...Women in Psychology- Karen Horney Student Name PSY 310 (Instructor) Cheri Meadowlark February 25, 2013 Women in Psychology: Karen Horney Karen Horney was a female psychological pioneer. She was a theorist in personality, psychoanalysis, along with feminine psychology. Karen Horney also had some theories about ones needs. Background Clotilde “Sonni” and Berndt Danielsen welcomed their second child Karen Clementina Theodora Danielsen on September 16, 1885. Karen was born in Blankenese, a small village on the north bank of Elbe, Germany. Karen’s parents had Dutch-Norwegian origins and upheld the values and principles of a European family in Victorian times (Rubins, 1978). Berndt was the captain of a ship. He did not only deliver his commands on the ocean, but he also delivered them at him. Berndt had four boys form a previous marriage, and two children with Karen’s mother; Karen was the youngest of her brothers and the only daughter. In the 1800’s a women was expected to marry if she was not going to live her life as a caretaker for her own mother or as nun. Clotide, was referred to as Sonni by Berndt and her children because she was such a freethinker. Karen’s father was harshly religious and she was only allowed to read the bible after she learned how to read. Berndt applied the values of his religious belief harshly at home and commanded total loyalty to the church (Rubins, 1978). Karen’s childhood was difficult and by the time she was nine years...
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...Women in Psychology Paper Shanda L. Ludwig PSY/310 September 11, 2011 Dr. Matt Pearcey Women in Psychology Paper It was not until the 1890s that women were allowed access to training in most fields of study, including psychology. Since that time many have made significant theoretical contributions to the field of psychology and our understanding of psychodynamic thought including the works of Karen Horney (1885–1952). She was a psychoanalyst best known for her work on neurosis and coping techniques. Horney was a leading figure in the development of a range of non-orthodox psychoanalytic approaches in mid-twentieth-century America. Often compared to orthodox Freudians, she emphasized interpersonal relations and minimized the role ascribed to biology. Horney was particularly critical of Freud's approach to women (Horney 1942). Biography Karen Horney was born in Blankensee, a suburb of Hamburg, Germany. She was the daughter of a sea captain, Berenth Henrick Vackels Danielson, and his second wife, Clotilde von Ronzelen. Although her father spoiled her with trips and gifts, Horney described her father as a harsh and claimed he favored her brother over her. Horney fell in love with her brother at a young age and states the rejection she felt from him caused her to spiral into depression around the age of 9. Due to this rejection, Horney felt that she wasn’t attractive and once stated, “If I couldn't be pretty, I decided I would be smart" (Horney, 1942). It was around...
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...Women in Psychology Traci Boyzuck PSY/310 May 19th, 2014 University of Phoenix Women in Psychology When it comes to the history of psychology and the individuals that helped the science become what it is today, many people think of the men that pioneered the discipline. When asked about an individual that has had an impact on psychology the average answer will be that of a man’s name, perhaps Sigmund Freud or Carl Jung; but there have been many women who have taken the reigns and added a great deal of information and insight when it comes to the use of psychology. One of those women is Karen Horney, a woman who gave much insight to many areas of psychology during her time. Karen Horney was born in 1885, in Hamburg, Germany. Her family was an upper middle class family, her father a sea captain and her mother a more free-thinking woman that encouraged her daughter to follow her dreams and pursue her medical career, which was slightly unusual in that time.(Smith, 2007) Karen Horney was dedicated to her studies, she was once quoted as saying “if I can’t be pretty, I decided I would be smart.” Karen started her academic career in medical school in 1906, in 1909 she married a law student named Oskar Horney whom she had three daughters with. (Eckardt, 2005) In 1926, Karen left her husband and later in 1930, she and her daughters moved to the United States, it was here that she became close friends with individuals who were seen as prominent intellectuals, and this is when...
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...Historical Figure Portfolio History and Systems of Psychology Fall 2014 Karen Horney (1885-1952) [pic] Introduction This historical figure portfolio gives a short overview on the life of Karen Horney who was a psychoanalyst and pioneer in feminine psychology. Throughout this portfolio, Karen Horney’s life will be described with the help of a life timeline, a timeline of historical events during her lifetime, a short biography, an image of her, along with a reference page are included to give an synopsis of her life and works. Table of Contents Timeline of Life and Historical Events………………………………………………………4 Brief Biography………………………………………………………………………………6 Image 1………………………………………………………………………………………10 References……………………………………………………………………………………11 Life and World Timeline: September 16, 1885: Karen Horney was born near Hamburg, Germany (previously known as Blankenese, Schleswig-Holstein, Prussia, German Empire). 1886: Statue of Liberty was dedicated to, and placed in, the United States. 1888: Jack the Ripper began his gruesome serial killing in London. 1892: Ellis Island opens as a main east coast immigration center. 1906: Karen Horney entered medical school. 1909: She married Oscar Horney, a man she met in medical school. 1911: Karen Horney’s mother died this year, which then instilled a desire in her to explore psychoanalysis because of the difficulties this...
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...enormous spectrum of psychology and how we view life through our own thoughts. While his influence is irrefutable, the opinions concerning Freud and his writings vary greatly throughout the world. Individuals may distinguish the great genius in his groundbreaking theories of psychoanalysis, or they may reject his writings arguing that he had pushed the envelope too far. Either way, it is safe to say that his theories still evoke a considerable amount of debate to this day. Out of all of Freud’s theories, however, it can be argued that his views on women and feminine psychology are the most controversial. The debate between Freud and feminists has been well documented through the writings of many authors. The Enigma of Women is one of several books that have been published that analyzes the issues between Freud and feminism. In The Enigma of Women, Sarah Kofman comments on Freud’s prediction that feminists would take to the warpath against his writings on the women arguing that Freud’s theories are “rife” with masculine prejudice (11). Other credible books, such as Samuel Slipp’s The Freudian Mystique raise important questions on Freud’s theories of feminism. Why did Freud make such grossly biased and incorrect statements about women, while in other areas he was a very perceptive and accurate observer? Slipp argues that it was Freud’s genius and his monumental discoveries in other areas of mental functioning that lent credibility to his theories on women (12). Some of the earliest...
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...Karen Horney-Pioneer in Woman Psychology Latascha Purdie PSY 310 June 4, 2012 Professor Meadowlark Karen Horney-Pioneer in Woman Psychology Men dominated the world of psychology but in 1885 a woman was born that was going to challenge his or her theories. Karen Horney was considered a pioneer theorist in personality, psychoanalysis and “feminine psychology.” Her life and works contributed to the change in how female psychology was looked at and studied. From birth to death Karen Horney was born September 16, 1885 in Blankenese, Germany that is near Hamburg, to a family of seven. Her mother Clothilde Marie was the second wife of widower Berndt Danielsen, and he was in his 40s when Horney was born (Hitchcock, 2005). She had little interaction with him because he was always away at work and during the times he was home, his four older children required most of his attention. She was very close to her mother and younger brother, so to her that was her family. In those times girls went to school up until 8th grade and after that they were groomed to be wife’s and mothers. This was not what Horney wanted to do and her opportunity came because in 1894 the first Gymnasium (our equivalent of high school) for girls opened in Baden, Germany, and finally in 1900 they started to offer classes for girls in the Gymnasium in Hamburg (Hitchcock, 2005). Horney was determined to join because the plans she had laid out for herself was to one-day attend a university. Both of her parents...
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...Danielson, a ship’s captain, became the proud parents of the one and only Karen Horney, a pioneer in the field of psychoanalysis (Boeree, 1997). She along with her brother, also named Berndt, and five step-siblings described their father as an authoritarian who ruled with an iron fist and held a strong religious code of ethics; so much so that he was given the nickname of the “the Bible thrower” (Boeree, 1997). Her mother Clotilde, (also known as Sonni) on the other hand, was the complete opposite of her father and was 19 years his junior. Her childhood was one of contradicting perceptions. Horney portrayed her father as a harsh man who favored her brother Berndt more than he did Karen. This representation of her father, however, is negated by the fact that her father would continuously bring her back small trinkets from his excursions around the world (Boeree, 1997). Not only that, but he also allowed her to accompany him on several of his voyages, which considering the time in which they lived in, when women were still inferior to men, was quite odd. Whether this perception of her father is correct or incorrect, ultimately Karen’s viewpoint would end up having the bigger impact, leading her to the very deep-seated relationship she held with her mother; a closeness that resulted in her nickname as her mother’s “little lamb” (Boeree, 1997). Horney spent her childhood reading the multiple volumes of the German author ...
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...Freud vs Horney Freud and Horney, two who were crucial to psychology and the concepts of psychodynamic development. Although Honey started out as a firm believer and follower of Freud, she began to see some of his theories conflicted with how she saw them to be, causing some differences of opinions and eventually her departure from following his research. Freud and Horney both had their own theory about the psychosexual structure, which also included Feminine Psychology. According to Freud and the way he saw human biology, it is universally the same in its course of development, as was the conflicts that developed among the people that he observed, the same. Freud’s differences in views from Horney’s revealed his undervaluing of importance of certain roles played by some others relating to culture, environment, and human development past the point of puberty. Freud: Believed that an individual’s present behavior is determined by their infantile experiences that was a result to some degree by environmental influences. Freud stated that certain innate behaviors and the absence or lack of intimacy (sex) creates anxiety; individuals would utilize some defense mechanisms to compensate for their anxiety. Argument Horney: Believed that the growing child finds him or herself through life experiences, specifically through involvement and interaction with their family, which she found environment to be the most important foundation (Horney, 1950). Drive is the component she...
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...It is safe to say that just about everyone who has studied psychology on some level has heard the name “Sigmund Freud”. He is often regarded as one of the most influential psychologists of all time. He is responsible for the development of psychoanalysis, “a form of psychotherapy, or ‘talk therapy’.” (Psychology, 11). He practiced almost 100 years ago and although some of his ideas are outdated, a lot of his findings are still relevant today. One idea of his that is widely disputed is that of the five psychosexual stages of development. Freud initially proposed the five stages of development; he used these stages to explain the development of one’s personality from birth to adulthood relating to an erogenous zone of the body. It is based on the idea that libido is an organic energy in one’s body, flowing freely throughout. The stages are oral, anal, phallic, latent, and genital. Getting fixated or regressing at any point in the five stages supposedly explains certain personality traits in the future. The first stage is the oral stage, where the baby’s libido is focused on its mouth. It is experienced anywhere from birth to 18 months. In this stage, babies are often becoming aware of their own bodies, especially the mouth. In this phase of life, babies are also either breastfeeding or drinking from a bottle. When eating they are prone to swallow things that they find pleasant, and spit out things that they don’t. According to Freud, if babies are spoiled at this point, they...
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...University of Phoenix Material Psychodynamic Personality Theories Matrix Using the text for this course, the University Library, the Internet, and/or other resources, complete the following table. |Theory |Assumptions |Reliability |Validity |Application | |Psychoanalytic Theory |Psychoanalytic theory originated with the |Based on his observations | “It is true that Freud essentially |Freud developed a theory that described development | | |work of Sigmund Freud. Through his clinical |Psychoanalytic theory was an |considered psychoanalysis a pure science, |in terms of a series of psychosexual stages. | | |work with patients suffering from mental |enormously influential force |but that is a view which has been |According to Freud, conflicts that occur during each | | |illness, Freud came to believe that childhood|during the first half of the |superseded by the current view, which puts|of these stages can have a lifelong influence on | | |experiences and unconscious desires |twentieth century but reliability |more emphasis on the issue of how fruitful|personality and behavior. | | |influenced behavior....
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...idea that one can understand and comprehend the development of an individual is profound and abstruse, but very few people have actually had success dealing with such a topic. From obstacles such as proper test subjects to the whole stigma of taboo attached in trying to understand the human mind, researchers and psychologists have had success. One of the most notable successes is that of Sigmund Freud, the father of modern psychology, as we know it. Freud’s in depth pioneering journey into the minds of people, and how the mind itself develops with the passing of time and events. Other modern psychologists have elaborated on Freud, including the psychologists Erik Erikson and Karen Horney. Their thoughts on the personality development of people relate directly to Kate Chopin’s book, The Awakening. In this book, the theories discussed by Freud and his successors are shown explicitly and implicitly. 	Obviously, Sigmund Freud’s work in the field of personality development was by far the most prolific and controversial. The father of modern psychology, Freud broke all barriers to expose what he thought to be the real reasons for human behavior. His theories of personality development can best start with the discussion of the conscious and the unconscious mind. The conscious mind—along with the lesser preconscious mind—is that part of the mind that one has control, or knowledge of. Ironically, this is the least part of the mind that one has control over. The so called "subconscious"...
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...Behavior and Psychological Disorders PSY 103 Intro to Psychology January 2015 Michael Phillips - instructor FINAL WEEK PP PRESENTATION Behavior and Psychological Disorders Anorexia Nervosa is an eating disorder that typically starts during the teenage aged years, mainly affecting females more than males. It is a dangerous and potentially life threatening illness that affects the body and the mind. People affected by this disorder have an extreme terror of gaining weight and severely reduce the volume of food they eat becoming under-weight, and have a distorted view of their body image. Eating disorders are very complex and experts cannot explain the exact cause but they have learned it may be created by an assortment of genetics, family behaviors, social influences, and personality traits. Research has shown that there are some specific psychological factors and personality traits that may have influencing factors for some people to develop an eating disorder. Many of these individuals have low self-esteem, feeling helpless, tend to be perfectionists, and have an intense dissatisfaction in their appearance. If the disorder is left untreated, it can lead to starvation, serious health problems, and even death. Early intervention and treatment has shown to be effective in its recovery. General Behaviors People suffering from anorexia nervosa are typically very competitive and are determined to succeed. They compulsively measure their appearance and compare their...
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...History & Systems of Psychology Sigmund Freud Free Association | When a patient is prompted to say whatever comes to mind | Sex determined neurosis | Freud reported that most of his female patients reported sexual abuse in their past. He also believed neurotic people did not have a normal sex life; therefore they went hand in hand. | Dream analysis | Dreams represent repressed desires | Oedipus complex | “This fear of the fatherand sexual attraction to the mother” (Schultz & & Schultz, 2012, p. 295). | Transference | was necessary in order to effectively help a patient with neurosis | Psychosexual Stages | “The developmental stages of childhood centering on erogenous zones” (Schultz & & Schultz, 2012, p. 312). | Anna Freud- Leader of the neo-Freudian psychology The ego independent from the id | Freud believed the id, ego & superego went together. Could not have one without the other. | Ego Psychology | “became the primary American form of psychoanalysis from the 1940s to the early 1970s. One goal of the neo-Freudianswas to make psychoanalysis an accepted part of scientific psychology” (Schultz & & Schultz, 2012, p. 323). | Child Analysis | “developed an approach to psychoanalytic therapy with children that took into account their relative immaturity and the level of their verbal skills” (Schultz & & Schultz, 2012, p. 322). | Melanie Klein- Object Relations Theorist- neo Freudian psychology Object relations theories...
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...me may not be the same environment or society that influences our two case studies Hal, or Ellen. Beware of ethnocentrism. Different cultures may exhibit different behaviors than one's own. Know your own egocentric viewpoint. Not everyone perceives or thinks as I do. And finally just because one theory seemed to explain the thoughts and behaviors of an individual does not mean that theory applies to all people. Case Study 1: The Don Juan Hal is a forty four year old male preoccupied with the thought of dying. He likes being in control, considers himself a successful business man and lucky with the ladies. Hal has been divorced. His ex-wives name is Sybil, he describes his ex-wife as "neurotic and manipulating." He also, describes the women he dates as being "gorgeous with emotional problems” Hal doesn't stay in a relationship for too long. Hal has a fifteen year old son named Steve with Sybil. Hal says he gets along with Steve, but Steve thinks Hal is “out of touch with his emotions." Hal is angry that Steve smokes pot and is concerned...
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...Women in Psychology - Mary Ainsworth University of Phoenix History and Systems of Psychology PSY/310 Nicole Parkinson April 08, 2012 Women in Psychology - Mary Ainsworth The contributions of many of psychology's most eminent female thinkers have long been ignored, but that is starting to change as more history texts begin to recognize women such as Karen Horney, Mary Ainsworth, Leta Hollingworth and Christine Ladd-Franklin in their pages (Cherry, n.d.). This paper will discuss Mary Ainsworth and her background, theoretical perspective, and contributions to the field of psychology. Background Mary Dinsmore Salter Ainsworth was born in Glendale, Ohio, in 1913, the oldest of three daughters of Charles and Mary Salter ("Ainsworth, Mary D. Salter", 2005). Ainsworth reportedly demonstrated an aptitude for academics early on in life, even learning to read at the young age of three. Mary’s parents placed significant importance on education. Her mother and father were both graduates of Dickinson College in Pennsylvania. Ainsworth recollects frequent visits to the library and the elevated scholastic expectations established for her and her sisters by their parents. Ainsworth obtained her A.A., B.A., M.A., and Ph.D. in psychology with honors all at the University of Toronto by 1939. Theoretical Perspective In the 1960s, Ainsworth formulated a method, called A Strange Situation, to monitor attachment relationships between a caregiver and child. In this method of...
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