosophy of nursing. The purpose of this paper is to examine the fact that nursing is an ever-changing profession which society’s ideas and beliefs will impact, whether by necessity or through evolution. Health Promoter and Care Provider Health promotion or prevention is the latest hot topic in the healthcare arena. According 2 to Prochaska, J. and DiClemente, C. (1992), the nursing strategies for health behavior change are Precontemplation, Contemplation, Preparation, Action and Maintenance touch on every different type of nurse and show a need for growth. While providing...
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...answers to some of these fundamental questions and more by exploring what steps are necessary for organizations to make when undertaking change management processes. Motivational speaker Tony Robbins once said, “By changing nothing, nothing changes.” It is a very simple yet elegant statement about the nature of change. Never is it wise to simply live up to the status quo and expect that somehow, someway your situation will spontaneously improve itself. Change means taking immediate action in order to correct mistakes that have been made, or to improve upon already successful practices. The vast majority of today’s thriving organizations have realized this and have made change, adaptation, and flexibility key components to their business model. However, many organizations that attempt change are unsuccessful due to their lack of understanding about how change is properly implemented and maintained. For many organizations in our current economic climate, failure at implementing change is not an option. To do so would be to jeopardize the future of the business’s fundamental existence. So, why is it then that some organizations are ultimately unsuccessful at changing themselves? There may be several answers. Some organizations may simply not recognize what changes need to be made in order to improve themselves, or they may not believe it is...
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...University of Phoenix Material Appendix A: Matrix of Theoretical Models |Theoretical Model |Description of Theoretical Model |Type of health care change situation | | | |where model best applies | |Lewin’s Change Model |In 1947, Kurt Lewin created a model that used |Kurt Lewin’s model can be used in a | | |Force Field Analysis to describe what happens when|health care change that involves the | | |an organization experiences change. He explained |implementation of electronic charting and| | |that there are forces that want change to occur, |electronic medical records. Management | | |and there also existed forces that wanted to |should accept some resistance from staff | | |maintain the status quo. For change to be |because it is natural for people to | | |effective, either the forces that want the change |dislike change. There can be many | | |to occur had to increase, or the forces that want |reasons for resistance. People become | | |things to stay the same had to decrease...
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...The cycle of supervisory functions includes planning, organizing, staffing, influencing and controlling. Each function includes its own set of tasks or responsibilities. However, the functions are interrelated and are usually continuous. In other words, as a supervisor is controlling one facet of the organization, he or she may be planning another facet or activity. The stages of change model is based on the notion that employees will not change their behavior or actions overnight. Making allowances for employees to work through the various stages, such as consideration and Acceptance, involved planning. As employees are not expected to change behaviors overnight, Planning may include designed a training program that allows employees to be introduced to a concept or activity gradually, with an initial exposure and future practice sessions. Organizing may involve considering how and when to initiate the change. Organizing will consider time lines for employees to move through the various stages, with expected dates for the desired behavior to become a natural part of the work day. However, it may also require some flexibility, built into the time line or into a training program. Staffing may involve consideration for the potential employees, who are able to change or show a willingness to do things differently. The supervisor may consider hiring those who indicate flexibility, over those who are inflexible or biased in their methods. Those who are less flexible may also be...
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...and the professionals they assist, to have a theoretical framework for helping and creating change? BSHS 312 Week 1 Discussion Question # 2 How might transference and counter-transference issues manifest themselves in your work with participants? How about unconscious defenses? Week 1 Assignment: Learning Team Charter Team “D” Week 2 BSHS 312 Week 2 Discussion Question # 1 Do you think that a therapist should be an active participant in the treatment of his or her clients? Why or why not? BSHS 312 Week 2 Discussion Question # 2 What is the difference between positive and negative reinforcement? In your opinion, is either effective? Why or why not? Week 2 Assignments: Annotated Bibliography- Stages of Change Model Self-Management Behavior Contract: To Lose weight and lower my BMI (1450+ Words) Week 3 BSHS 312 Week 3 Discussion Question # 1 Do you agree with the necessity for autonomy as defined by the cognitive theorists? Why? BSHS 312 Week 3 Discussion Question # 2 What kinds of all-or-nothing thinking have you detected in yourself? How will you stop it? Week 3 Assignments: Site Visit Report Kitsap Recovery Center (950+ Words) Behavioral-Cognitive Tools Beck Depression Inventory (1250+ Words) Week 4 BSHS 312 Week 4 Discussion Question # 1 Describe what is meant by a genogram? BSHS 312 Week 4 Discussion Question # 2 Explain the positive and negative roles that rules can play in the family system. Week 4...
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...Introduction: Developed by Prochaska and DiClemente in 1983, the Trans-Theoretical Model is one of many popular theories, which is used to describe the event of changing a behavior. It is said that the Trans-Theoretical Model (TTM) is a theory of behavioral changes which "intentional behavior change is a process occurring in a series of stages, rather than a single event and that motivation is required for the focus, effort and energy needed to move through the stages” (Miller, W.R., Rollnick, S., 2002). What makes the Trans-Theoretical Model so unique, is that it describes how change occurs over time and not immeadiately. According to Prochaska & DiClemente (1983), this theory proposes that a person may progress through five stages of change when trying to modify their behaviors. In the first stage titled pre-contemplation, we have people who have no intentions of taking action, or wanting to change their behavior in the near future. Many peers suggest that the desire to change a behavior is usually measured within the next six months (Prochaska, DiClemente, & Norcross, 1992). Individuals in this stage are unaware or uninformed of the consequences of their behavior (Scholl, 2002), or they may have had a number of failed attempts and are reluctant to try again (Prochaska & Velicer, 1997). Prochaska et al. (1992), says the main component of pre-contemplation, is the person shows resistance to recognize or modify problem behavior. For an individual to move out of this stage...
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...to continually review and provide new information relative to the change process and to our evolving society and culture. T here are many change theories and some of the most widely recognized are briefly summarized in this article. The theories serve as a testimony to the fact that change is a real phenomenon. It can be observed and analyzed through various steps or phases. The theories have been conceptualized to answer the question, “How does successful change happen?” Lewin’s Three-Step Change Theory Kurt Lewin (1951) introduced the three-step change model. This social scientist views behavior as a dynamic balance of forces working in opposing directions. Driving forces facilitate change because they push employees in the desired direction. Restraining forces hinder change because they push employees in the opposite direction. Therefore, these forces must be analyzed and Lewin’s three-step model can help shift the balance in the direction of the planned change (http://www.csupomona.edu/~jvgrizzell/best_practices/bctheory.html). 1 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCHOLARLY ACADEMIC INTELLECTUAL DIVERSITY...
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...Phase 3 Student’s Name Institutional Affiliation Unhealthy Behavior: Not hitting the gym for aerobics Group Members: Three close friends Goals: Attend daily aerobics classes per week Baseline data: Aerobics is a form of physical exercise offered in gymnasiums and combines rhythmic exercises with stretching to improve cardio-vascular fitness, flexibility, and muscular strength and more importantly reduces predisposition to illnesses (Hales, 2008). With knowledge of these benefits, I and my friends registered for aerobics classes for daily exercising. However, my friends were found to be less active and skipped some classes. Instead of the usual daily one-hour-classes per week, two of my friends went for the aerobics for one per week and sometimes left the class after thirty minutes of exercise. The other third friend is more consistent than the other two and attends aerobics classes for three to four days in a week. The two friends who attend an average of one lesson per week argued that course work took much of their time hence could not attend the aerobics class. They argued that they would not attend aerobic classes even after finishing class work since they were too tired, thus attended the aerobics lessons only when they had no class work, but even then, they would rush out whenever they felt tired. However, they were aware of the benefits that are associated with aerobics. The other friend who attended aerobics classes for an average of three to four classes per...
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...Behavior Change Project The Transtheoretical Model The Transtheoretical Model (TTM) is an integrative model developed in the early 1980’s by Prochaska and DiClemente to conceptualize the process of intentional behavior change (Pro- Change Behavior Systems, 2015). The TTM emerged from a comparative analysis of the most powerful principles and processes of change from leading theories in psychotherapy and behavior change, including Conscious Raising by Sigmund Freud, Contingency Management by BF Skinner and Helping Relationships by Carl Rogers (Hayden, 2014; Hergenrather, 200*; Pro- Change Behavior Systems, 2015). Whereas other models of behavior change focus exclusively on certain dimensions of change such as social or biological, the TTM seeks to include and integrate key constructs from other theories into a comprehensive theory of change that can be applied to a variety of behaviors, populations, and settings including treatment settings, prevention and policy-making settings. Thus the name Transtheoretical (Pro- Change Behavior Systems, 2015). Stages of change It is not easy to for individuals to change from an unhealthy behavior to a healthy one. Therefore, the TTM focuses on the decision-making of the individual. It operates on the assumption that people do not change behavior quickly and decisively, rather, change in behavior, particularly long-term behavior, occurs continuously through a cyclical process (Boston University School of Public Health, 2016). The...
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...Stages of Change Model • Stages of Change Theory The Stages of Change Model was originally developed in the late 1970's and early 1980's by James Prochaska and Carlo DiClemente at the University of Rhode Island when they were studying how smokers were able to give up their habits or addiction. Addiction: The negative end state of a syndrome (of neurobiological and psychosocial causes) resulting in continued or increasing repetitive involvement despite consequences and conscious efforts to discontinue the behavior. Addiction to any particular substance or behavior is seen mainly as a matter of personal vulnerability, exposure and access, and the capacity to produce a desirable shift in mental state. This definition was originally formulated by Howard J. Shaffer, Ph.D., C.A.S.Harvard Medical School, Division on Addictions. The SCM model has been applied to a broad range of behaviors including weight loss, injury prevention, overcoming alcohol, and drug problems among others. The idea behind the SCM is that behavior change does not happen in one step. Rather, people tend to progress through different stages on their way to successful change. Also, each of us progresses through the stages at our own rate. So expecting behavior change by simply telling someone, for example, who is still in the "pre-contemplation" stage that he or she must go to a certain number of AA meetings in a certain time period is rather naive (and perhaps counterproductive) because they are not ready...
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...Introduction The phrase physical activity can mean many things to different people; many people get confused between exercise and physical activity thinking that both are the same thing. The American College of Sports Medicine describe physical activity as a bodily activity or movement that increase energy expenditure by the contraction of skeletal muscles. (ACSM 2012). This means that physical activity is anything that increases energy expenditure, for example walking up the stairs or hovering up. Physical activity is generally unplanned whereas exercise is structured and consists of repetitive bodily movements, for example going for a run. To gain the large amounts of health benefits associated with being physically fit excessive exercise is not required. The National Health Service and the Department of Health both state that adults should be completing a minimum of 150 minutes of physical activity per week. The physical activity should be moderate to vigorous intensity. Alternately 75 minutes of vigorous intensity activity across the week such as running, football or swimming. All adults should also aim to improve muscle strength on at least two days a week and minimise sedentary activities. There are many health benefits associated with physical activity, there are also implications on health of inactivity and large prolonged periods of sedentary behaviour. Sedentary behaviour is not the absence of physical activity as many believed it is periods of doing very little...
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...Running head: INFREQUENCY OF EXERCISE Infrequency of Exercise in Americans and its Potential Dangers Elecia Black MAT 540: Statistical Concepts for Research Instructor Charles Edeki October 7, 2013 Introduction The issue that was selected for this paper is the lack of exercise among Americans and the potential dangers that lack of exercise lead to. This issue was selected because lack of exercise is putting peoples’ health at risk as a nation. According to research studies, Americans do not exercise as often as they should. Reasons such as work, children, not having access to exercise facilities, and etc. have been given as to why this lack of exercise has occurred. However, many people have come to the conclusion that they do not exercise because they feel as if they do not have a reason to. And for this very reason, the American people are jeopardizing their health. This infrequency of exercise often leads to potential dangers such as obesity, high blood pressure, heart disease, diabetes and colon cancer to name a few. But, research shows that with more frequent exercise, these potential dangers can be reduced and promote a healthier America. Statement of the Problem According to a study done by the US Department of Health and Human Services, regular physical activity reduces the risk of premature death and disability from a variety of conditions including heart disease, diabetes, and colon cancer. Some people are unaware of the fact that lack of exercise will...
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...The Transtheoretical Model I. Introduction A. History of TTM B. Why the TTM is used for health promotion Thesis - The Transtheoretical Model is and will continue to be one of the most popular in the behavior change field due to its uniqueness and effectiveness. II. Transtheoretical Model A. Overview of the TTM B. Constructs of TTM III. Journal Article w| Transtheoretical Model A. How constructs are applied B. Critique on the model Shaquia Lewis UIN: 00965263 CRN: 29315 I pledge to support the Honor System of Old Dominion University. I will refrain from any form of academic dishonesty or deception, such as cheating or plagiarism. I am aware that as a member of the academic community it is my responsibility to turn in all suspected violations of the Honor Code. I will report to a hearing if summoned. The Transtheoretical Model The Transtheoretical Model has tremendously helped the health field progress to more inclusive approaches to research and other practices [2]. In the 1970s, James Prochaska laid the foundations for this model. In the 1990s, two scales were developed using the model [2]. This model is used for health promotion because it enables people to make behavioral changes and improve their health. The Transtheoretical Model is and will continue to be one of the most popular in the behavior change field due to its uniqueness and effectiveness. The Transtheoretical Model has six constructs with two being broken...
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...Self-reflection ppd plan This is a personal and professional development that shows a self-reflection of me using the skills audit discussed in the PPD sessions in the class room. This also provides insights of various strengths and weakness I possess and the various things which I want to develop during the course of my HND programme both in respect to my personal and professional development. It also gives out steps of how to achieve the same. Introduction I believe in the philosophy of improving myself as much as I can and in whatever way possible. I believe as surroundings change the challenge is to adjust to the change surrounding and try to adapt and learn what the new environment has in store for you. I believe each day bring a lot of opportunities for growth. My biggest strength I believe is that I believe in power of positive thinking and my utmost faith is in the fact that whatever happens, happens for good reason, so no matter how hard times I see, I take it as means for me to learning new things out of the whole experience and this make the journey of life more easy. Self-Reflection In my course or HND Hospitality Management and various PPD sessions which included the skills audit, time management questionnaire had helped me to do a self-analysis, of my own personality. Though there are various traits that I came across while answering the questions to the Kolb’s learning cycle and vak/vark learning styles self-assessment questionnaire, there were...
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