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Ways to Learn

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Submitted By kristenanne2014
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Learning.
*Black Box
*Behaviorism

Definition

(a) A relatively permanent change in an organism’s behavior due to experience.
(b) Linking events that occur close together (i.e., associative learning).

Classical Conditioning: Learning associations of two stimuli, Pavlov, involuntary/automatic, S first.
Example 1:
(a) Stimulus 1 (lightening) + Stimulus 2 (thunder) ( Wincing Response
(b) Repeat the association of S1 and S2 ( Wincing Response
(c) S1 alone ( Wincing response expecting a S2

Example 2:
(a) Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS: Food) ( Unconditioned Response (UCR: salivation)
(b) Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS: Food) + Neutral Stimulus (NS: Bell) ( Unconditioned Response (UCR: salivation)
(c) Repeat the association between UCS and NS ( Unconditioned Response (UCR: salivation)
(d) NS alone ( UCR (salivation)
(e) CS (bell) ( CR (salivation)

Other examples:
(a) Food(Vomiting. Cook/Smell of the Food(Vomiting.
(b) Dentist(Pain/fear. Dental signs(pain/fear.
(c) Alcohol/drug(pleasure, craving, pain, etc. Friends who do drink/abuse drugs(Craving for them.
(d) Many feared responses (i.e., rat, snake, bugs).

Terms need to know:
(a) Generalization: Tendency to show CR to Stimuli similar to CS (i.e., whistle, chime).
(b) Discrimination: The learned ability to distinguish between CS and other irrelevant stimuli.
(c) Extinction: After several Conditioned Responses, no more CR to CS without UCS.
(d) Spontaneous Recovery: After extinction, reappearance of conditioned response.

Operant Conditioning: Learning association between a response and its consequences, Skinner, Voluntary, R first.
(a) Voluntary Response (pushing vending machine) ( Getting candy (consequence).
(b) Repeat the association between Response and its and Consequence
(c) Learned to push bending machine to get candy.

Things need to know in the Operant

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