...1. A supply schedule shows |a. |the "market potential" for a product. |d. |how much consumers would like to buy at different prices. | |b. |how much producers are willing and able to sell at different prices. |e. |All of the above are correct. | |c. |possible combinations of output under different conditions. | 2. If price rises, what happens to quantity supplied for a product? |a. |It increases. |c. |It does not change. | |b. |It decreases. |d. |Quantity supplied is constant, but supply increases. | 3. Along a supply curve, |a. |supply changes as price changes. |c. |supply changes as technology changes. | |b. |quantity supplied changes as price changes. |d. |quantity supplied changes as technology changes. | 4. If new manufacturers enter the gadget industry, then which of the following will most likely happen with gadgets? |a. |the supply will increase |c. |the quantity supplied will increase | |b. |the supply will decrease |d. |the quantity supplied will decrease | 5. An increase in the price of metal raw materials will result in which of the following in the supply of new cars? |a. |Quantity supplied will increase |d. |Supply will decrease ...
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...At one time, bison were widespread from Alaska to northern Mexico. Now bison have been exterminated in the wild except in Yellowstone Park in Wyoming and Wood Buffalo Park, Northwest territory, Canada. The bison are gone in the prairie of the United States along with many of the ecosystem's species. Deep scars mar the landscape where the soil has been swept way by water runoff. The life of the rancher and farmer is vanishing. The body of the bison is huge. They are also tall animals and have two distinctive features, one being the shoulder hump and the other being their huge head. They are brown, their color varying slightly from the front and back of the animal. Their horns are black and curve upward and inward ending in a sharp tip. Their legs are short but firm. Bison are year round grazers. They feed primarily on grasses, but when food is scarce, the will eat other vegetation such as sagebrush. They require water every day. Females are sexually mature in two to three years . The breeding season begins in late June and lasts through September. Gestation is around 285 days, so the calving season in from mid-April through May. Bison are arranged in groups according to sex, age, season and habitat. Grazing takes place during several periods each day conducted in groups. When bison travel, they form a line. Their traveling pattern is determined by the terrain and habitat condition. Bison! are good swimmers and runners. Bison can hear very well. They communicate vocally through...
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...(519) 661-3208; fax (519) 661-3882; e-mail cases@ivey.uwo.ca. Copyright © 2010, Richard Ivey School of Business Foundation Version: (A) 2010-05-03 In March 2009, Donna and Jim Green looked with dismay at the financial statement summarizing the performance of Old Mule Farms for the year 2008. Old Mule’s cow-calf operation had experienced another year of losses. Especially frustrating was that the losses occurred despite the Greens’ multiple efforts to improve the farm’s efficiency. While these efforts improved performance compared to 2007, they were not sufficient to overcome the decline in calf prices, so the operation continued to lose money (see Exhibit 1). If the situation did not improve, the Greens faced the threat of losing the farm that had been owned by the family for three generations. COW-CALF OPERATIONS The cow-calf segment is the foundation of the beef cattle industry. A ranch maintains a herd of cows, each of them expected to wean a calf once a year. Like a human, the gestation period of a cow is...
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...(519) 661-3208; fax (519) 661-3882; e-mail cases@ivey.uwo.ca. Copyright © 2010, Richard Ivey School of Business Foundation Version: (A) 2010-05-03 In March 2009, Donna and Jim Green looked with dismay at the financial statement summarizing the performance of Old Mule Farms for the year 2008. Old Mule’s cow-calf operation had experienced another year of losses. Especially frustrating was that the losses occurred despite the Greens’ multiple efforts to improve the farm’s efficiency. While these efforts improved performance compared to 2007, they were not sufficient to overcome the decline in calf prices, so the operation continued to lose money (see Exhibit 1). If the situation did not improve, the Greens faced the threat of losing the farm that had been owned by the family for three generations. COW-CALF OPERATIONS The cow-calf segment is the foundation of the beef cattle industry. A ranch maintains a herd of cows, each of them expected to wean a calf once a year. Like a human, the gestation period of a cow is...
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...days for today’s chicken to arrive to market. Could not find this in the film (even rewound) so ill guess.. A. 24 B. 48 C. 70 D. 120 6. After the decline of , many farmers in the South turned to raising chickens. A. tobacco B. corn C. soy D. beef 7. Today’s chickens have difficulty walking/standing because of they have been bred to be heavier. A. True B. False 8. Corporations control farmers because of the the farmers have. A. debt B. ethics C. loyalty D. All of the above 9. A typical chicken grower earns annually. A. $18,000 B. $35,000 C. $65,000 D. $100,000 10. Eric Schlosser, the film narrator and author, purpose in creating Food, Inc. was to determine: A. the politics of food. B. the state of the corn farmers. C. the source of his food. D. how food is marketed. 11. Who is responsible for increasing the efficiency of corn growing? A. Breeders B. Pesticides C. Fertilizers D. All of the above 12. A farm bill codifies the rules of the entire food economy. A. True B. False 13. The average American consumes over 200 lbs of meat, per person annually. A. True B. False 14. Cow’s are preferably fed corn over grain or grass because corn: A. is cheap. B. makes the cows fat. C. Both of the above 15. Which feed decreases the likelihood of intestinal E. coli 0157:H7 in cattle? A. corn B. grain C. grass D. wheat 16. The number f Food & Drug Administration (FDA) safety inspections has since the...
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...2013 Factors That Affect Reproductive Efficiency in Cattle The cattle industry is a very important industry in the United States. It is what feeds America and all the other countries in the world. The U.S brings in most of its revenue from agriculture. Without the cattle industry everybody in the world would literally starve. Without the cattle industry we would not be able to obtain beef or milk; two important and common sources of foods that we consume. There are two different breeds of cattle that producers profit from: beef cattle which are raised for meat and veal, and dairy cattle which are raised for milk and other dairy products. Reproduction is an important consideration in the economics of cattle reproduction. A healthy calf each year is normally the usual goal. This is possible by increasing the reproductive efficiency of the cattle. Reproductive efficiency is one main factor that determines if a producer will be profitable or not. Efficiency is important to the profitability of an individual cattle operation and to the competitiveness of the industry as a whole. Reproductive efficiency is a complex phenomenon controlled by both genetic and non-genetic factors. I will be discussing the non-genetic factors that the cattle industry’s reproductive efficiency has declined due to such as feed and nutrition, climate, lactation, and breed of cattle. Feed and Nutrition Just like any other species what you feed cattle affects the way they work and perform. Nutrition is an...
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...Risks & Flaws within the system Abstract The BSE or the mad cow epidemic was a major crisis in British history. The BSE disease was first identified in cattle in 1986. Though the cause of the disease is not known till now, but how the disease spread was known at initial stage. Contamination of BSE into cattle happens due to consumption of BSE contaminated MBM. There was a scientific assumption that BSE might not be transmitted to human, but there was a risk of contamination to human also. But policy-makers’ perception of risk was wrong and they were consistently assuring people that beef is safe to eat, and BSE is not transmissible to human. There existed a great divergence about the perception of risks between the scientists, policy-makers and the public. Message of risk was not communicated to public in fear of irrational over reaction or risks to the industry. Scientific risk assessment was understated and misinterpreted by the policy-makers’ risks assessment on economic views, and the public was kept unaware about the risks. The flaws and shortcomings that existed in the then system aggravated the crisis. It had become necessary to separate scientific risks assessment from the political risk assessments. The outbreak of the epidemic in 1996 after 10 years of denial brought disaster to the British beef industry and created sense of betrayal and mistrust among the public. To re-establish the confidence a wide range of reforms regarding the structural and procedures in...
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...CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION 1.1 THE DAIRY INDUSTRY India is the world’s largest producer of dairy products by volume and it also has the world’s largest dairy herd with 194mn cows and 155mn buffaloes. The country accounts for more than 13% of world’s total milk production and is also the world’s largest consumer of dairy products, consuming almost all of its own milk production. Milk production in India has developed significantly in the past few decades from a low volume of 17 million tons in 1951 to 127.3 million tonnes in 2012. Currently, the Indian dairy market is growing at an annual rate of 7%. Dairying has helped in alleviating poverty and providing employment opportunities to many people in the rural areas. From being milk deficient country in the 1950’s it has now been able to increase the milk production in spite of the population growth. The main objective of the Indian Dairy Industry is to manage the national resources in a manner to enhance milk production and upgrade milk processing using innovative technologies. Many dairy co-operatives have come up nowadays which have helped India in boosting up the dairy production in India. India has also been facing a lot of trade problems in dairy industry, because of the unorganised nature of this sector. However with the initiatives of milk cooperatives coming up this problem is now being intervened. This industry has a lot of potential for export of dairy products because it is located near the milk deficient...
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...Kimberley Brown Joe Gogel / WW Research Paper September 22, 2011 Dean Foods vs. Dutch Lady Milk Industries The dairy industry will be our point of interest as we look at two very different companies in two different countries. Dean Foods is located within the United States, and Dutch Lady is located in Malaysia. This analysis will look at both sets of financial statements for 2009 and see how they compare. There will be many different variables that will play into how these financial statements measure up to each other. Dean Foods production began in 1976 and is part of a larger organization called Fresh Dairy Direct-Morningstar. We will only be looking at the financial statements for Dean Foods out of this organization. Dutch Lady's incorporation began in 1963 and is also a part of a larger organization called Royal Friesland Campina. With this organization we will only be looking at the financial statements for Dutch Lady. By taking two dairy organizations that are small parts of larger corporations, it might seem to make the companies appear to be more of an "apples to apples" comparison. The two companies that we are looking at in 2009 are both publicly traded on the stock market. Dean Foods can be found on the New York Stock Exchange, while Dutch Lady would be found on Bursa Malaysia, the local stock exchange in Malaysia. (www.dutchlady.com.my) As we look at the stock market data from 2009, we learn some interesting facts about both of these companies...
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...of foreign currency earnings. It provides raw materials for Kenya’s agro-industries which accounts for about 70% of all its industrial production. The dairy industry has been in existence for decades and Kenya being the second largest dairy sector in sub-Sahara Africa. The industry has evolved through three markets periods. First for the period up to 1969, it operated as an open market with various independent dairies being active market players. Secondly between 1969 and 1992 and primarily due to rationalization of the dairy industry by the Government a monopolistic market situation was created. The government gave the policy guidelines, set prices, determined the players in the industry and set the market rules. The Kenya Cooperative Creameries (KCC) was the only player in the marketing of milk and dairy products. Thirdly from 1992 onwards the government liberalized the industry. Currently the industry is regulated by the Kenya Dairy Board which was established under section 4 of the Dairy Industry Act Cap.336 of the laws of Kenya. The board is managed by a Board of Directors with a chairman appointed by the ministry of cooperative. Nominees of the board are appointed from selection from District Agricultural Committees (DACs), Provincial Agricultural Boards (PABs) and the Central Agricultural Board (CAB).The managing Director is responsible for the day to day running of the board. The industry...
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...mountains are covered with snow these Gujjars move down to the low hills of the Sivalik range. On the onset of summer, when the snow melts and the mountains become lush and green, these pastoralists move back to the mountains. The Gaddi Shepherds of Himachal Pradesh have a similar cycle of movement. They also spend the winter on the low Sivalik hills and the summers in Lahul and Spiti. The Gujjar cattle herders of Kumaon and Garhwal spend their summers in the ‘bugyals’ and their winters in the ‘bhabar’. The Bhotias, Sherpas and Kinnauri follow the cyclic movement which helps them to adjust to seasonal changes and make best use of pastures. On the plateaus, plains and deserts — The Dhangars of Maharashtra : The Dhangars stay in the central plateau of Maharashtra during the monsoon. This is a semi-arid region. By October they begin their movement towards Konkan. Here their cattle help to manure the fields and hence they are welcomed by the Konkani peasant. As soon as the monsoon sets in, they retreat back to the semi-arid land of Maharashtra. The Gollas who herd cattle and the Kurumas and Kurubas who reared sheep and goat are from Karnataka and Andhra. They live near the woods and in the dry periods they move to the coastal tracts. The Banjaras of Uttar Pradesh, Punjab, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra move to different places in search of good pastures. The Raikas of Rajasthan combine cultivation with pastoralism. When their grazing grounds become dry...
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...Factory Farming Abstract Factory farming is the mass production of pigs, chickens, turkeys, and cows to be slaughtered and made into food. Many activists and organizations have attempted to reduce the problem of factory farming, but it is still a long way from being fixed. Factory farms are used to produce everyday products like bacon, pork, steak, chicken nuggets, milk, cheese, etc. The cost of buying a burger at a local McDonalds is around one to three dollars. If companies were forced by legislation and government officials to practice proper farming techniques, the price of your beloved McDonald’s hamburger will be sure to rise. This could cause a brief stage of net losses for food manufacturing companies. I think it is mandatory to incur these extra expenses for the sake of humanity and animal rights. A small loss in profits is far less important than the pain and suffering these animals have to deal with on a daily basis. In this research paper I will discuss the ethical dilemmas and the conditions of the factory farms, as well as solutions to the problem of animals not having the proper rights. Main Points Animals come in all different shapes and sizes. Society debates how to classify some animals. Scientist view animals as operating equipment. Businessmen see them as commodities. Religious advocates classify them as God’s gift to us. And the majority of Americans see them as food. In America we cannot keep our minds off of cheap tasty...
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...commentary from our Agribusiness experts around the Globe. October 2014 Contents Regional views Did you know? Publications Calendar of events Prices Global Agribusiness contacts 2 8 11 13 14 21 Regional views Overview With teams around the Globe, this document sets out to give a flavour of what our local agribusiness experts are observing in their territories. This month we are reminded of the ever present impact of volatility on Global agriculture. We have seen significant falls in dairy commodities, grains and oils in 2014 with coffee soaring in the opposite direction on the back of a drought in Brazil. The moves have happened quickly (e.g dairy down over 50% in New Zealand since February 2014 and coffee spot prices up over 30% since August 2014) and this can be difficult for farm families or small holders to deal with. For example in the UK, dairy farmers have taken to public protests and blockades. At PwC we are bullish on the long term prospects for agriculture given Global population and wealth trends however we also recognise that this future optimism can be meaningless to a farmer when short term production costs exceed selling price. Agriculture is a volatile industry and participants have to put in place their own strategies to deal with this which are right for them, be it selling forward or hedging for budget certainty, insuring where possible against crop loss, keeping a buffer of cash or liquid assets which can be quickly released to sustain a business when...
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...delivery of ingredients made from peanuts (mainly) and other nuts (secondarily). In this sense, the company has two strategic focuses: • First, as a manufacturer of ingredients for the food industry, which includes the processing (selection, roasting, granulation, finishing, and preparation) of nuts purchased directly from producers. The outputs (roasted peanuts in parts, peanut fudge, crispy peanuts, and flour, among others) are provided as inputs for food manufacturers. This activity is responsible for 65 percent of their total US$2 million annual revenue. • Second, as a service provider: This includes the preparation of food items for large companies in the sector, such as fruit fillings, coated nuts, marshmallow syrup, dry mixes, and other components, using inputs provided by various food manufacturers. Such activity requires the purchase of packaging, labels, and other supplementary materials from third parties, as well as the management of the suppliers’ quality and the logistics flow. Peanutty’s Supply Chain Peanutty’s supply chain presents several challenges, both upstream and downstream. These are related to the concentration and size of Peanutty’s trading partners. The following figure represents Peanutty’s supply chain: Farmers Cooperatives / associations PEANUTTY Food Industry Manufacturers Distributors/ Wholesalers Retailers Unprocessed foods Figure 1. PEANUTTY’s Supply Chain The first...
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...MAJOR PRACTICE IN DAIRY PRODUCTION AND MILK PROCESSING By CHRISTIAN ANDREW J. PERALTA INTRODUCTION Importance of the Major Practice The Philippine local dairy industry is considered as a "repacking and reprocessing" industry because of the limited supply of dairy products due to the less developed dairy industries in the Philippines. It is greatly dependent on imported milk as raw materials, leading to continuous importation from Australia, USA and New Zealand. Philippine’s dairy milk production remains at less than one percent of total dairy requirements despite the continuing government and industry efforts to support and aid the increase of dairy production. Dairy farming goes back for thousands of years and has great difference in management process compare to today’s dairy farming. It was originally done on a mixed farm unlike in modern dairy production in which has specific dairy farm. ________________________ Undergraduate Major Practice Outline in Dairy Production to be presented as partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Science in Agriculture, major in Animal Science from Central Luzon State University, Science City of Muñoz, Nueva Ecija to be conducted in the Philippine Carabao Center, CLSU Dairy Farm under the supervision of Edgar A. Orden Dairy farming started around villages where most people don’t own cows due to the lack of fields for them to graze. Farmers take the opportunity to make extra money on...
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