ISM | Root Word | History | Scope | Characteristics | Advantages | Disadvantages | Islamic Stand | Example | Secularism | | | | | | | | | Postmodernism | Post = After, behind and followingModern = Modo modernus or modus which means just now, ability to measure manner | 1917-to show nihilism of modern western cultures1930-to show reaction cause by modernism1970-apply in art and architecture | 1917-to show nihilism of modern western cultures1930-to show reaction cause by modernism1970-apply in art and architecture | 1) worldview that deny all worldviews2) self-identity was emerged from group3) fragmentation into smaller ones4) distrust universal and force structure | 1) worldview that deny all worldviews2) self-identity was emerged from group3) fragmentation into smaller ones4) distrust universal and force structure | 1) ignore little narrative contains many needs2) not distinguish between ideology and universal principles of ethics | 1) ignore little narrative contains many needs2) not distinguish between ideology and universal principles of ethics | Wedding come from different faith background such as groom is Christian but bridegroom is Muslim | Materialism | | | | | | | | | Extremism | Comes from the word extreme which means an opinion or way of behaving that is different from another as it is possible to be. (Macmillan Dictionary) | There was a dissension of the Khawarij who accused the Caliph Ali, Mu’aweya, and the arbiters Abu Moussa Al Ash’ary and Amr bin Al Aass of infidelity for the arbitration. They also accused the followers of Al Jamal, Talha, Al Zubair, Ayisha, and all those who consented the arbitration, of infidelity. They considered infidel to any Muslims who commits a sin, shether small or grave, n contradiction with the consensus of the people of good judgement who saw that no Muslims could be accused of infidelity because of committing a sin unless he considers it lawful for him to practice. | 1) Extreme liberalism.2) Religious dogmatism.3) Eruption of masochistic. | 1) Unquestioned certainty about one’s position.2) Demonizing those who disagree.3) Desire for a Final Battle, or “Holy War”.4) Lack the knowledge about the Qur’an and Sunnah.5) Lacking in knowledge of the objectives of Shariah6) Lack of knowledge of proofs and tools in concluding thoughts.7) Lack of historical knowledge.8) Ignorance of the reality and environment. | 1.Extremism in politics to give freedom to the people of the country against tyranny.2.Create a unification among organizations (Jihadist). | 1.The excessiveness is too disagreeable for ordinary human nature to endure or tolerate. Allah’s commands and legislations are addressed to the whole humanity, not to a special group who may have a unique capacity for endurance.2.The excessiveness is short lived. The capacity and capability for human for endurance and perservence is naturally limited as man can easily become bored.3.Excessive practice jeopardize other rights and obligations. | The Islamic scholars believe that the idea of extremism will set a drawback especially its implication to the da’wah.Firstly, extremism is by definition a position taken by a minority-those that are far from the centre or middle of the road. Therefore, an extremist attitude will not attract the majority of the non-Muslims, who would simply find it too difficult to follow.Secondly, extremism hinders da’wah by causing unnecessary conflicts, which in turn cause concern to people in authority or give them reason to intervene. This intervene limit the freedom of serious da’wah organizations to carry out their programs. | The Taliban believe that their ways of jihad are the path to paradise. Their ways are to kill the enemies of Islam. One of their methods is to strike in the heart of the enemy territory. For example, the collapsed of the Empire State building in 9/11/2001. | Liberalism | from the Latin liber means “free” | Liberalism as a political movement spans the better part of the last four centuries, though the use of the word liberalism to refer to a specific political doctrine did not occur until the 19th century. Perhaps the first modern state founded on liberal principles, with no hereditary aristocracy, was The United States of America, whose Declaration of Independence states that "all men are created equal and endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights". A few years later, the French Revolution overthrew the hereditary aristocracy, with the slogan "liberty, equality, fraternity", and was the first state in history to grant universal male suffrage. | 1. Liberalism and cultural difference.2. Liberalism and women's difference.3. Economic liberalism4. Classical and revisionist liberalism. | 1. It is belief,which it founded on humanism, in the integrity and sacredness of free individual.2. It emphasizes on the freedom of the individual to express their faith,thought,and ideas | 1. Because liberalism upholds individual rights, one great advantage is its guarantee of certain freedoms.2. Liberalism's main tenant is that individuals may do as they please as long as it does not harm others or affect their freedom, and these rights are the advantages of such a belief system. |  Anti-discrimination measures Separation of religion and state Health reform Educational reform Secularism in Government Provision of social welfare. | Liberals generally claim that they are returning to the principals of the early Muslim community, arguing that the traditionalist or the fundamentalist have diverged from true Islam through their focus on the literal word rather than the ethical intent of scripture and are usually secularist in nature. | Freedom to vote, speak a person's mind, publish government criticisms, protest and own weapons are all associated with the rights of an individual | Globalism | - Globe(describe and explain nothing more than a world which is characterized by networks of connections that span multi-continental distances) | - Related to a phenomenon with ancient roots how "thin" or "thick" it is at any given time- One of the earliest known usages of the term as the noun "globalization" was in 1930 - in a publication entitled Towards New Education - to denote a holistic view of human experience in education- A related term, 'corporate giants', was coined by Charles Taze Russell in 1897 to describe the largely national trusts and other large enterprises of the time- First known used of the word “globalism” was in 1943 | - Seeks to describe and explain nothing more than a world which is characterized by networks of connections that span multi-continental distances- attempts to understand all the inter-connections of the modern world | - A series of gradual actions that break downs geopolitical boundaries and turns the world into a single global unit- Control of economic activities by domestic market and international market, coordination of national economy and world economy | - The telephone, satellite television, and the Internet connected all Muslims in this world- Greater chance for the people in those countries to economically succeed and increase their standard of living- Improved ability to interact, coordinate globally and work together toward common goals- Easy to understand other culture- New communications and information technology helped disseminate knowledge in many fields of study and disciplines- Global competition encourages creativity and innovation as everyday new technology is produced | - Encourage people to think, act and live like westerners (Non-Muslim) that can lead Muslim to global culture like atheism and materialism- People are more interested in what they have rather than the essential aspects of humanity- Brings about economic exploitation and impoverishment - Cause serious erosion of Islamic beliefs, values, culture and tradition | - Globalisation is prompting a reformulation of the common Muslim belief that Islam is not only a religion but also a complete way of life. | |