...Qualitative Research Critical Analysis Paper: The Lived Experience of Healthy Behaviors in People with Debilitating Illness Qualitative Research Critical Analysis Paper:The Lived Experience of Healthy Behaviors in People with Debilitating Illness The purpose of this paper is to summarize the study “The lived experience of health behaviors in people with debilitating illness” (Haynes & Watt, 2008). Within this summary it will critique and describe the qualitative methodology used in the study, the appropriateness and relevance of the design for the study purpose, the study purpose, the target population, the study participants, and the setting the study participants are in. This paper will critique and describe ethical issues mentioned in the study and ethical issues not mentioned in the study, but are of importance to the study population. It will also critique and describe the data quality methods used, the research findings, the limitations as they relate to the study purpose, the implications for nursing practice, and conclude with a brief summary. The selection of this research article was because of the interest in understanding how individuals with incapacitating illnesses can continue with living a health centred lifestyle. Thoroughly analyzing the selected research via a critical lens, as well as reflecting on professional practice, assists the healthcare professional in applying holistic, client-centered care. Method The study, “The lived experience of...
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...Max Carey Ethics Paper 2 December 2, 2011 The Argument for Consequentialism Consequentialism and Imannuel Kant’s Theory of Moral Value provide a good framework for deciding what right actions are and specifically what actions are deemed intrinsically valuable. Consequentialism is going to emphasis that actions maximizing intrinsic value of all people affected by a situation are morally right while Kant is going to stress that only the motive behind an action determines whether an action is right, regardless of the consequences. Although consequentialism attributes the rightness of an action only on a consequence, consequentialist theories are broader theories of right action because they consider both motives and consequences in making moral decision, whereas Kant’s theory does not. Consequentialist theories of right action have two components. The first component states that a consequentialist theory will always answer what is intrinsically valuable. An object or thing that has intrinsic value is something that has value for its own sake. For example, pleasure and the feeling of happiness are intrinsically valuable because they are good in and of itself. The specific thing that is deemed intrinsically valuable can change according to what consequentialist theory one accepts. For example, utilitarians find the welfare of sentient beings intrinsically valuable while a hedonist finds only pleasure intrinsically valuable. The second component of consequentialist...
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...Personal Responsibility Rough Draft Personal responsibility applies to all aspects of life whether professional, personal, or educational. When it comes to education, it is fundamental for success. I believe it is essential to have good habits when it comes to personal responsibility because it is part of the growing process. Being accountable for your own actions and accepting the outcome whether good or bad is part of it. I also feel that personal responsibility is having integrity, and making the right decisions by following morals and values. According to Dougherty, “Recognizing accountability, [you] think about what [you] are doing and act for reasons that [you] think are praiseworthy rather than for reasons [you] would be ashamed to acknowledge” (Dougherty 1996). My successful education is my praiseworthy reason. Students that have decided not to waste time and be responsible for their learning are being responsible for their future. Time management skills have been identified as one indication of higher performance and lower stress and anxiety (Forbus, Newbold, & Mehta, 2010). How I decide to use my time will show how important my goals are to me. If I procrastinate, it may lead to failure as studies have shown that procrastination is related to poor academic performance (Klingsieck, K. B. (2013). Students who procrastinated were more anxious and stressed across the entire semester and were more agitated before a test (Klingsieck, K. B. 2013). Time is...
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...together and agree to a social contract, whose aim is to protect people from harm by others as well as to guarantee all the parties can keep the agreement. Kant says we need to act out of duty of moral rule. When we treat criminals, the only reason to be regarded as praiseworthy must be nothing else than the crime itself. Then we should consider the 1st form of categorical imperatives, which says “act only on the maxim that you can will as a universal law”. Next, we must take the 2nd categorical imperatives into account. It says “always treat humanity whether in your own person or in that of another, never simply as a means, but always at the same time as an end”. On the retributivist view, legal punishment is justified as a means of making those who are responsible for a crime or harm pay for it. According to the retributivist view, payment must to be made in some way that is equivalent to the crime or harm done. There are two arguments, proportional equivalency and egalitarian equivalency. For proportional equivalency, one is required to pay back something proportional. Egalitarian equivalency which is another view of retributivist holds that what is required in return is something identical or almost identical to what was taken. 2. First particular case to be examined (Case 1) 2.1 Case description The Second Sino-Japanese War (1937-1945) was a military conflict fought primarily between China and Japan. After the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbour in...
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...spit on his religion than you have to spit on my religion! Or my lack of it!” (Lawrence Lee, 112) This is significant because even though Drummond had been the defending attorney against Brady, Drummond defends Brady. Indeed, Drummond can seem harsh at times, however there is a reason behind his actions. This is shown when Rachel worries for Cates and attempts to convince Cates to find himself guilty. Evidence of Drummond’s care for Cates is seen as he admits, “I care a great deal about Bert. I care a great deal about what Bert thinks.” (Lawrence Lee, 45) This is significant because it shows that Drummond cares for the people that he works with. Not only this, he also cares for the people he can be working against. It is commendable that Henry Drummond is able to display this much compassion to the people who wished to cast him out of their town. Therefore, Drummond demonstrates a charitable identity throughout the play, and this displays that Drummond is a praiseworthy character. In conclusion, Henry Drummond is astute, courageous and humane. These are character traits that helped reveal Henry Drummond’s admirable personality....
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...In Plato’s Euthyphro, Socrates challenges Euthyphro to establish a general definition of piety by identifying one feature that all holy actions share. Euthyphro’s best attempt to define piety is with his suggestion that what is pious is loved by all the gods. However, Socrates’ questions whether a pious action is loved by the gods because it is pious, or whether an action is pious because it is loved by the gods. Socrates indirectly suggests that pious actions are loved by the gods because they are pious. Socrates’s viewpoint is more plausible because it establishes a difference between pious and god-loved which then allows for the capability of discovering moral truths. Given this argument, I will begin by distinguishing the difference between a pious action being loved by the gods because it is pious and an action being pious because it is loved by the gods. To illustrate his point to Euthyphro, Socrates demonstrates a general principle by making a distinction between “being x” and “getting x.” Socrates states, “we speak of something carried and something carrying, of something led and something leading, of something seen and something seeing, and you understand that these things are all different…”(10a). By using the three examples that Socrates has given I can make evident the distinction between something loved by the gods because it is pious (something loved) and something being pious because it is being loved by the gods (something loving). For instance, Socrates explains...
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...In “Nicomachean Ethics,” Aristotle distinguishes the vicious man, who is unrepentant of his actions (which are contrary to the good, as it is performed by a virtuous person), from the incontinent man, who regrets his actions (which regularly miss what they know to be good). Aristotle proposes the vicious man does not know he is vicious (otherwise he would regret failing to act toward the good), but the incontinent man knows he is incontinent. This is why they possess such relationships to repentance. I argue the incontinent man regrets his weakness in not acting as he thinks he should, but the vicious man has no weakness to repent for, therefore its absence is not proof he is ignorant of how he is perceived by a culture. The vicious man...
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...be dealing with many people who have psychological disorders. I liked how the chapter went really in-depth discussing all the different kinds of disorders including anxiety, eating, mood, personality, and dissociative. As a police officer I will most likely run into personality and mood disorders the most; so those two really caught my attention. Knowing what signs and symptoms to look for when dealing with mood and personality disorders could very well help me out someday. Police officers themselves are often diagnosed with psychological disorders because of all the constant violence they endure. Understanding how they cope with this and what they might be thinking was very interesting to me. I agree with Jessica, my favorite chapter was chapter 12 too. I like how she favors chapter 12 because she could possibly put it to use one day and that’s the same exact reason it's my favorite. She also mentions that she enjoyed learning how people with psychological disorders think and what they go through, which was relatable to my reasoning. She said wants to help kids with these disorders and I think that is very praiseworthy. I too want to help people with these same disorders, but at the same time keep people with violent psychological disorders away from harming others and help seeking them the treatment they...
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...Kant's Categorical Imperative Deontology is the ethical view that some actions are morally forbidden or permitted regardless of consequences. One of the most influential deontological philosophers in history is Immanuel Kant who developed the idea of the Categorical Imperative. Kant believed that the only thing of intrinsic moral worth is a good will. Kant says in his work Morality and Rationality “The good will is not good because of what it affects or accomplishes or because of it’s adequacy to achieve some proposed end; it is good only because of it’s willing, i.e., it is good of itself”. A maxim is the generalized rule that characterizes the motives for a person’s actions. For Kant, a will that is good is one that is acting by the maxim of doing the right thing because it is right thing to do. The moral worth of an action is determined by whether or not it was acted upon out of respect for the moral law, or the Categorical Imperative. Imperatives in general imply something we ought to do however there is a distinction between categorical imperatives and hypothetical imperatives. Hypothetical imperatives are obligatory so long as we desire X. If we desire X we ought to do Y. However, categorical imperatives are not subject to conditions. The Categorical Imperative is universally binding to all rational creatures because they are rational. Kant proposes three formulations the Categorical Imperative in his Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Moral, the Universal Law formulation...
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...Aquinas replies that there are two such emotions. An emotion evil by its very nature is envy. It is part of our humanity to recognize what is good in others and to have a basic response of pity and compassion to their suffering. To take pleasure in another’s plight or be sad at their gifts or success indicates defective self-esteem. Ones moral character is flawed. Alternatively, an emotion that is good of its very nature is shame (verecundia or modesty). Citing Aristotle’s Ethics, Aquinas says that verecundia is a praiseworthy emotion. He notes elsewhere that it is a virtue in the broad sense (ST 2.2.144.1) since ‘feelings of shame’ foster a disposition to avoid what brings disgrace or opprobrium (ST 2.2.144.2). Modesty (verecundia) is a fear of what is base or dishonourable in ones behaviour (timor turpis), that ones moral excellence is somehow sullied and brings a sadness at its inevitability (Reid, 1965, 189). In the specific article here (24.4), the Blackfriars version translates timor turpis as ‘fear of unchastity’ (Vol 19, 1967, 43).7 This rendition is debatable. However, for our purposes we can consider that this specific form of shame (verecundia) is representative of its wider meanings which all tend to revolve around self-respect. We can examine Aquinas’ approach first in general and then in specific terms. 7 Firstly, for Aquinas, shame (verecundia) as an emotion is good or evil of its very nature in a relational context, namely, as being ‘in tune’ (conveniens...
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...gustibus non (est) disputandum or do standards apply? Status of value: how are values related to (scientific) facts? What ultimate worth, if any, do human values have?Axiology is sub-divided into two main parts. Ethics: the study of values in human behavior or the study of moral problems: e.g., (1) the rightness and wrongness of actions, (2) the kinds of things which are good or desirable, and (3) blameworthy and praiseworthy actions. Aesthetics: the study of value in the arts or the inquiry into feelings, judgments, or standards of beauty and related concepts. b.Epistemology: the study of knowledge. In particular, epistemology is the study of the nature, scope, and limits of human knowledge. Epistemology investigates the origin, structure, methods, and integrity of knowledge.Consider the truth of the statement, "The earth is round." This statement can be successively translated as …"The earth is spherical" C.Ontology or Metaphysics: the study of what is really real. Metaphysics deals with the so-called first principles of the natural order and "the ultimate generalizations available to the human intellect." NATURE is a concept with two major sets of inter-related meanings, referring on the one hand to the things which are natural, or subject to the normal working of "laws of nature", or on the other hand to the essential properties and causes of those things to be what they naturally are, or in other words the laws of nature themselves....
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...Bibliography I. Race and Gender A. Ibn Battuta’s Mali (1352) B. Michel Montaigne’s Of Cannibals (1575) C. Sor Juana Inez de la Cruz’s The Poet’s Answer to the Most Illustrious Sor Filotea De La Cruz (1691) D. Lady Mary Montague’s The Turkish Embassy Letters E. Mary Wollstonecraft’s Chapter 13 from A Vindication of the Rights of Woman II. Explanation A. The readings listed above are all pertinent to either race or gender. What sets these apart, though, is the overall tone of the authors. All of these readings are observations. Judgment is passed at times, but that is primarily due to the differences between the author’s own life and the way of life that he or she is describing. Race and gender is the first category of readings because it cannot be changed or altered, it simply is what it is. Ibn Battuta’s Mali best encompasses this category because of the genuine interest he had in his observations. He describes things about the people of Mali that are praiseworthy as well as things that he dislikes about their way of life, giving the entire work brilliant objectivity. Something that he praises about the culture is “the small number of acts of injustice that take place there [in Mali], for of all people, the Negroes abhor it [injustice] the most.” He also appreciates the religious customs of the culture and identifies with the importance of religion, but admires the dedication the people of Mali have to their God. Something that Battuta...
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...Roman Empire enjoyed peace during the Pax Romana, a historian named Tacitus wrote a description of their German neighbors. Because the Germans at this time had no known written language, his writing -- known as Germania -- tells us much of what we currently know about the Germans. Not only does it describe much of their culture and religion, but the perspective it takes gives interesting insights into Roman culture and their attitudes toward the Germans. While the Romans enjoyed looking down upon the Germans, considering them barbarians, many aspects of their cultures had interesting comparisons, including family units, gender roles, military, education, religion, slavery and government. Family units in the Roman empire were marked by a strong patriarchy. They were typically a fairly tight family unit, with the father as the ruler of the household wielding total control over his wife and children. Girls were often married off young and had little say in their choice of husband. Divorce was generally reserved for men; however, sexual impotence was legal grounds for a wife to divorce her husband. Germany also had a strict marriage code. Tacitus throws a compliment their way when he states that “no part of their manners is more praiseworthy” (Tacitus). However, immediately following this he refers to them as “barbarians,” -- clearly he did not want it believed that he actually admired them. However, these “barbarians” were nearly all monogamous and had a marriage ritual similar...
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...Max Carey Ethics Paper 2 December 2, 2011 The Argument for Consequentialism Consequentialism and Imannuel Kant’s Theory of Moral Value provide a good framework for deciding what right actions are and specifically what actions are deemed intrinsically valuable. Consequentialism is going to emphasize that actions maximizing intrinsic value for all people affected by a situation are morally right while Kant is going to stress that only the motive behind an action determines whether an action is right, regardless of the consequences. Although consequentialism attributes the rightness of an action only on a consequence, consequentialist theories are more comprehensive theories of right action because they consider both motives and consequences in making moral decision, whereas Kant’s theory does not. Consequentialist theories of right action have two components. The first component states that a consequentialist theory will always answer what is intrinsically valuable. An object or thing that has intrinsic value is something that has value for its own sake. For example, pleasure and the feeling of happiness are intrinsically valuable because they are good in and of itself. The specific thing that is deemed intrinsically valuable can change according to what consequentialist theory one accepts. For example, utilitarians find the welfare of sentient beings intrinsically valuable while a hedonistic utilitarian finds only pleasure intrinsically valuable. The second...
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...BADONG, MARK JULIUS M. B-112 * GENESIS 3:1-24 “THE FALL” * GENESIS 4:1-16 “CAIN AND ABEL” * GENESIS 6-7 “INCREASING CORRUPTION ON EARTH” * GENESIS 11 “THE TOWER OF BABEL” Give the definition of Sin. In Abrahamic contexts, sin is the act of violating God's will. Sin can also be viewed as anything that violates the ideal relationship between an individual and God; or as any diversion from the ideal order for human living. To sin has been defined as "to miss the mark". What are the 7 Capital Sins? Pride – Pride is an unrestrained and improper appreciation of our own worth. This is listed first because it is widely considered the most serious of the seven sins; pride often leads to the committing of other capital sins. Pride is manifest in vanity and narcissism about one’s appearance, intelligence, status, etc. Dante described pride as “love of self perverted to hatred and contempt for one's neighbor.” Greed – Greed, which is also known as avarice or covetousness, is the immoderate desire for earthly goods, as well as situations such as power. It is a sin of excess. The object a person is greedy about need not be evil, but the issue lies in the way one regards the object, placing inappropriate value on it. Greed can further inspire such sinful actions as hoarding of materials or objects, theft and robbery, trickery, and manipulation. Gluttony – Gluttony, which comes from the Latin gluttirei – to gulp down or swallow, refers...
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