...Unit 2 Assignment 1 Blank Answer Sheet Name: Date: Electronics ET2530 Chapter 2 (pp. 111-113) 2. A 1500 kHz carrier and a 2 kHz intelligence signal are combined in a non-linear device. List all the frequency components produced. - 1498, 1500, and 1520KHz 3.If a carrier is amplitude modulated what causes the sideband frequencies? - The non-linear mixing of the carrier and intelligence frequencies. 4.What determines the bandwidth of emission for an AM transmission? - It is twice the frequency of the highest audio frequency transmitted. The upper sideband is fc +FM where fc is the carrier frequency and FM is the modulation (audio) frequency .The lower sideband is fc – FM. The total bandwidth is 2*FM 5.Explain the difference between a sideband and a side frequency. - A sideband carries the modulation or "information". in old fashioned AM and FM transmission schemes, a carrier is broadcast in addition to the sideband(s). Only the sideband is needed to communicate. A spurious frequency that happens when a carrier is transmitted has no added "information" and just adds to the transmission bandwidth. Sometimes these occur by intermixing within the transmitter. a common example is CB splatter from overdrive of RF amps. 9.Draw a diagram (or indicate which text book Figure # shows this) of a carrier wave envelope when modulated by 50% by a sinusoidal wave. Indicate on the diagram the dimension from which the percentage of modulation is determined. ...
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...Jake Robinson ET3220 Unit 4 Assignment 1: Unit Review Questions 6.2 The function of a modem is modulation and demodulation. A modem takes a signal and modulates it so that the data can be sent via an audio link such as a phone. Then at the other end of the line another modem demodulates the signal back into the original data that was to be sent. 6.3 Three major advantages of digital transmission over analog transmission are: 1. Digital transmissions cannot get corrupted by noise. 2. Digital signals typically use less bandwidth. 3. Digital transmissions can be encrypted so that only the intended recipient can decode it. 6.4 In ASK or amplitude-shift keying the two binary values are represented by two different amplitudes of the carrier frequency. The limitations of ASK are that it is linear and sensitive to atmospheric noise, distortion, propagation condition on different routes in PSTN. It requires extensive bandwidth and is therefore a waste of power. 6.7 QAM is a popular analog signaling technique that is known as quadrature amplitude modulation. This modulation technique is a combination of ASK and PSK. QAM can also be considered a logical extension of QPSK. QAM takes advantage of the fact that it is possible to send two different signals simultaneously on the same carrier frequency, by using two copies of the carrier frequency, one shifted by 90 degrees with respect to the other. 6.8 The sampling theorem tells us that the sampling...
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...Semester Period Unit No 103 Units Covered Unit Name Further Mathematics for Engineering Technicians Electrical and Electronic Principles Data Communications and Networks Analytical Methods for Engineers Engineering Science Telecommunication Principles Advanced Mathematics for Engineering Electrical and Electronic Principles Business Management Techniques for Engineers Computer Programming Techniques Radio Communication Engineering Electronic Principles Principles and Applications of Microcontrollers Digital and Analogue Devices and Circuits Management of Projects Project Design, Implementation and Evaluation Personal and Professional Development Work-based Experience Credit Hours 10 10 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 15 20 15 15 15 15 20 15 15 Unit Level 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 5 4 4 4 5 4 5 5 5 5 5 Semester 1 (10 weeks) September- November 2014 101 119 001 Semester 2 (10 weeks) December- February 2014 002 118 059 Semester 3 (10 weeks) March - May 2014 005 007 112 Semester 4 (10 weeks) June - August 2015 120 039 113 Semester 5 (10 weeks) September-November 2015 117 037 Semester 6 (10 weeks) 003 December 2015 -February 2016 027 029 Industrial Training March 2016 - September 2016 UNIT 1: ANALYTICAL METHODS FOR ENGINEERS Unit 1: Unit code: QCF level: Credit value: Analytical Methods for Engineers A/601/1401 4 15 • Aim This unit will provide the analytical knowledge and techniques needed to carry out a range of engineering...
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...Page No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Academic calendar Digital Communications Microprocessors and microcontrollers Digital Signal Processing Object Oriented Programming Through Java Managerial Economics And Financial Analysis Digital Signal Processing Lab Microprocessor & Microcontroller Lab Advanced English Communication Skills Lab Object Orient Programming Through Java Lab 2 3 48 85 129 186 217 219 222 224 ACADEMIC CALENDAR VIGNAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT ACADEMIC CALENDAR B. Tech Academic Year 2013 - 2014 - II - Semester S.No Event Date th 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. Submission of abstracts of main project by IV years Faculty orientation program Commencement of Class work Spell for UNIT – I Instructions Fresher’s day Spell for UNIT – II Instructions Alumni meet VIGNAN TARANG Spell for Unit-III Instructions st nd Assignment -1/ Unit test-1 on I & II Units Submission of results & week students list to Dept Spell for Unit-IV Instructions University I-Mid-Exam- II & IV Year rd University I-Mid-Exam- III Year Spell for UNIT – V Instructions for II &IV years rd Spell for UNIT – V Instructions for III year LAB INTERNAL-1 Commencement of Special classes for Slow learners Spell for UNIT – VI Instructions for II &IV years rd Spell for UNIT – VI Instructions for III year Submission of Mini project title along with guide for III year Spell for Unit – VII Instructions...
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...Unit 1 Assignment 1 Blank Answer Sheet Name: Date: Electronics ET2530 1. Define Modulation. The process of varying one or more properties of a periodic waveform, called the carrier signal, with a modulating signal that contains information to be transmitted. 2. What is a carrier Frequency? A carrier frequency is a single radio frequency with steady amplitude. 3. Describe two reasons that modulation is used for communications transmissions. a) Signal integrity b) Power savings 4. List three parameters of a high frequency carrier that may be varied by a low frequency intelligence signal. Amplitude, frequency and phase v = Vp·sin(ωt + Φ) ω = 2πf (describe which parameters can be varied) 5. What are the frequency ranges included in the following frequency subdivisions: MF (medium frequency)300-3000kHz, HF (high frequency)3-30MHz, VHF (very high frequency)30-300MHz, UHF (ultra-high frequency)300-3000MHz, and SHF (super high frequency)3-30GHz? 7. A microwave transmitter typically requires a +8dBm audio level to drive the input fully. If a +10 dBm level is measured, what is the actual voltage level measured? Assume a 600Ω system. (2.45V) Hint: Use this equation and solve it for V2 10 dBm = 20 · log10 (V2/0.77459) 9. Convert the following power to their dBm equivalents: (a) p = 1 W = 30.0000dBm (b) p = 0.001 W = 0.00000dBm (c) p = 0.0001W = -10.0000dBm (d) p = 25 μW = dBm Use this formula: dBm = 10 · log10 [P2/(10-3)] 15. Define electrical noise...
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...Systems – AMS 501 Assignment 1 * Some of the questions of this assignment have been discussed as a syndicate and some of these answers have sought the help of the internet. It is therefore a possibility that some similarities occur. In your own words explain (use your own illustration if it can help) 1. What are the advantages to using radio frequencies as a medium for communications? a. It is a cheaper form of communication in a sense that it gets rid of all logistical requirements for wiring as radio waves travels through air. b. It is a more flexible means of communication as you can easily move transmitters and receivers around. c. Since communications no longer rely on wires, a person can communicate while on the move from point A to point B and doesn’t have to stay in a fixed location. d....
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...Radio Frequency (RF) Interference Analysis and Optimization By Farhana Jahan ID: 061-19-342 Md. Rafiqul Islam ID: 061-19-370 Md. Mohibul Hasan ID: 061-19-373 A thesis report presented in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering Supervised by Mohammed Humayun Manager (Network Department) ADVANCED DATA NETWORKS SYSTEM LIMITED Red Crescent Concord Tower (19th floor) 17, Mohakhali Commercial Area, Dhaka-1212 Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering DAFFODIL INTERNATIONAL UNIVERSITY October 2009 i APPROVAL PAGE This thesis titled „Radio Frequency (RF) Interference Analysis and Optimization‟, Submitted by Md. Rafiqul Islam, Md. Mohibul Hasan and Farhana Jahan to the Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Daffodil International University, has been accepted as satisfactory for the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering and approved as to its style and contents. The presentation was held on 19th October 2009. Board of Examiners Mr. Golam Mowla Choudhury Professor and Head Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering Daffodil International University ---------------------(Chairman) Dr. M. Lutfar Rahman Dean & Professor Faculty of Science and Information Technology Daffodil International University ---------------------(Member) A K M Fazlul...
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... |P/D |C | | |English |2+1 |- |4 | | |Mathematics - I |3+1 |- |6 | | |Mathematical Methods |3+1 |- |6 | | |Applied Physics |2+1 |- |4 | | |C Programming and Data Structures |3+1 |- |6 | | |Network Analysis |2+1 |- |4 | | |Electronic Devices and Circuits |3+1 |- |6 | | |Engineering Drawing |- |3 |4 | | |Computer Programming Lab. |- |3 |4 | | |IT Workshop |- |3 |4 | | |Electronic Devices and Circuits Lab |- |3 |4 | | |English Language Communication Skills Lab. |- |3 |4 | | |Total |25 |15...
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...CHAPTER: 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Some basics elements of communication systems: In [1] [21], it is mentioned that communication system means a system where transmission of data or information is done from one point to another by several processes. The processes consist of generation of an information signal, description of the information signal through a defined set of symbols, encoding of the symbols through communication channels, decoding and reproduction of original symbols and finally re-creation of the original information signal. All these features of a communication system can be described by three basic elements such as transmitter, channel and receiver. Figure 1.1: Basic structure of communication system 1.2 Wireless communication background In 1921, Detroit Michigan Police Dept. made the earliest significant use of Mobile radio in a vehicle in the United States. The system operated at a frequency close to 2 MHz. The channels soon became overcrowded. In 1940, new frequencies between 30 and 40 MHz were made available. Increasing the available channels encouraged a substantial buildup of police systems. Shortly thereafter other users found a need for this form of communication. Private individuals, companies and public agencies purchased and operated their own mobile units. In 1945, first public mobile telephone system in the U.S. was inaugurated in St. Louis, Missouri with three channels at 150 MHz. Six channels spaced 60 kHz apart were allocated for this service...
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...3G Unit-1: GPRS & EDGE General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) General Packet Radio Service (GPRS) is a mobile data service available to users of GSM mobile phones. It is often described as "2.5G", that is, a technology between the second (2G) and third (3G) generations of mobile telephony. It provides moderate speed data transfer, by using unused TDMA channels in the GSM network. Originally there was some thought to extend GPRS to cover other standards, but instead those networks are being converted to use the GSM standard, so that is the only kind of network where GPRS is in use. GPRS is integrated into GSM standards releases starting with Release 97 and onwards. First it was standardised by ETSI but now that effort has been handed onto the 3GPP. GPRS is different from the older Circuit Switched Data (or CSD) connection included in GSM standards releases before Release 97 (from 1997, the year the standard was feature frozen). In CSD, a data connection establishes a circuit, and reserves the full bandwidth of that circuit during the lifetime of the connection. GPRS is packet-switched which means that multiple users share the same transmission channel, only transmitting when they have data to send. This means that the total available bandwidth can be immediately dedicated to those users who are actually sending at any given moment, providing higher utilization where users only send or receive data intermittently. Web browsing, receiving e-mails as they arrive and instant...
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...TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE NO. CHAPTER 1- INTRODUCTION 1.1 INTRODUCTION 6 1.2 WHAT IS OFDMA? 9 CHAPTER 2 - SUBCARRIER ALLOCATION SCHEMES 2.1 STATIC SUBCARRIER ALLOCATION 12 2.2 DYNAMIC SUBCARRIER ALLOCATION 14 2.2.1 THE PROPOSED DSA SCHEME 15 CHAPTER 3- FLOW CHART AND ALGORITHM 4.1 FLOW CHART 17 4.1.1 MAIN FLOWCHART 17 4.1.2 WHEN 2 USERS FALL IN RANGE NUMBERED 3,5,8,14 20 4.1.3 WHEN 3 USERS FALL IN RANGE NUMBERED 3,5,8,14 22 4.2 ALGORITHM 24 CHAPTER 5-BLOCK DIAGRAMS 5.1 CONTROL FRAME TRANSCEIVER 28 5.2 DATA TRANSMISSION 29 5.3 DATA RECEPTION 31 CHAPTER 6- IMPLEMENTATION AND RESULTS 6.1 MATLAB 34 6.1.1 INSTRUCTIONS USED IN CODE 35 6.2 CONTROL FRAME TRANSMISSION AND RECEPTION 39 6.3 DATA GENERATION...
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...Both buildings are two stories tall. From the second floor or the roof of each building there is a clear line of sight above the expected height of any vegetation currently in the area. You have been assigned the task of determining the available wireless methods that could be used to connect the buildings to each other and presenting these options to the executive team. The executive team consists of the CEO, the CFO, and the managers of the five business units. They will need to know the following about each option in terms that nontechnical staff can readily understand: The way the method transmits data back and forth The advantages of the method The disadvantages of the method The costs of the method Whether the costs are classified as opex or capex Whether any permits are required from the controlling jurisdiction Whether there are any legal requirements that must be meet before deploying it The inherent security of the method Whether you recommend this method and why or why not Your assignment it to prepare a concise...
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...Both buildings are two stories tall. From the second floor or the roof of each building there is a clear line of sight above the expected height of any vegetation currently in the area. You have been assigned the task of determining the available wireless methods that could be used to connect the buildings to each other and presenting these options to the executive team. The executive team consists of the CEO, the CFO, and the managers of the five business units. They will need to know the following about each option in terms that nontechnical staff can readily understand: The way the method transmits data back and forth The advantages of the method The disadvantages of the method The costs of the method Whether the costs are classified as opex or capex Whether any permits are required from the controlling jurisdiction Whether there are any legal requirements that must be meet before deploying it The inherent security of the method Whether you recommend this method and why or why not Your assignment it to prepare a concise...
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...Both buildings are two stories tall. From the second floor or the roof of each building there is a clear line of sight above the expected height of any vegetation currently in the area. You have been assigned the task of determining the available wireless methods that could be used to connect the buildings to each other and presenting these options to the executive team. The executive team consists of the CEO, the CFO, and the managers of the five business units. They will need to know the following about each option in terms that nontechnical staff can readily understand: The way the method transmits data back and forth The advantages of the method The disadvantages of the method The costs of the method Whether the costs are classified as opex or capex Whether any permits are required from the controlling jurisdiction Whether there are any legal requirements that must be meet before deploying it The inherent security of the method Whether you recommend this method and why or why not Your assignment it to prepare a concise...
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...Both buildings are two stories tall. From the second floor or the roof of each building there is a clear line of sight above the expected height of any vegetation currently in the area. You have been assigned the task of determining the available wireless methods that could be used to connect the buildings to each other and presenting these options to the executive team. The executive team consists of the CEO, the CFO, and the managers of the five business units. They will need to know the following about each option in terms that nontechnical staff can readily understand: The way the method transmits data back and forth The advantages of the method The disadvantages of the method The costs of the method Whether the costs are classified as opex or capex Whether any permits are required from the controlling jurisdiction Whether there are any legal requirements that must be meet before deploying it The inherent security of the method Whether you recommend this method and why or why not Your assignment it to prepare a concise...
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