...also assisted the British to realize military expansion. There will first be a discussion about how East India Company assisted British to realize its military expansion in India. Following that, there will be a discussion on how East India Company works as an economic tool of colonial expansion for Britain. Finally, there will be a discussion on how East India Company finally led to the backwardness of the country as well as disaster of the local people. Military expansion The British colonization in India is actually a military expansion, which not only struck some other foreign colonial powers but also led to the elimination of local rulers (Nicholas, 1992). As a result, the colonization in fact had made a preparation for the later centralization of authority. The French army was defeated in the Seven Years’ War in India. As a result, the French no longer dear to expand its power in India, which also prevented the development of its industrial revolution. Robert, on behalf of the East India Company, defeated Joseph Francois Dupleix, a representative of the French army in India, and won Fort St George from the French (Thorpe, 2010) . In 1763, The Treaty of Paris was signed which stipulated that the five establishments that were won by the British in the war were owned by France again. However, it was not allowed for the French to build...
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...What are the links between economic institutions and long term economic growth? The relation between institutions and economic performance is a subject which for many years attract the interests of economist. There is no a single explanation regarding this topic, some important authors as Solow, Cass or Koupmans (neoclssical gowth models) developed some traditional theories. Firts of all is important to clearfy that by economic gowth what we are understanding an increase in the income per capita; this neoclassical economists based their argument on the assumption that such differences in income per capita were correlated with factor accumulation. Is the novel prize Douglas North and more recently the MIT economist Daron Acemoglu the ones who evolve the idea that such differences in the earings per person were very related with instituions, and other aspect such as factor accumulation or innovation are not more than proximate causes. But, what are we understanding by institutions? We are going to accept the interpretation given by North (1990 p.3) “Institutions are the rules of the game in a society or, more formally, are the humanly devised constraints that shape human interaction. In consequence they structure incentives in human exchange, whether political, social, or economic.” . Nontheless we will consider as good economic institutions the ones that provide security of property rights and and facilitates access to economic resources to different sectors of society. Without...
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...Halmstad School of Business and Engineering Rufei He & Jianchao Liu (2010) Barriers of Cross Cultural Communication in Multinational Firms --- A Case Study of Swedish Company and its Subsidiary in China Abstract In times of rapid growth, both in terms of economic development and globalization, an increasing number of firms extend their businesses abroad. A subsequent challenge of this development is the managerial implications of cross-cultural management. This study employs a qualitative approach in a single case study of Swedish company and its subsidiary in China. After reviewing the previous studies, the authors summarize the differences of management style, staff behaviors and communication system in different culture context and find the barriers of cross cultural communication in multinational firms. The findings of this study indicate that the barriers of communication come from the national culture’s influence on the work place and behaviors of people with different identity. Moreover, culture also influences people’s way of thinking and behaving and result in different understandings toward vision and purposes of firms. Key words: cross cultural, communication, multinational firms, management style, staff behavior Prelude It is 9:00 a.m. on Monday in Sweden. The Technical product manager of company X sent an email about the new design of the product to its subsidiary company in China. He would like to have a production ready model of the new design by...
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