...org/wbp/global-water-crisis/606 http://www.theindianblogger.com/problems/water-problem-of-india/ http://www.azadindia.org/social-issues/water-problem-in-india.html 1.0 Introduction Water is important, however, water problem in India is so serious, and therefore, I decide to help Indians to solve this problem. In some parts of India, especially in the southeast of India, Indians lack access to clean drinking water, and the situation is only getting worse. In addition to this, unclear management will cause a slew of subsequent problems, such as food shortage, intrastate, and International conflicts.（IMMINENT WATER CRISIS IN INDIA, August 2007） According to the research, over 50% of villages still have no source of protected drinking water and maybe by 2020, India will become a water-stressed nation. The main reason why water problem in India is so serious is population and lack of water supply. (Water problem in India, 2001) In my opinion, building a policy for decentralizing the task of pollution control is a useful way to solve it, because the government can spend least money to control the pollution. Besides, building a water harvest center is an important way to solve lack of water supply. (Indian Bharat, 2010) If the government adapts as I mentioned before, this water problem will solved easily. 2.0 Methodology During my research, I used Bing search engine, which helps me find all sources online. First, I typed the main point: water problem in India, and typed the...
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...TRANSBOUNDARY WATER MANAGEMENT; ISSUE OF GOVERNANCE LEADING TO A STALEMATE Abstract: In an era of globalization with regional states in Asia growing up to compete against the developed nations, regional powers trying to assert its regional influence over one another is raking up the old issues of control of water. These issues of controls over water had arises from its need to fulfill the growing demand of power shortages and its ambition of supply on upstream and downstream. This paper aims to study the reasons behind the reemergence of this water dispute which had previously had been put through cooperation or arbitration for sharing. Also it will analyze the problem of managing the river transboundary in the South East Asia. INTRODUCTION...
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...River-Water Sharing on Bangladesh Tatulia, one of the small villages in Bangladesh, is a representative of what problems occur due to the unavailability and shortage of clean water to the Bengali people. Can you imagine a 60 year-old woman, Aleya, who lived most of her life in Tatulia saying good-bye to her precious home due to such problems? Aleya says, “ Over the last few years, we have faced acute problems of safe drinking water; we have to drink arsenic-contaminated water!” Due to the fact that Bangladesh’s primary resources are tied to water consumption, Bengali officials are trying to study and implement many projects to increase the availability and quality of water and to manage it efficiently. A major predicament is that Bangladesh’s changing weather and flat topography produce severe flooding in the monsoon season and excessive drought during the dry season. This in turn affects the enhancement of its agricultural sector and damages its industrial sector. An immediate question comes to mind: why isn’t Bangladesh adopting some kind of project to collect the water in the flood season and use it in the dry season? The answer to this may hinge on Bangladesh’s neighboring countries, such as India, and their effect on the presence of water resources in the country. The present work focuses on the issue of Bengali-Indian relationships with regard to water sharing. Such issues include adopting water projects and treaties that allow for water sharing...
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...COCA-COLE IN INDIA SOCIO-CULTURAL FACTORS ANALYSIS Social and cultural environment refers to a social form has been formed under the values, religious beliefs, customs, ethics, and so combined. Any business in a certain social and cultural environment, where corporate marketing activities will be subject to environmental impact and socio-cultural constraint. This knowledge forms values, creates attitudes and influence behavior (Guidelines for Socio-cultural Analysis. Jonathan Renshaw ,Marie-Madeleine, Mailleux ,Sant`ana Volker von Bremen, 2001).Most scholars of culture would agree on the following characteristics of culture.In this essay I will explain the aspects that throw Coca-cola to difficulties in india. India`s water shortage and contamination Water scarcity has always been a problem for india. India`s water resource accounts for just 4% of the global water,, but it needs to feed 17 percent of the world's population. Moreover, India's total annual water consumption is expected to increase from 634 billion cubic meters currently to 1.18 trillion cubic meters in 50 years later. 40 years later. India can supply drinking water per capita will be less than half of 2001. In recent years. India's confronting growing water demand, but supply is dwindling. With the rapid population growth and economic development, coupled with a large number of agricultural areas of water irrigation, there will be a water supply crisis in India. In India, Coca-Cola and Pepsi have been criticized...
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...TOPICS | 1 | Acknowledgement | 2 | Introduction OF Water Pollution | 3 | Types of Water Pollution | 4 | Water Pollution Effects | 5 | Ganga River pollution in India | 6 | Extent of problem in West Bengal | 7 | CONSEQUENCES IN KOLKATA AS A RESULT OF WATER POLLUTION | 8 | Water Pollution Solutions | 9 | Water Pollution Preventions | 10 | “Ganga Action Plan” (GAP) | 11 | Conclusion | Introduction Water Pollution India is a land with many beautiful rivers and countryside. In India many of the rivers are considered to be holy, but water pollution in India has caused many of the rivers to be too polluted for use. Water pollution is a very serious problem in India which is the second most populous nation in the world. It is estimated that over 70% of all of India’s surface water is polluted in some way and many of the groundwater reserves have also been contaminated as a result of biological and industrial pollutants. As more and mre water becomes polluted the water pollution in India gets more and more severe. Many rivers have been deemed to be unsafe for human consumption which leads to water scarcity. Water pollution in India also makes irrigating crops difficult. If the water supply is too polluted to drink it should not be used for watering crops. With limited sources of water and pollution increasing every day India is facing a serious water crisis. Water pollution is becoming a huge problem which is faced by all of the human existence and as well...
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...Water is an essential resource in the lives of all creatures. Because of this, many scientists believe that where water has been found, there was at one point life. In fact, it is so essential that “the average municipal use in the United States is about 150 gal (568 l) per person per day, though the rate can be higher than 350 gal (1324 l) in some locations” (Goings). When about 70% of Earth is covered in water, lacking this resource does not seem like it should pose a problem. However, less than 3% of this water is freshwater , which is the only kind of water that can be used for drinking (Goings). In other areas of the world, people are facing the perturbing issue of lacking clean freshwater. One example of a country greatly affected by...
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...local water resources in some developing countries. This essay will review and discuss the evidence for such claims using India as an example. Coca-Cola was banned from India by the Indian Government in 1977 but was allowed to return in October 1993 after agreeing to certain regulations. As India becomes increasingly Westernised, the popularity of Coca-Cola soft drinks and Kinley bottled water has soared, particularly amongst the younger generations and urban elite. Coca-Cola India, comprising of Hindustan Coca-Cola and Bharat Coca-Cola, now includes 27 company-owned bottling plants and 17 franchisee-owned bottling plants. Although there are benefit from the economic growth that Coca-Cola brings, the water shortages and pollution are having severe effects on the local people and environment. Such water issues are particularly devastating in India as the country already suffers from water pollution and severe droughts, in both urban and rural areas. Most affected are the marginalized and low-income communities, landless agricultural workers and women. Coca-Cola’s unsustainable mining leaves little water for locals, and the little water that villagers are able to access is often polluted, either directly or via contaminated vegetation and soil. The locals are often left with water that is of inferior quality in terms of taste and smell. Over 50 Indian villages are experiencing severe water shortages as well as contaminated groundwater and soil and Coca-Cola’s excessive water consumption...
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...NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL MONTEREY, CALIFORNIA THESIS THE CHINA-INDIA-PAKISTAN WATER CRISIS: PROSPECTS FOR INTERSTATE CONFLICT by James F. Brennan September 2008 Thesis Co-Advisors: Alice Lyman Miller Feroz Khan Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Form Approved OMB No. 0704-0188 Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instruction, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden, to Washington headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, Paperwork Reduction Project (0704-0188) Washington DC 20503. 1. AGENCY USE ONLY (Leave blank) 2. REPORT DATE 3. REPORT TYPE AND DATES COVERED September 2008 Master’s Thesis 4. TITLE AND SUBTITLE: The China-India-Pakistan Water Crisis: Prospects for 5. FUNDING NUMBERS Interstate Conflict 6. AUTHOR(S) James F. Brennan, Lieutenant, United States Navy 7. PERFORMING ORGANIZATION NAME(S) AND ADDRESS(ES) Naval Postgraduate School Monterey, CA 93943-5000 9. SPONSORING /MONITORING AGENCY...
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...of the country’s natural resources. Most sources of water are polluted by unmanaged sewage and agricultural overflow. Even though the country has made some progress, water contamination is still a big issue throughout the country. Although access to clean drinking water has improved, the World Bank calculated that 21% of communicable diseases in India are still related to contaminated water. According to water.org, In India, diarrhea alone causes more than 1,600 deaths daily, the same as if eight jumbo jets crashed to the ground each day. Hygiene is another problem that affects India, in the city and in rural areas. In rural areas of the country latrines are needed; only a small portion of the rural population has access to them. Still there is a lot that can be done, and measures that can be taken to help decrease the spread of disease in this beautiful and exotic country. Lack of Water Sanitation in India Introduction The combination of untreated biological, chemical and industrial waste as well as raw sewage has contaminated the majority of India’s rivers. The pollution is affecting the flora and fauna levels in the rivers. The rivers are used for food, drinking and bathing, transportation, agriculture and also for religious rituals. The scale of water pollution has disastrous effects on the health of the people who depend on the rivers and water supply. Geographic and Demographics India is located in South Asia. Nepal and Pakistan are located...
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...Varsha Kedia This paper focuses on the factors that have effected Indian environment , a summary of the main problems and initiatives by the government to curb all these issues. Varsha Kedia This paper focuses on the factors that have effected Indian environment , a summary of the main problems and initiatives by the government to curb all these issues. INDIA- An economic boom and environmental Disaster INDIA- An economic boom and environmental Disaster India, the country’s name is derived from the great ancient civilization that was situated around the river Indus, the Indus Valley Civilization. This is known to be one of the oldest known civilizations in the human history, dating back to 3rd and 2nd millennia B.C. The civilization that began in the northwestern region of India surrounding the Indus River later spread its tribes further across to east and south, covering the whole of present known peninsula of India. (UCLA, nd) India has been ruled by a lot of rulers. They came to India in search of wealth and prosperity. India had a lush and very dense amount of resources, which made it one of the most flourishing countries of that period. India at that time had very good trade relations with the Middle Eastern, Persian, European and Afghanistan etc. India traded goods like cotton, spices, gold and silk. In the recent history, India has been ruled by the Persian-Arab Mughals and later by British Imperials. (Mark, 2012) The Mughals and the British were...
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...Coca-Cola in India 1. What aspects of U.S. culture and of Indian culture may have been causes of Coke’s difficulties in India? Something that could have been a problem right from the start is communication. Countries have different ways of communication, and something could be translated completely opposite of what was meant. Communication problems could have been a cause of the problems in India. Also, the different styles of communication could have been an issue because the United States and India do not use the same styles. Another big problem is that something could be accepted in India and be completely wrong in the United States. What some people don’t understand is that every culture has their own way of doing things, and their own “rights and wrongs”. This is where businesses need to decide whether they are going to keep their rules and regulations and bring them into the foreign country (ethnocentric). Or, they need to consider the fact that every culture is different and they need their own practices (polycentric). Whichever way the business decides could bring up problems because if they do us the polycentric approach, then consumers living in the home country are going to see their practices as wrong, when indeed the company is allowing their cultural ways to occur. 2. How might Coca-Cola have responded differently when this situation first occurred, especially in terms of responding to negative perceptions among Indians of Coke and other MNCs? Coca-Cola...
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...ousted Coca Cola from their campuses Coca-Cola Company is the world's largest beverage company, according to its own words, in 2004 it used 283 billion of liters of water. That amount would allow everyone to drink for ten days, or give drinking water for 47 days a year to people who do not currently...
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...Coca-Cola in India Coca-Cola is a brand name known throughout the entire world. It covers 60 percent of the $1.6 billion soft drink market. In 2006–2007, Coca-Cola faced some difficult challenges in the region of Kerala, India. The company was accused of using water that contained pesticides in its bottling plants in Kerala. An environmental group, the Center for Science and Environment (CSE), found 57 bottles of Coke and Pepsi products from 12 Indian states that contained unsafe levels of pesticides. The Kerala minister of health, Karnataka R. Ashok, imposed a ban on the manufacture and sale of Coca-Cola products in the region. Coca-Cola then arranged to have its drinks tested in a British lab, and the report found that the amount of pesticides found in Pepsi and Coca-Cola drinks was harmless to the body. Coca-Cola then ran numerous ads to regain consumers’ confidence in its products and brand. However, these efforts did not satisfy the environmental groups or the minister of health. India’s Changing Marketplace During the 1960s and 1970s, India’s economy faced many challenges, growing only an average of 3–3.5 percent per year. Numerous obstacles hindered foreign companies from investing in India, and many restrictions on eco-nomic activity caused huge difficulties for Indian firms and a lack of interest among foreign investors. For many years the government had problems with implementing reform and overcoming bureaucratic and political divi-sions. Business...
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...Water Scenario: Past, Present and Future of Pakistan By: Muhammed Zafir Zia Per capita availability of surface water in Pakistan is gradually dwindling from 5300 cubic meter in 1951 to 1000 cubic meters in 2005 and is projected to hit less than 1000 cubic meters making Pakistan a water short country Of all the major problems, water crisis is the one that lies at the heart of our survival and that of our planet. Experts project that the global water crisis will reach unprecedented levels in the years ahead in many parts of the developing world. The years ahead predict the threat of looming water wars between countries. According to figures published by the United Nations & other international organizations, 1.1bn people are without a sufficient access to water, and 2.4bn people have to live without adequate sanitation. Under current trends, the prognosis is that about 3bn people of a population of 8.5bn will suffer from water shortage by 2025. 83% of them will live in developing countries, mostly in rural areas where even today sometimes only 20% of the populations have access to a sufficient water supply. Fresh drinking water is not only a need of human beings, but equally important for the animals and agriculture throughout the world. This acute water shortage will be responsible in spreading diseases as contaminated water is the sole cause of nearly 80% infectious diseases. Hence the world has to take serious and concrete measures in order to avoid the water...
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...“The Effects of the Indus Water Treaty on Pakistan’s Economy” Introduction & Background The Indus Water Treaty is a treaty, which was signed in the presence of the World Bank officials, between Pakistan and India, over sharing the water of the Indus basin. The treaty was developed on the 19th of September, 1960 between the President of Pakistan at the time, Ayub Khan, and the Indian Prime Minister, Jawaharlal Nehru, at Karachi. The water of the River Indus is alienated between an eastern and western river. The Eastern River belonging to India consisting of Ravi, Beas and Sutlu, while the western river flowing through the uncertain region of Jammu and Kashmir including Indus, Jehlum and Chenab. The treaty was to be known as a consequence of Pakistani fright, considering the foundation of the rivers belonging to the Indus basin were in India. The fright basically was that at times of war; India could bring droughts and famines in being at Pakistan. Nevertheless, India did not leave from the treaty all during the three Indo-Pakistani Wars which occurred later on. To be on the bright side, there have been no water wars between the two nations after the treaty in 1960 and if any disputes did rise in the meantime, they were settled through the involvement of legal events. The treaty is regarded as one of the most successful water sharing deals in the world today. Economic Effects Pakistan is a country which entirely depends upon water to maintain its economy. According...
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