Five advantages:
1. C++ is well-suited for large projects because it has an object-oriented structure. People can collaborate on one program by breaking it up into parts and having a small group or even one individual work on each part. The object-oriented structure also allows code to be reused a lot, which can cut down development time. C++ is also a fairly efficient language - although many C programmers will disagree.
2. C is a popular language, especially in game programming, because it doesn't have the extra packaging of the object-oriented C++. Programmers use C because it makes programs slightly faster and smaller than programs written in C++. You might wonder, however, whether it's worth giving up the reusability of C++ to get the small increase in performance with C, especially when C++ can, where necessary, be written in a C programming style.
3. Pascal is primarily a teaching language. Few industrial programs are written in Pascal. Pascal tends to use keywords instead of C-style braces and symbols, so it is a bit easier for beginners to understand than languages like C++. Still, not everyone thinks Pascal is just for the schools. Borland, the huge compiler software company, has been pushing Delphi as an industrial strength programming language. Delphi is an object-oriented version of Pascal, and currently, only Borland compilers use it.
4. Java is a multi-platform language that is especially useful in networking. Of course, the most famous usage of Java is on the web, with Java applets, but Java is also used to build cross-platform programs that stand alone. Since it resembles C++ in syntax and structure, learning Java is usually quite easy for most C++ programmers. Java offers the advantages provided by object-oriented programming, such as reusability; on the other hand, it can be difficult to write highly efficient code in Java, and Swing, its primary user interface, is notoriously slow. Nevertheless, Java has increased in speed in recent years, and version 1.5 offers some new features for making programming easier.
5. Perl was originally a file management language for Unix, but it has become well known for its use in CGI programming. CGI (Common Gateway Interface) is a term for programs that web servers can execute to allow web pages additional capabilities. Perl is great with regular expression pattern matching, which is a method for searching text. Perl can be used for databases and other useful server functions, and it is simple to pick up the basics if you have experience in any imperative language. Web hosting services prefer Perl over C++ as a CGI language because the web hosts can inspect Perl script files, since they're just text files, while C++ is compiled, so it can't be inspected for potentially dangerous code. Perl is, however, notorious for its "write once" style of code -- it's very easy to write Perl scripts taking advantage of lots of shortcuts that you later cannot understand.

Five disadvantages:
1. Conclusion Global variables make it easy to share values between different parts of your Data Services jobs. However there are many potential issues and limitations with using global variables. The main issue with global variables is that they don’t allow for creating jobs based on componentised scripts and dataflows. This lack of componentisation impacts code reuse, unit testing, configuration management while at the same time makes your code more fragile as the global variable can be altered by any part of the job with unintended consequences.
2. Tight Coupling Global variables introduce tight coupling in the code line of your job. This is where two parts of your code have a dependency between them. In our above example the dataflow depends on the script correctly setting the global variable values and that they have not been changed by any other script in between.
3. Hidden Dependencies As well as producing tightly coupled code, global variables also hide the dependencies between the different parts of the job. When looking at a dataflow we can see that it uses some global variables but we don’t know where these values are being set without methodically checking the rest of the job. Similarly when a script is setting values to a global variable we do not know for what purpose or where else they are being used.
4. Lack of Confinement for Unit Testing Another factor of having tightly coupled code is that it makes unit testing difficult if not in some extreme cases impossible. When unit testing we want to be able to test a single dataflow or script in isolation. This then allows you to keep the unit test focussed purely of the functionality of that dataflow or script which in turn helps ensure that the dataflow or script is functionally correct. Scripts and dataflows are unit tested through creation of unit test jobs which only execute the script or dataflow under test.
5. Runtime Access Values for a global variable can be set when scheduling a job or executing the job from Designer. The SAP Data Services admin console allows a system operator to set a value for a global variable at run time. Unless this is allowed or the job itself manages such a situation then we leave ourselves exposed to using incorrect values being entered by the operator.

How can you declare global and local variables in flowcharts?
• Write the Flowchart with Raptor for the following programming problem and the pseudo code below. Write a modular program that will calculate the cost of purchasing a meal. The Python program can use global or local variables and RAPTOR use global variables. This program will include decisions and loops.

How can you declare global and local variables in pseudocode?
Global Variables (Crystal Syntax) Global variables use the same memory block to store a value throughout the main report. This value is then available to all formulas that declare the variable, except for those in subreports. You declare a global variable as in the following example:
Global StringVar y; You can also omit the Global keyword which creates a Global variable by default:StringVar y; //Same as: Global StringVary; However, even though global variables are easy to declare, it is recommended that you use them only when local variables do not suffice.
Since global variables share their values throughout the main report, you cannot declare a global variable in one formula with one type and then declare a global variable with the same name in a different formula with a different type
.Example
//Formula A
Global DateVar z; z := CDate (1999, 9, 18)
//Formula B
NumberVar z; z := 20
In this case, if you enter and save Formula A first, Crystal Reports will return an error when you check or try to save Formula B. This is because the declaration of the Global variable z as a Number conflicts with its earlier declaration in Formula A as a Date.

\Declare Local Variables in Pseudocode?
Declaring variables
Syntax: DIM
OR
:
OR
:
Ex: DIM integer Roll
StudentName : String boolean : IsWorking
Note: A variable name (also called an Identifier) must start with either an alphabet or an underscore followed by an alphabet. It must not contain and special characters such as ^, & @ etc. Variable names should be meaningful, such as
‘Student_Name’ and not ‘x’ or ‘y’ etc. Also, try and keep them short so that they are easier to remember.