...Abstract This essay discusses the mind-body question and the difficulty to explain how these two entities relate to philosophical and scientific inquiry. This discussion includes the difficulty scientists find with dealing with the mind-body question when discussing the conception of reality. The discussion will include Searle’s perception of the mind-body question and conclude with a personal perspective of the mind-body question and what it means to her. The conclusion of the essay after research is that this question is difficult to answer because of different views and perspectives. Mind-Body Questions Paper The mind-body question has been a source of examination for many years. This examination began in the seventeenth-century with the French philosopher Descartes. Many credit Descartes with beginning the mind-body problem. The mind-body question in essence deals with how the physical world interacts and relates to the mental aspects of the mind. Descartes considered that the mind existed only in the mental state with the body existing only in the physical state. He felt that the mind could not exist with the body (Schimmel, 2001). Many others have formed various opinions, including John Searle, which emphasizes consciousness when discussing the mind. This essay is a discussion of the difficulty poised by the mind-body question on philosophical and scientific inquiry. The essay will also include the perspective of Searle concerning the mind-body question and reality. It will...
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...have the ability to expand the realm of conventional medicine (medicine as practiced by holders of M.D. [medical doctor] or D.O. [doctor of osteopathy] degrees and by their allied health professionals, such as physical therapists, psychologists, and registered nurses) to a holistic healthcare system by integrating CAM modalities such as acupressure, guided imagery, humor, massage, meditation, therapeutic touch/healing touch, prayer and arts in general into their profession. This paper explores a CAM and holistic treatment/healing modality, Mantra Therapy, that conforms to three types of CAM as defined by the United States government agency NCCAM (The National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine), namely Mind-Body Medicine, Energy Medicine and Whole Medical Systems. For Mantra Therapy to be proven safe and effective and become adopted into the conventional health care system key questions need to be answered, such as whether this therapy is safe and whether it works for the diseases or medical conditions...
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...a mental and physical exercise which has ever since spread to many parts of the world. What Yoga is The word ‘yoga’ essentially means to yoke or join together’ and thus the exercise is meant to harmonize the functions of the mind and body and result to an individual’s general well being and wellness (Monro, 1997, 215-21). The yoga system is built and supported by meditation, simple postural exercises, relaxation and breathing practices. Yoga exercises are designed and developed to appropriately put pressure or strain on the body’s glandular systems consequently increasing their efficiency and an individual’s total health. The body on the other hand is perceived as the primary instrument that allows people to evolve and work and therefore the yoga student is required to treat it with immense respect and care. The breathing techniques are supported by the assertion that breath is unarguably the source and basis of life for the human body. Therefore breathing practices and control is imperative to improve and enhance the mind and body functioning. Generally breathing and exercises that are inbuilt in yoga are meant to prepare the mind and body for meditation. As a result the student learns how to attain ‘a quiet mind, inner peace and silence’ which paves way for healing and recovery from the consequences of every day life stresses (Monro, 1997,...
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...Mbogo .W.A. (Moi) The course number: The date of submission: The instructor’s name: WHAT IS MIND? The mind is a complex element in a living organism that assists to understand the world around them, be able to interpret experiences and internalize ideas pertaining reality in general. Dualism and physicalism are two philosophical entities that attempt to explain reality with regards to the mind and body relationship. Physicalism dimension is normally taken to be synonymous with materialism. The two entities perceive the relationship between the mind and body from different perspectives which brings about their differences. Dualism for instance, which is derived from the concept “duo” , meaning two, holds the view of the mind/body relationship from a duality perspective. It sees the two entities as being different from each other. Dualists believe that the mind and the body cannot be reduced to be the same thing because doing so will ultimately lead to the deviation of the true meaning of reality. Their focus is aimed at critical analysis of the perspectives that normally bring the differences between the mind and the body. The body is a physical reality. The brain which is part of the body is not equivalent to the mind. Physical manipulation of the brain can be achieved to attain its well-being. For example, surgery can be done to the brain if it is malfunctioning to enhance its efficiency. On the contrary, complex processes which are not physical in nature...
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...How to Read a Book, v4.0 Paul N. Edwards School of Information University of Michigan www.si.umich.edu/~pne/ This article may be freely distributed for any non-‐commercial purpose, provided that nothing is added or removed, including this copyright notice. Commercial use of this material is expressly prohibited . Quasi-‐permanent URL: pne.people.si.umich.edu/PDF/howtoread.pdf COPYRIGHT 2000-‐2008 PAUL N. EDWARDS. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. How can you learn the most from a book — or any other piece of writing — when you're reading for information, rather than for pleasure? It’s satisfying to start at the beginning and read straight through to the end. Some books, such as novels, have to be read this way, since a basic principle of fiction is to hold the reader in suspense. Your whole purpose in reading fiction is to follow the writer’s lead, allowing him or her to ...
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...Psychology Paper Historical Roots of Psychology Psychology as defined in the Merriam Webster dictionary is the science of mind and behavior. It has been around for 130 years in the realms of science. In the history of psychology, there are different people who studied different aspects under this topic. One of those people were Plato who was Aristotle’s teacher. He stated that the soul could exist even when away or separated from the body. This concept is known as “dualism”. “In dualism, ‘mind’ is contrasted with ‘body’” (http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/win2012/entries/dualism). Another person is René Descartes. He agreed with Plato about the concept of dualism and he believed that the “pineal gland” which is the small organ at the base of the brain involved in sleep was the “seat of the soul” (Saundra K. Ciccarelli, 2012). “The pineal gland played an important role in Descartes' account because it was involved in sensation, imagination, memory, and the causation of bodily movements” (http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2011/entries/pineal-gland/). By this information we can connect the pineal gland being the seat of the soul by it being involved in sensation, imagination, memory, and the cause of bodily movements. It is said to be the seat of the soul because it is where the soul from being “individual”, becomes one with the body. Gustav Fechneris who was a physician and a physicist, often credited with performing some of the first scientific experiments that...
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... University Affiliation Health would be described in various ways in the current world. Different sections of the society may define health in different aspects; some are of the thought that healthy living is basically the absence of illness or ailment. This group of people therefore has come up with a set way of practice which is referred to as Biomedical model of health. This Model focuses solely on the disease/illness and the individual body functions and the biological processes involved. On the other hand, there is a different section of society that believes that healthy living comprises not only the body but the mind and the environment an individual is exposed to. This is defined as the Biopsychosocial Model of Health. Biomedical Model of Health works with the several assumptions put forward, among this is the argument that the body and the mind are separate entity when it comes to health matters. The hypothesis here is that illness basically is a deviation of the normal biological functions of the body and all other factors play very little role in an individual’s overall health. In this regard, this model assumes health and illness to be looked at separately. In essence this model exudes the notion that both psychological and social factors do not play any role in the effect of one’s health (Santrock, 2007) This type of model has its applications with considerable merits and demerits as well. It is mainly useful and applicable when it comes to research...
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...would try. I then began trying different home workouts such as insanity, but at home there are so many excuses not to workout so this experiment didn’t last long. By this time it was the middle of winter and I had began to notice some odd things with my health and overall mental well-being. I gained about ten pounds, I felt tired all the time, my body ached, and my mood was dull. One day I had been talking with one of my friends about my recent observations of my health and told him that I thought the reason for my decline in health was that I wasn’t getting any physical exercise. His response was, “try yoga.” He didn’t say anything else to me and I started to fire off excuses why I didn’t want to. His wife is a yoga instructor in my home town and when I came back for spring break he gave me a weeks worth of free passes to try it out. After that week I felt as if my whole perspective was changed about Yoga. I then enrolled in the class here at Eastern and my health and well-being have greatly improved. This short story is what sparked my interest in yoga and its benefits to health. Human beings are made up of three components—body, mind and soul corresponding these there are three needs—health, knowledge and inner peace. Health is physical need, knowledge is our psychological needs and inner peace is spiritual...
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...Wellness Spas are everywhere. We are offering a spa that will reconnect your mind, body and soul. It will be a place of refuge and a safe haven to revive your energies, redirect your thoughts and actions in the aim of being whole again. We will offer you exotic services to help you attain this measure of revitalization and peace. Please take a few moments to answer a few questions below. 1) Do you take a few minutes each day to quiet your mind and breathe deeply? a. Yes b. No 2) Are you familiar with: Very Familiar Somewhat Familiar No c. Aromatherapy and its benefits d. Hot stone massage e. Oriental Foot Massage f. Acupuncture g. Thai Yoga Massage h. Yoga exercise i. Spa Parties j. How to change your nutrition habits 3) Which of these services are you most likely to choose? k. Aromatherapy - mixture of natural oils inhaled or rubbed into the body to bring about psychological or physical wellbeing. l. Hot stone massage – heated stones are placed at strategic points on your back and the stones warm and relax the muscles. It is believed to improve circulation and calm the nervous system. m. Oriental Foot Massage – a form of reflexology bringing healing through pressure points on sole and to of feet. n. Acupuncture – ancient Chinese healing through insertion of needle in certain points of the body. o. Thai Yoga Massage – being stretched by the massage therapist to...
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...the Purgatorio by Donald J. Hambrick Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Phüosophy Dalhousie University Halifax, Nova Scotia August, 1997 Q copyright by Donald J. Harnbrick, 1997 N l*lofational Library Canada Bibliothèque.nationale du Canada Acquisitions and Bibliogaphic Services Acquisitions et seMces bibliographiques 395 Wdingtoci Street OttawaON K 1 A W 395, rua Wellington Ottawa ON K I A O N 4 canada Canada The author has granted a nonexclusive licence allowing the National Library of Canada to reproduce, loan, distribute or sell copies of this thesis in microfonn, paper or electronic formats. L'auteur a accorde une licence non exclusive permettant à la Bibliothèque nationale du Canada de reproduire, prêter' distribuer ou vendre des copies de cette thèse sous la forme de microfiche/nlm, de reproduction sur papier ou sur format électronique. The author retains ownership of the L'auteur conserve la proprieté du droit d'auteur q ui protège cette thèse. Ni la thèse ni des extraits substantiels de celle-ci ne doivent être imprimés ou autrement reproduits sans son autorisation. copyright i this thesis. Neither the n thesis nor substantid extracts fkom it may be printed or otherwise reproduced without the author's permission. To Those Who Teach. .. TABLE OF CONTEWS INTRODUCTION. 1. PART ONE: Chapter One: 2. PARTTVVO: Chapter Two: ...
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...Intercultural communication is not new and has existed for quite some time. The world has come closer together since globalization. Anytime that a person has to travel to different parts of the world for their job or just for vacation they have to adapt to the new environment they will be going to. If you do not have any support for your co-workers, adapting to the new environment is not going to be easy and trying to fit in is going to be very difficult. (Novinger, 2001) One on-going problem in the company is intercultural communication. Intercultural communication in the company relates speech and cultural issues of those belonging to an environment or land different from their own. A person who is raised in India is going to have a different culture than someone raised in the United States. People from India find it difficult to adapt to the United States and vice versa. Divergent thinking and convergent are similar, but different. Divergent thinking starts off with imagining all possibilities, during which the analyzing of the problems comes from convergent thinking. In turn after analyzing the problems, it helps you select all possible solutions. Apparently, the divergent and convergent thinking processes are the yin and yang of creative problem solving. One is not better than the other. They are just more suitable for the job at hand. Both processes are important to the eventual outcome of any group brainstorming session. It’s important to understand the benefits...
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...From: Cervantes: Bulletin of the Cervantes Society of America 19.1 (1999): 158-76. Copyright © 1999, The Cervantes Society of America FORUM Against Dualisms: A Response to Henry Sullivan* HOWARD MANCING n a recent essay entitled “Don Quixote de la Mancha: Analyzable or Unanalyzable?” published in this journal, Henry W. Sullivan makes the case for the psychoanalysis of literary characters. While there is much to ponder in Sullivan's essay, there are two points, both involving dualisms, that I would like to discuss. In the first case, Sullivan argues insightfully and convincingly against an absolute distinction between how we know and think about fictional characters and how we know and think about real people. In the second case, however, Sullivan insists on an absolute (Cartesian) mind-body dualism as a cornerstone of psychoanalytic theory. I would like to repeat and extend Sullivan's argument in the first case, but refute it and deny its validity in the second. First dualism: Fact/Fiction Sullivan cites as representative of a certain widely-shared approach Maud Ellmann's insistence that there is an important distinction between a “human being made of flesh and character made of words” (5), a distinction that allows us to make one kind statement about the former but not the latter. Ellmann is not alone in making the real-life/fictional distinction a fundamental matter of ontology. We are all familiar with arguments like hers, having heard * For a response to this...
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...Reading between the lines The second story Pi was the truth leaving the first story as Pi’s way of coping with the traumatic events that happened in the life boat. Pi’s unique background gives life to all the symbolizing and double meanings, explain why the second story is true. Life of Pi is book with deep detail and description, giving a very full pictures. I think Martel uses this to his own advantage. Giving us such a layered story, makes the ending even more of a crash. With such realistic details, it seems impossible for anything other to be true. Pi also seems like a whole and true character, it makes no sense for him imagine it (Shmoop 1). Not only until I sat back ran through my notes did I realise it was staring me in the face the whole story. Almost the whole first part is about the abstraction of religion. The fact that he believes and worships three religions just screams imagination. Pi’s beliefs run wild throughout the entire book, giving his character flesh and blood. In part one, Pi tells us about his childhood. His father owned and ran a zoo, giving Pi a deep...
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...neural technology, the interest in the research of this area has gain momentum. The major problem in synesthetes is that they generally do not expose their feelings in front of everyone due to some kind of inferiority complex. While some person feel this as a gift. Some major hypothesis has been found out which aims to explain the whole fundamentals of synesthesia. Some of them are NS Hypothesis and CMT Hypothesis. However, synesthesia is just a condition and it should not be confused as a disease, disorder or a syndrome. A synesthete can easily sustain his life like a normal people do. Contents 1. Introduction………………………………………………………………………………03 2. Experiences………………………………………………………………………………04 3. Primary Researches………………………………………………………………………04 4. Nature of Synesthesia……………………………………………………………………05 5. Modern Research and Findings………………………………………………………….05 6. Synesthesia and the Art of Comparison…………………………………………………06 7. Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………….07 8. References………………………………………………………………………………..08 ‘Until very recent years, it was supposed by philosophers that there was a typical human mind which all individual minds were like…Lately however, a mass of revelations have poured in which make us see how false a view this is.’ -William James, 1890 Every human brain has certain key functions to do. These functions regulate the functioning...
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... . . . . 106 Mary Wollstonecraft . . . . 108 Thomas Paine . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110 Jeremy Bentham . . . . . . . . . 112 John Stuart Mill . . . . . . . . . . 114 Auguste Comte . . . . . . . . . . . 116 The Eleatics Parmenides of Elea . . . . . . . 16 Zeno of Elea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 The Age of Science Nicolaus Copernicus . . . . . . 56 Niccolò Machiavelli . . . . . . . 58 Desiderus Erasmus . . . . . . . . 60 Thomas More . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62 Francis Bacon . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 64 Galileo Galilei . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66 Thomas Hobbes . . . . . . . . . . . . 68 Sir Isaac Newton . . . . . . . . . . 70 The Evolutionists Charles Darwin . . . . . . . . . . . 118 Henri Louis Bergson . . . . 120 A. N. Whitehead . . . . . . ....
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