...cohorts. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted using Premier’s Perspective™ hospital database. Patients who had an inpatient procedure within a specialty of interest (cardiac, vascular, non-cardiac thoracic, solid organ, general, reproductive organ, knee/hip replacement, or spinal surgery) during 2006-2007 were identified. For each specialty, the rate of bleeding-related complications (including bleeding event, intervention to control for bleeding, and blood product transfusions) was examined, and hospital costs and length of stay (LOS) were compared between surgeries with and without bleeding-related complications. Incremental costs and ratios of average total hospital costs for patients with bleeding-related complications vs. those without complications were estimated using ordinary least squares (OLS) regression, adjusting for demographics, hospital characteristics, and other baseline characteristics. Models using generalized estimating equations (GEE) were also used to measure the impact of bleeding-related complications on costs while accounting for the effects related to the clustering of patients receiving care from the same hospitals. Results: A total of...
Words: 3559 - Pages: 15
...drivers: an empirical study Philip Vergauwen Faculty of Applied Economic Sciences, Universiteit Hasselt, Hasselt, Belgium ICDs and intangible value drivers 1163 Received February 2007 Revised May 2007 Accepted May 2007 Laury Bollen Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Department of Accounting and Information Management, Universiteit Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands, and Els Oirbans PriceWaterhouseCoopers, Eindhoven, The Netherlands Abstract Purpose – This paper aims to study the relationship between intellectual capital disclosures (ICDs) and the relative importance of intangible assets as company value drivers. Design/methodology/approach – Annual reports of Swedish, British and Danish firms are analysed to measure the extent of ICD. The level of intellectual capital (IC) in firms, measured with proxies for the categories of human, structural and relational capital. Findings – As to the components of IC, the empirical results indicate that there is a strong significant positive relationship between (the level of) structural capital possession of a firm and the firm’s ICD. Practical implications – This suggests that firms with a relatively high level of structural capital, disclose more information on IC in the annual report. The study found no such significant association between human and relational capital in firms and ICD regarding these items. Firms might have a transparency drawback in addressing these issues in the reports when these IC categories...
Words: 8529 - Pages: 35
...ORIGINAL INVESTIGATION Benefits of Influenza Vaccination for Low-, Intermediate-, and High-Risk Senior Citizens Kristin L. Nichol, MD, MPH; J. Wuorenma, RN, BSN; T. von Sternberg, MD Background: Vaccination rates for healthy senior citizens are lower than those for senior citizens with underlying medical conditions such as chronic heart or lung disease. Uncertainty about the benefits of influenza vaccination for healthy senior citizens may contribute to lower rates of utilization in this group. Objective: To clarify the benefits of influenza vaccina- tion among low-risk senior citizens while concurrently assessing the benefits for intermediate- and high-risk senior citizens. Methods: All elderly members of a large health maintenance organization were included in each of 6 consecutive study cohorts. Subjects were grouped according to risk status: high risk (having heart or lung disease), intermediate risk (having diabetes, renal disease, stroke and/or dementia, or rheumatologic disease), and low risk. Outcomes were compared between vaccinated and unvaccinated subjects after controlling for baseline demographic and health characteristics. Results: There were more than 20 000 subjects in each pitalizations (P .001), a 32% decrease in hospitalizations for all respiratory conditions (P .001), and a 27% decrease in hospitalizations for congestive heart failure (P .001). Immunization was also associated with a 50% reduction in all-cause mortality (P .001). Within the risk...
Words: 6723 - Pages: 27
...APPENDIX Checklists A Checklist A-1 Reviewing a Budget 1. Is this budget static (not adjusted for volume) or flexible (adjusted for volume during the year)? 2. Are the figures designated as fixed or variable? 3. Is the budget for a defined unit of authority? 4. Are the line items within the budget all expenses (and revenues, if applicable) that are controllable by the manager? 5. Is the format of the budget comparable with that of previous periods so that several reports over time can be compared if so desired? 6. Are actual and budget for the same period? 7. Are the figures annualized? 8. Test one line-item calculation. Is the math for the dollar difference computed correctly? Is the percentage properly computed based on a percentage of the budget figure? 333 334 APPENDIX A Checklists Checklist A-2 Building a Budget 1. What is the proposed volume for the new budget period? 2. What is the appropriate inflow (revenues) and outflow (cost of services delivered) relationship? 3. What will the appropriate dollar cost be? (Note: this question requires a series of assumptions about the nature of the operation for the new budget period.) 3a. Forecast service-related workload. 3b. Forecast non–service-related workload. 3c. Forecast special project workload if applicable. 3d. Coordinate assumptions for proportionate share of interdepartmental projects. 4. Will additional resources be available? 5. Will this budget accomplish the appropriate managerial objectives for...
Words: 33826 - Pages: 136
...CONTENTS Section 1: Information Systems Overview 3 The CDC 3 Selection of Information System 3-4 Management Information Systems Office 4 Evaluating Surveillance Systems 4-5 Section 2: Information Systems Concepts (TBA) 5 Network Basics 5 Local Area Network and Wide Area Network: Description and Uses 5-6 CDC Network LAN or WAN 6 WI-FI and Telecommuting: Description and Issues 6-7 CDC: To Telecommute or Not 7-8 Section 3: Business Information Systems (TBA) 8 Defining MIS, TPS, DSS, and A.I. 8-10 CDC Using MIS 10 CDC Implementing TPS 10-11 CDC’s Use of DSS 11-12 CDC Implements A.I. 12-13 Section 4: System Development 13 Software System and Software Process 13-14 Waterfall Method vs. Prototype 14-15 The Phases of the Waterfall Method 15-16 Section 5: Information Systems and Society 17 History of Hacking 17 Techniques and Approaches Hackers Use 17-19 Preventive Measures for Minimizing Hacker Disruption 19-20 References 21-24 Section 1: Information Systems Overview The CDC Organizations use information systems for a multitude of reasons. Some of these reasons can be to increase the quality of healthcare and improve the overall health care industry, such as does the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC is well known for collecting data on a vast spectrum of information in order to improve the quality and the way health care is delivered. By conducting research...
Words: 5907 - Pages: 24
...#1…Public health IN THE United States, primary care remains a medical model. This is in contrast to much of the world, where the 1978 Declaration of Alma-At a which recognized that attaining health for all also requires interaction from social and economic sectors - is considered standard. Today, there is much buzz about patient-centered medical homes, a concept that promises to transform the practice of American medicine. There is much to praise about this most recent iteration of the medical home. But the missing ingrethent in all these definitions and models remains public health. A population focus that addresses the social determinants of health is an essential component of primary health care. In the United States, such a comprehensive approach has been labeled community-oriented primary care. This model is built firmly on the Alma-Ata principles and incorporates a public health approach to health services. Community-oriented primary care organizes the delivery of health services, around a population, not simply a collection of individuals. It identifies a population - most frequently a geographically defined community - and uses epidemiology and interventions to improve community and individual health and well-being. In this model, both individual patients and the community are the foci of the delivery of health services. Primary health care stands at the intersection of personal and population health services. It requires integrating medical models of primary care...
Words: 12713 - Pages: 51
...PL3236 - Abnormal Unit 3 Notes – Assessment and Diagnosis Term | Info | Intro | * Clinical Assessment - the process of gathering information about a person and his or her environment to make decisions about the nature, status, and treatment of psychological problems * Typically begins with a set of Referral Questions developed in response to a request for help * Determine the goals of the assessment and select appropriate psych tests or measures | Goals of Assessment | * What procedures and instruments to use – age, med condition, and symptoms influence tools – psychologist’s theoretical perspective also affects scope. * Integrate findings to develop preliminary answers – shares this – process sometimes has therapeutic effect – feedback | Screening | * Screening - an assessment process that attempts to identify psychological problems or predict the risk of future problems among people who are not referred for clinical assessment * All members of group are given a brief measure for which some identified cutoff score indicates the possibility of significant problems, e.g. Centre for Epidemiological Studies-D (CES-D) – possibility of depression. * General Health Questionnaire (GHQ) – broad-based – indicates if more thorough evaluation is needed. * AUDIT test – 10-item screen to identify substance abuse * To evaluate usefulness of screening, they must have: * Sensitivity – ability of the screener/instrument to identify a problem that actually exists...
Words: 3824 - Pages: 16
...Outline The overall objective of this research paper is to identify and address those aspects of alcoholism, which contribute to it as a medical disease. True, alcoholism has many ramifications for society as well as the economy, but the focus of this paper shall be, for the most part, on the medical aspects. In the way of background, alcoholism refers to the drinking of alcoholic beverages to such a degree that major aspects of the individual’s life -such as work, school, family relationships or personal SAFETY AND HEALTH, above all, are seriously and repeatedly interfered with. Alcoholism is considered a disease, meaning that it follows a characteristic course with known physical, psychological, and social systems. The alcoholic continues to consume alcohol despite the destructive consequences. Alcoholism is serious, progressive, and irreversible. If not treated, it can be fatal. It is generally thought that once the disease has developed, the alcoholic will not drink normally again. An alcoholic who abstains from drinking, however, can regain control over the aspects of life with which ALCOHOL interfered. The alcoholic is then said to be “recovering” not “cured” of the disease. It is important to note that the particular symptoms and pattern of DRINKING PROBLEMS may vary with the individual. ALCOHOLISM is, therefore, a very complex disorder, and it is this very complexity which has led some recent researchers to question the accuracy of the disease concept of alcoholism...
Words: 15226 - Pages: 61
...Education on Wound Care for Diabetic Patients Education on Wound Care for Diabetic Patients Abstract Non-compliance of wound care management has increased the risk of infection and amputations. Diabetes wound care management is an important and fundamental aspect when it comes to diabetes teaching and education. Assessment of the feet daily and at a primary care office will provide information such as noncompliance, risks for neuropathy, peripheral vascular disease, macro-vascular disease, and possible amputation. Education provided by health care practitioners to the diabetic population will promote decrease in risk for further complications and the patient to be involved in their own care. Assessment, treatment, and education on wound care management with the involvement of the patient will increase the patient’s quality of life and be very beneficial to both the practitioner and the patient. Keywords: diabetic wound care management, diabetic ulcer care, outpatient diabetes management, diabetic care management Introduction Working in a primary care setting will involve a multitude of disease processes- diabetes mellitus being one of them. Diabetes is a disease that is characterized by high levels of blood glucose with a defect in insulin secretion and cell resistance. Without proper management, diabetes may lead to other issues in health. Examples of such, would be, delay in wound healing, leading to foot ulcerations, which thus increases the risk for amputations...
Words: 5353 - Pages: 22
...BASIC INSTRUMENTATION MEASURING DEVICES AND BASIC PID CONTROL Table of Contents Section 1 - OBJECTIVES 3 Section 2 - INSTRUMENTATION EQUIPMENT 7 2.0 INTRODUCTION 7 2.1 PRESSURE MEASUREMENT 7 2.1.1 General Theory 7 2.1.2 Pressure Scales 7 2.1.3 Pressure Measurement 8 2.1.4 Common Pressure Detectors 9 2.1.5 Differential Pressure Transmitters 11 2.1.6 Strain Gauges 13 2.1.7 Capacitance Capsule 14 2.1.8 Impact of Operating Environment 15 2.1.9 Failures and Abnormalities 16 2.2 FLOW MEASUREMENT 18 2.2.1 Flow Detectors 18 2.2.2 Square Root Extractor 25 2.2.3 Density Compensating Flow Detectors 29 2.2.4 Flow Measurement Errors 31 2.3 LEVEL MEASUREMENT 33 2.3.1 Level Measurement Basics 33 2.3.2 Three Valve Manifold 34 2.3.3 Open Tank Measurement 36 2.3.4 Closed Tank Measurement 36 2.3.5 Bubbler Level Measurement System 42 2.3.6 Effect of Temperature on Level Measurement 44 2.3.7 Effect of Pressure on Level Measurement 47 2.3.8 Level Measurement System Errors 47 2.4 TEMPERATURE MEASUREMENT 49 2.4.1 Resistance Temperature Detector (RTD) 49 2.4.2 Thermocouple (T/C) 52 2.4.3 Thermal Wells 54 2.4.4 Thermostats 55 2.5 NEUTRON FLUX MEASUREMENT 59 2.5.1 Neutron Flux Detection 59 2.5.2 Neutron Detection Methods 60 2.5.3 Start-up (sub-critical) Instrumentation 61 2.5.4 Fission neutron...
Words: 25949 - Pages: 104
...PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE This course aims at preparing students for a professional journey in the growing field of psychology by creating interest and developing an understanding of basic concepts of the discipline. Its major concerns include fostering capability to meet the challenges of self-discovery and effective participation in responding to the needs of society. With a vision to create a balance between society and the individual, the course intends to enable students in developing abilities needed for meeting the challenges and needs of the real world effectively. Along with it, students would also be encouraged to build a relationship with oneself, requisite for self discovery. To this end, the course emphasizes on building the conceptual foundations and acquiring psychological skills through classroom teaching/learning consisting of reflective as well as creative engagement in exercises, projects and hands on experiences. The teaching-learning of the programme would be organized through lectures, group discussions, experiential exercises, group projects, presentations, workshops and seminars. Students would be encouraged to connect to real life issues and participate in the programs and practices in the different social context. To this end practicum is incorporated as an important component in most of the papers with hands on training in the use of various research methods such as: laboratory experiments, field experiments, observation, testing, survey, interview, case...
Words: 8279 - Pages: 34
...Community Interest Company: a Social Enterprise Organisation Project Report Health Needs Assessment: Stroke in South West and South East London Author: Version: Date: Client: Ref No: Dr John Hayward, Sarah Martin, Dr Michael Soljak Final Version 16.03.09 South West and South East London Cardiac and Stroke Network Boards P132 A Social Enterprise organisation and Community Interest Company Registered office: PO Box 1295, 20 Station Road, Gerrards Cross, Buckinghamshire, SL9 8EL English Company Number: 06480440 VAT Registration: 926 9466 78 www.phast.org.uk E&OE Final Project Report P132 Health Needs Assessment: Stroke in South West and South East London Public Health Action Support Team (PHAST) The Public Health Action Support Team (PHAST) is a Community Interest Company. This is a type of social enterprise that is committed to using its surpluses and assets for the public good. Social enterprises are social mission driven organisations which trade in goods or services for a social purpose.1 PHAST is based at Imperial College, London. It has over 60 experienced and expert public health professionals whose aim is to improve the health of the population and reduce inequalities. Many have worked at high level in the NHS, the Department of Health or in academia. Quality assurance and due diligence processes are in place to ensure all associates work to the highest standard. PHAST also has associates with economic, ethical and legal expertise. For further details see www.phast...
Words: 29085 - Pages: 117
...Health & Clinical Psychology Healthy Living Stress Dysfunctional Behaviour Disorders [pic] [pic] [pic] Contents • Objectives for the Health and Clinical Psychology module 6 • What is Health Psychology? Careers in Health Psychology 7 • Unit G543: Health and Clinical Psychology 8 • Exemplar exam paper 9 PART A – INFORMATION TO HELP EVALUATE STUDIES • Evaluation sheet for the theories/studies of Health Psychology 10 • Guide for answering part A & part B exam questions 11 PART B – HEALTHY LIVING • Introduction to Healthy Living 14 • Theories of Health Belief 17 • Compliance with a Medical Regime for Asthma (Becker 1978) 18 • Internal versus External Locus of Control (Rotter 1966) 21 • Analysis of Self-Efficacy Theory of Behavioural Change (Bandura and Adams 1977) 23 • Summary of the health belief theories 26 • Comprehension questions for theories of health belief 27 • Part A exam question 28 • Part B exam question 29 • Evaluation sheet of health belief theories/studies 30 Introduction to Health Promotion 31 • Theories of Health Promotion • Chip pan fire prevention (Cowpe 1983) 32 • Legislation-Bicycle helmet laws and educational campaigns (Dannenberg et al. 1993) 34 • Effects of Fear arousal (Janis & Feshbeck 1953) 37 • Summary of the health...
Words: 32290 - Pages: 130
... . . . . . . . . . . Figure 1. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Figure 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DISCUSSION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AUTHORS’ CONCLUSIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . REFERENCES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . CHARACTERISTICS OF STUDIES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . DATA AND ANALYSES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Analysis 1.1. Comparison 1 ANY FORM OF PSYCHOEDUCATION vs STANDARD CARE, Outcome 1 Compliance: 1a. With medication - non-compliance. . . . . . . . ....
Words: 61871 - Pages: 248
...Chronic Critical Illness Judith E. Nelson1, Christopher E. Cox2, Aluko A. Hope1,3 and Shannon S. Carson4 + Author Affiliations 1Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, and Hertzberg Palliative Care Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; 2Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina; 3Department of Geriatrics and Palliative Medicine, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, New York; 4Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina Correspondence and requests for reprints should be addressed to Judith E. Nelson, M.D., J.D., Box 1232, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, 1 Gustave Levy Place, New York, NY 10029. E-mail: Judith.nelson@mssm.edu Next SectionAbstract Although advances in intensive care have enabled more patients to survive an acute critical illness, they also have created a large and growing population of chronically critically ill patients with prolonged dependence on mechanical ventilation and other intensive care therapies. Chronic critical illness is a devastating condition: mortality exceeds that for most malignancies, and functional dependence persists for most survivors. Costs of treating the chronically critically ill in the United States already exceed $20 billion and are increasing. In...
Words: 10727 - Pages: 43
