...PAPER F6 TAXATION (UK) P R A C T I C E & R E V I S I O N K I T FA 2012 BPP Learning Media is the sole ACCA Platinum Approved Learning Partner – content for the ACCA qualification. In this, the only Paper F6 Practice and Revision Kit to be reviewed by the examiner: We discuss the best strategies for revising and taking your ACCA exams We show you how to be well prepared for your exam We give you lots of great guidance on tackling questions We show you how you can build your own exams We provide you with three mock exams including the December 2012 exam Our Passcard and i-Pass products also support this paper. FOR EXAMS IN 2013 First edition 2007 Seventh edition January 2013 ISBN 9781 4453 6646 3 (previous ISBN 9781 4453 7995 1) ebook ISBN 9781 4453 6949 5 British Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Published by BPP Learning Media Ltd BPP House, Aldine Place London W12 8AA www.bpp.com/learningmedia Printed in the United Kingdom by Polestar Wheatons Hennock Road Marsh Barton Exeter EX2 8RP All our rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior written permission of BPP Learning Media Ltd. We are grateful to the Association of Chartered Certified Accountants for permission to reproduce past examination...
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...Taxation Finance Act 2009 Alan Melville S IT IN TH W EEN ON NO IFT ITI F ED ● ● 15th Annual Edition ● ● Class Tested Over 250 Worked Examples ● Over 250 Exercises and Questions On ACCA, CIPFA, AIA and IFA Reading Lists Taxation Supporting resources For instructors Visit www.pearsoned.co.uk/melville to find valuable online resources • Complete, downloadable Instructor’s Manual For more information please contact your local Pearson Education sales representative or visit www.pearsoned.co.uk/melville We work with leading authors to develop the strongest educational materials in accounting, bringing cutting-edge thinking and best learning practice to a global market. Under a range of well-known imprints, including Financial Times Prentice Hall, we craft high quality print and electronic publications which help readers to understand and apply their content, whether studying or at work. To find out more about the complete range of our publishing please visit us on the World Wide Web at: www.pearsoned.co.uk Taxation Finance Act 2009 Fifteenth edition Alan Melville FCA, BSc, Cert. Ed. Pearson Education Limited Edinburgh Gate Harlow Essex CM20 2JE England and Associated Companies throughout the world Visit us on the World Wide Web at: www.pearsoned.co.uk First published 1995 Fifteenth edition published 2010 © Pearson Professional Limited 1995, 1996 © Financial Times Professional Limited 1997, 1998 © Pearson Education Limited 1999...
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...Taxation Finance Act 2009 Alan Melville S IT IN TH W EEN ON NO IFT ITI F ED ● ● 15th Annual Edition ● ● Class Tested Over 250 Worked Examples ● Over 250 Exercises and Questions On ACCA, CIPFA, AIA and IFA Reading Lists Taxation Supporting resources For instructors Visit www.pearsoned.co.uk/melville to find valuable online resources • Complete, downloadable Instructor’s Manual For more information please contact your local Pearson Education sales representative or visit www.pearsoned.co.uk/melville We work with leading authors to develop the strongest educational materials in accounting, bringing cutting-edge thinking and best learning practice to a global market. Under a range of well-known imprints, including Financial Times Prentice Hall, we craft high quality print and electronic publications which help readers to understand and apply their content, whether studying or at work. To find out more about the complete range of our publishing please visit us on the World Wide Web at: www.pearsoned.co.uk Taxation Finance Act 2009 Fifteenth edition Alan Melville FCA, BSc, Cert. Ed. Pearson Education Limited Edinburgh Gate Harlow Essex CM20 2JE England and Associated Companies throughout the world Visit us on the World Wide Web at: www.pearsoned.co.uk First published 1995 Fifteenth edition published 2010 © Pearson Professional Limited 1995, 1996 © Financial Times Professional Limited 1997, 1998 © Pearson Education Limited 1999...
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...opportunity and supervising us to carry out the Summer Project. I would also like to thank Inland Revenue Department, Lazimpat for providing me with the time and necessary materials that helped me complete this project. Similarly I would like to thank Pokhara University for providing us the opportunity to explore the outer world in due course of study. I would specifically thank the following people who have given their valuable time and advices for my project. Mr. Ram Shrestha – Store, IRD Mr. Binod Lamichane – Tax Clearance, IRD Mr. Achyut Adhikari – Taxation in Nepal Teacher, Nicolson College I would also like to thank the participants of my project, the business persons who has answer to my queries and shown some real picture of VAT system. At last I would also like to thank my friends and teachers for continual guidance and providing their valuable time in preparation of this report. Ajay Dongol BBA- IV ii Contents ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ..................................................................................................... i List of Illustrations .................................................................................................................. iv List of Table ............................................................................................................................ iv List...
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...IMPACT OF THE VALUE ADDED TAX (VAT) SCHEME ON THE REVENUE GENERATION CAPACITY IN GHANA A LONG ESSAY PRESENTED TO THE SCHOOL OF ARTS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES (SASS), REGENT UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF BACHELOR OF SCIENCE DEGREE IN ACCOUNTING AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS NII TORTO QUAO (022 0207) DECEMBER 2009 DECLARATION I hereby declare that this long essay is the original research undertaken by me, including all references from other books, handouts, internet, magazines, textbooks, etc under the supervision of the under signed lecturer. Mr. Albert Akanferi …………………………….. ……………………………….. (Supervisor) Signature Date Nii Torto Quao …………………………….. ………………………………. (Student) Signature Date i ABSTRACT A strong and efficient tax system provides the basis for enhanced economic growth and development. Ghana’s fiscal structure prior to 1983 had generally been characterised by low tax revenue. As a result Ghana undertook a number of reforms prescribed by the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank under the Economic Recovery Programme (ERP) and the Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP). Tax reforms constituted one of the essential ingredients of SAP. The tax reform process has assumed diverse dimensions over the pass two and half decades. One of those tax reforms was the Value Added Tax scheme (VATs). The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of the VATs on revenue mobilisation in Ghana...
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...vs. practical circumstance; 4) estimate the expected inflation spike based on the Consumer Price Index; and 5) discuss the wider implications of implementing GST. Despite setting essential items like basic food, public transportation, education and healthcare as exempt or zero rated items, we show that GST is a regressive tax. Using 7% as the standard GST rate, the average household is expected to pay 2.93% of monthly income as GST (RM 104 per month in July 2013 values). Households will pay higher percentage of their income as GST if they are: middle and low income groups (with those earning around RM 2,500 per month paying 3.07%), engaged as technicians, clerical and services workers, farmers and fishermen, in single person household, in young households (less than 24 years old), Bumiputera-led households and households residing in Peninsular Malaysia. We find that it is not possible to make GST a progressive tax as long as we want to raise the same amount of revenue. We experimented with: 1) a multi-tiered GST system whereby certain items attract higher GST rate than the standard rate; and 2) imposing high GST rate on fewer items, whilst exempting or zero-rating all remaining items. The high GST rate can be levied on transport excluding public transportation...
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...transaction-based tax, it is levied at every stage of the business process and will finally be borne by the end consumers. Businesses registered for GST purposes become in essence the taxcollecting agents for the Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore (IRAS). The manner in which businesses have traditionally been conducted will need to be changed. There will also be changes to both external and internal documentation to be maintained by GST-registered businesses. Like Value Added Tax (VAT), GST is a tax on domestic consumption. It is paid when money is spent on goods or services, including imports. It is not paid when money is saved and invested in productive capability. A business will therefore charge GST on the output it sells (called the “output tax”), pays a tax on materials and services it buys (called the “input tax”), and hands over to the tax authority the difference between its output tax and input tax in each accounting period. Conceptually, GST is in effect costless to a business if it deals in or purchases exempt goods and services or does not register[1,2]. In the case of the construction industry, the building contractor will collect the output GST on behalf of IRAS from the building client, while he has to pay input tax to the ready-mixed concrete supplier for every delivery of ready-mixed...
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...ATENEO CENTRAL BAR OPERATIONS 2007 Taxation Law SUMMER REVIEWER PART I – GENERAL PRINCIPLES TAXATION – power inherent in every sovereign State to impose a charge or burden upon persons, properties, or rights to raise revenues for the use and support of the government to enable it to discharge its appropriate functions SCOPE OF TAXATION TAXATION IS: Unlimited, Far-reaching, Plenary Comprehensive Supreme STAGES OF TAXATION: (LAP) 1. Levy 2. Assessment 3. Payment Basic Principles of a Sound Tax System 1. Fiscal Adequacy 2. Theoretical Justice 3. Administrative Feasibility INHERENT LIMITATIONS (SPING) 1) Situs or territoriality of taxation 2) Must be for a Public purpose • Test is whether proceeds will be used for something which is the duty of the State to provide. • Legislature is not required to adopt a policy of “all or none.” • Incidental benefit to individual does not defeat exemption 3) International comity • Property of a foreign State of government may not be taxed by another 4) Non-delegability of the taxing power • Contemplates power to QuickTime™ and a TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor determine kind,thisobject, extent, are needed to see picture. amount, coverage, and situs of tax; • Distinguish from power to assess and collect • Exemptions: (a) presidential taxing powers; (b) local governments 5) Exemptions of Government agencies • Taking money from one pocket • to the other Applies only to entities exercising government functions (acta jure imperii) CONSTITUTIONAL...
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...THE PERCEPTION OF TAXPAYERS TOWARD GOODS AND SERVICES TAX (GST) IMPLEMENTATION IN MALAYSIA CHAPTER ONE - INTRODUCTION 1.1 Backgroud of Study Malaysian taxation system is generally divided into two, which are direct taxes and indirect taxes. Indirect taxes are controlled by the Royal Malaysian Custom Department (RMCD) and it consists of four components such as excise duties, customs duty, sales tax and service tax. Direct taxes are under the control of the Inland Revenue Board of Malaysia (IRBM). The IRBM is responsible for all policies relating to direct taxes such as income tax of individual and business, petroleum income tax, real property expansions tax, and stamp duty. From the government perception, taxation is a vital economic tool because it can be employed to regulate the economy, to invigorate economic growth through the granting of fiscal incentives as a principal aim of implementing tax policies and to provide funds for development projects (JeyapalanKasipillai, 2005). The contribution of direct taxes and indirect taxes to government revenue in 2009 amounted to RM78.375 billion (49.4%) and RM28.129 billion (1 7.73%), respectively. This shows that taxation contributes more than 60% to the Malaysian government revenue. Recently, the Malaysian government established the implementation of goods and services tax (GST) to replace Sales Tax and Services Tax (SST). The GST plan was first raised in 1988 but at the time it was considered unnecessary because the sales...
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...Volume 6 INTEGRATED PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE EXAMINATION GROUP I & ACCOUNTING TECHNICIAN EXAMINATION 11 SUGGESTED ANSWERS May, 2012 The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (Set up by an Act of Parliament) New Delhi SUGGESTED ANSWERS TO QUESTIONS SET AT THE COMMON FOR INTEGRATED PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE EXAMINATION GROUP I & ACCOUNTING TECHNICIAN EXAMINATION MAY, 2012 BOARD OF STUDIES THE INSTITUTE OF CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS OF INDIA (Set up by an Act of Parliament) The suggested Answers published in this volume do not constitute the basis for evaluation of the students’ answers in the examination. The answers are prepared by the Faculty of the Board of Studies with a view to assist the students in their education. While due care is taken in preparation of the answers, if any errors or omissions are noticed, the same may be brought to the attention of the Director of Studies. The Council of the Institute is not in anyway responsible for the correctness or otherwise of the answers published herein. ©THE INSTITUTE OF CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS OF INDIA All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form, or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior permission, in writing, form the publisher. Website Committee/ Department E-mail Price ISBN No. Published by : : www.icai.org Board of Studies : : : : bos@icai...
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...The PRESIDENT Dr. H. R. Subramanya VICE PRESIDENT Pravakar Mohanty MEMBERS Dr. Sanjiban Bandyopadhyay, A. S. Durga Prasad, M. Gopalakrishnan, K. G. Goyal, D. V. Joshi, V. C. Kothari, Bibhabananda Majumder, B. M. Sharma, Rakesh Singh, Chandra Wadhwa, Dr. D. Jagannathan, N. K. Prasad, B. C. Malu, S.G.Y.Narayanan SECRETARY Dr. Debasis Bagchi DIRECTORS Examinations Chandana Bose cbicwai@vsnl.net Studies Swapan Dey sdicwai@vsnl.net Technical A. P. Kar icwai@vsnl.com Administration & Finance R. N. Pal rnicwai@vsnl.net Research & Journal Siddhartha Sen ssicwai@vsnl.net EDITOR Siddhartha Sen ssicwai@vsnl.net Editorial Office & Headquarters 12, Sudder Street, Kolkata-700 016 Phone : 2252-1031, 2252-1034, 2252-1035, 2252-1602, 2252-1492 Gram : STANDCOST, website : www.myicwai.com/www.icwai.org Membership Deptt. : kbicwai@vsnl.net Fax No. : 91-33-22527993/2252-1026 Delhi Office ICWAI Bhawan 3, Institutional Area, Lodi Road New Delhi-110003 Phone : 24631532, 24618645, 24643273, 24622156 Gram : STANDCOST, Fax : 91-11-24622156, 24631532, 24618645 E-mail : icwai@vsnl.com E-mail CEP : icwaiprgm@vsnl.net.in E-mail Journal Dept. : icwaijournal@hotmail.com « Official Organ of The Institute of Cost and Works Accountants of India Management Accountant Executive Digest Book Scan For Attention of Members For Attention of Practising Members Region & Chapter News Volume 40 No. 5 May 2005 Editorial & Communique Editorial : The miracle of free trade 341 ......................................
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...A Report on “Pre-Budget discussion And its reflection in National Budget 2015-16” SUBMITTED TO Taher Jamil Course Instructor Business Taxation Course no: F-203 Lecturer Department of Finance Faculty of Business Studies University of Dhaka SUBMITTED BY group # Date of Submission: 11th August, 2015 Group Members Name | ID No. | Bodrun Nesa Ali | 20-008 | Pronab Saha | 20-110 | Ratila Haque | 20-124 | Tamanna Jahan Toma | 20-128 | Aleya Hossain Lima | 20-219 | Letter of Transmittal August 11, 2015 Taher Jamil, Lecturer & Course Teacher, Department of Finance, Faculty of Business Studies, University of Dhaka. Dear Sir, It is a great pleasure for us to submit the report on “Pre-Budget discussion And its reflection in National Budget 2015-16” , which is prepared as a fulfillment of the requirement of the course named “Business Taxation” of BBA program under ‘Department of Finance’ of the Faculty of Business Studies, University of Dhaka. This study has given us the opportunity to learn the basics of tax and also given us the practical Knowledge through the discussion on budget. The analysis that we observed through this report will help us in our future, indeed. We would like to convey our special thanks and gratitude to you for patronizing our effort & for giving us proper guidance and valuable advice. You will be delighted to know that, we have tried our best to make this report more & more informative and factual. Sincerely Yours, Bodrun...
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...previous stages. It is basically a tax on final consumption integrates the union excise duties, custom duties, services tax and state VAT. Presently around 140 countries have adopted the GST pattern, including India. The GST would be beneficial for the consumers as it reduces the final burden of taxation. For Government it leads the reduction of tax compliance efforts and administrative costs and for business units it leads transparency, complete set-off and removal of cascading effect of taxation. It is in this background that the present paper tries to explain the significance of GST in India and its prospects for states to generate revenue and ensure transparency in tax structure. This paper is organized into seven sections. Section two presents justification for dual structure of GST in India. The third part presents the rate structure under GST work in India. The fourth segment is concerned with the working of GST in India. The fifth part shows the international experiences of GST at state level in India. The seventh and final part is related to conclusion and policy recommendations. Keywords: Goods and service tax, budgetary revenues, India JEL Classification: H2, H71 1 2 E-mail: azamkhanamu@gmail.com E-mail: shadab.nagma7@gmail.com 38 Budgetary Research Review Vol. 4 (1) www.buget-finante.ro 1. Introduction The value added tax (VAT) at central and state level has been considered to be a major step – an important...
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...1 http://www.miteshk.webs.com TAXATION CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION The word tax is derived from a Latin word “Taxare “it means to estimate or value. The term tax to a common man means money paid to the Government out of compulsion without deriving any benefit directly by himself or his family members. As per taxation tax means statuary payment to be made b the public and imposed by the Government. Definition: As per Prof. Adams: ¾ From the Stand point of the state, a tax is source of derivate revenue ¾ From the point of the citizen, A tax is a coerced payment ¾ From the Administrative point of view, it is a demand for money by state in conformity to establish rules ¾ From the point view of a Theory, a tax is a contribution from the individual for common expenditure Characteristics of Tax: 1. Tax can be imposed by the Government only 2. Taxes are paid in the form cash only 3. the aim of levying tax is to promote the welfare of the people living in the country 4. the object of tax is to raise revenue to the Government 5. tax is a legal collection 6. payment of tax involves an element of sacrifice 7. it is levied by the Government by virtue of its power confirmed under the Constitution 8. Tax is not a payment for specific service rendered by the Government to tax payer 9. Tax is imposed on income or wealth or on a commodities i.e. either directly or indirectly, but tax is actuallypaid by the individuals. Objects of...
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...PRELIMINARY NOT FOR QUOTATION Increasing Global Competition and Labor Productivity: Lessons from the US Automotive Industry MCKINSEY GLOBAL INSTITUTE Martin Neil Baily Diana Farrell Ezra Greenberg Jan-Dirk Henrich Naoko Jinjo Maya Jolles Jaana Remes November 7, 2005 Preliminary Not for quotation 1. Introduction Increasing global competition is changing the environment facing most companies today. As trade barriers fall and transaction costs decline, new global competitors are entering previously more isolated domestic markets. In response to this intensified competitive pressure, local companies are pushed to enhance performance by innovating and adopting process and product improvements. This domestic sector dynamic leads to higher productivity, which, in turn, can create sustainable competitive advantages for companies, as well as being the most important driver of job creation and per-capita income growth for the economy. This link has been established in McKinsey Global Institute’s extensive country productivity research. Our new study goes further than previous research by focusing on how increasing global competition leads to productivity growth, using the US automotive manufacturing sector as a case example. More specifically, we have focused on the production of new vehicles in the US, including parts assembly. We have chosen this example because of the globally competitive nature of the automotive market and the size of the US...
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