What is a sensory adaptation? Illustrate by giving one example

Sensory neurons stop generating action potential despite continued stimulation. An example is if one walks into a house with a strong odor, the scent seems to lessen with time due to sensory adaptation.

Differentiate between somatic and visceral sensation. Visceral sensation and somatic sensations arise from which part of the body? (Page 568).

Somatic sensation signals from receptors located in the skin, joints, and muscles (outside) and Visceral sensation signals from sensory neurons in the walls of soft internal organs. (inside)

What is referred pain? How does it occur? Give one example

Referred pain is when the pain misinterprets visceral pain coming as coming from somatic sources such as the skin or joints. An example is when pain is radiates from the chest across the shoulder and down the left arm during a heart attack.

Summarize how we perceive a given smell (Fig 33.8, page 570).
The inhaled odorant molecules bind to receptor proteins on chemoreceptive sensory neurons in the nasal cavity.
This initiates an action potential that travels along the neurons axon to the olfactory bulb in the brain
In the olfactory bulb, axons of sensory neurons synapse on interneurons.
Interneurons in the olfactory lobe relay signals from sensory neurons to other regions of the brain

List the five perceptions of taste. What type of stimuli elicits each of these perceptions of taste?
Is it possible to map a specific taste to a specific region of the tongue? Why? (Page 571).

The five perceptions of taste are sweet elicited by glucose; salty, elicited by sodium; sour elicited acids; bitter, elicited by plant toxins; and umani, elicited by amino acids. It is not possible to map a specific taste across the tongue.
This is because each taste receptor cell is most sensitive to one of the five