...the Preceptress: Female Education in and as the Seduction Novel, Shelly Jarenski talks about the political, social, and educational values behind the creation of seduction novels. She starts by giving an extensive narrative of the “contemporary anxieties over the education of women and narratives of female seduction” (59). She then proceeds to address the social and political influences over these novelists or narratives. Throughout her narration, she protrudes the question or the existing debate of whether women should have an education and if yes, how should they be educated (59). Based on the information she extends to the reader, she presents her opinion of the function and intention of the seduction novels during this...
Words: 1243 - Pages: 5
...the most powerful source of information we have, and nothing else in today s world influences public perception quite as heavily. Unfortunately, however, most of what is broadcast or transmitted in the news today is with reference to the chaotic condition of our planet, or something else that society as a whole sees as detrimental or damaging. But the news on television is not the only type of media taking the criticism of society. Other forms of mass media, specifically movies and television programs containing pornography and violence have been heavily criticized. The underlining concept to be debated here is that society is negatively influenced, specifically, by these images of pornography and the result is increased violence against women. This assumption, and it is indeed only an assumption, is completely fallacious, however, as no concrete and completely conclusive evidence has ever been formulated in support of the theory. The key premise here is that the mass media does not cause undesirable social behaviour and in actuality, the media people should not be dubbed as the bad guys . They simply use their power in the most constructive ways possible in order to promote their ratings and popularity. One way to do that is to concentrate on what sells: sex, violence and disaster. Having said this, why is...
Words: 2802 - Pages: 12
...In the novel, his character Rufus too experiences the same infliction for solitude. However, his choice raddles everyone around him. He doesn’t seem at all to be level headed, and, most of all, the gas which seems somehow to douse and enrage the flame of his madness is Vivaldo’s worry which, frankly, is an inefficient one. The reality of Vivaldo and Rufus’ love was that it was fairly incomplete despite the time and patience that they had both devoted to fostering it. What was unfortunate about their love was that due to the mindset in which it was fostered, the country to which it was born, it could not be completed. Vivaldo’s inability to express a complete love for Rufus surely played a part in Rufus’ suicide, but this is likely only one reason among many. On the other hand, for Vivaldo this inability to commemorate their friendship with, sex or some romance as he expressed with Eric, troubled Vivaldo uniquely due to his stance as a white liberal. Rufus needed badly to be loved by Vivaldo, but Rufus was also deeply tormented by the country he lived in—before his death he was already killed by America. Baldwin wrote him in this way, and the story is not unfamiliar, many Black queer men contemplate suicide. Even Hilton Als recalls, in his Book White Women, starring starkly in his mirror, mouth brimmed with pills of some sort, until, finally, he burst into laughter bouncing...
Words: 1570 - Pages: 7
...the triumph of his initial prejudices against him. Fitzwilliam Darcy - a wealthy man, Mr Pemberley, and the nephew of Lady Catherine de Bourgh. Although Darcy is intelligent, honest look at its causes him more pride in his social inferior. While admiring the novel, the spirits, he learns to love and class consciousness and Elizabeth for their strong character. Jane Bennet- oldest and most beautiful Bennet sister. Jane's more sober and gentler than Elizabeth. Easy pleasure with which she and Bingley will deliver the opposite of the mutual hostility that the conflict between Darcy and Elizabeth Mark. Charles Bingley: Obviously wealthy friend Darcy. On purchase of Bingley Netherfield, ownership under the Bennetts, an incentive for the novel. He's brilliant, man of good will, which contrasts with the calm nature of the boorish behavior of the original Darcy. He is happy not to worry about class differences. Mr. Bennet - Bennet family patriarch, Sir modest income of five unmarried daughters. Mr. Bennett has a sarcastic, cynical humor that he used deliberately irritate his wife. Although he loves his daughters (Elizabeth in particular), it is often not as parents, preferring to leave the marital endless problems of women around him and no help. Mrs. Bennet - The wife of Mr. Bennett, a madman, a strong woman, see whose only purpose in life, their married daughters. Because of its small breeding behavior and often inappropriate, Mrs. Bennet is often pushes a groom, whom she tried...
Words: 2117 - Pages: 9
...WHAT IS NOVEL? A Novel is prose narrative of considerable length and some complexity that deals imaginatively (fictional) with human experiences (near to life) through a connected sequence of events involving a group of persons in a specific setting. Previously it was known as fictional narrative or narrative prose. ( A Narrative opens “in media res”. This means it opens usually with the hero at his lowest point “in the middle of things”, earlier portions of the story appear later as flashbacks..) Main characterstics of novels are theme, plot or setting, structure, action or events in a sequence, strong characterization and expressive language. The genre of extended prose fiction or narrative fictional prose i.e. novel is rooted in the tradition of medieval "romances" or the heroic romance in prose. The term ‘roman or romance’ linked fictions back to the histories that had appeared in the Romance language of 11th and 12th-century southern France. The typical Arthurian romance became a fashion in the late 12th century. The unexpected and peculiar adventures surprised the audience in romances like Sir Gawain and the Green Knight (c. 1380).The romance had become a stable generic term by the beginning of the 13th century, as in the Roman de la Rose (c. 1230), famous today in English through Geoffrey Chaucer's late 14th-century translation. Chaucer's Troilus and Criseyde (1380–87) is a late example of this European fashion. Prose narrators wrote narrative patterns as employed...
Words: 6118 - Pages: 25
...Journal of Business Research 54 (2001) 89 – 96 Seeking something different? A model of schema typicality, consumer affect, purchase intentions and perceived shopping value Barry J. Babin*, Laurie Babin Department of Marketing, College of Business, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406-5091, USA Received 1 May 1999; accepted 1 May 1999 Abstract A study is presented that examines the effect of specific retail elements on deviations from the expected schema, or prototypicality, of a retail store. The results suggest that subtle differences in the store name, the location, and the appearance of its salespeople can evoke contrast in the form of variable typicality scores. A structural model is presented that shows the outcomes of this variance in a retail context involving women’s apparel stores. Low typicality is associated with increased excitement and discomfort, and these emotions affect patronage intentions and perceived shopping value. This finding is counterbalanced by a direct, positive link between typicality and patronage intentions. D 2001 Elsevier Science Inc. All rights reserved. Keywords: Schema; Consumer affect; Shopping value Recently, research has demonstrated the key role played by emotional experiences in explaining store choice and consumer– environment interactions and reactions (Bitner, 1992; Baker and Cameron, 1996). Design elements including a store’s employees, prices, lighting, scents, product assortment, background music...
Words: 5681 - Pages: 23
...the year of 1816, Jane Austen’s health became worse and she died in July in 1817 at the age of 41 years old. But the exact reasons of her death remain vague, some say it was Addison syndrome, other say Hodgkin’s disease, there are several hypotheses. The famous English author is buried in the North aisle of Winchester Cathedral. * Main works She started by writing poems when she was 12 years old. By the time she was 18, she started creating longer and more sophisticated pieces of writing. Around 1795, at 20 years old, she composed, Elinor and Marianne, which is known today as Sense and Sensibility, a work of romantic fiction which portrays the life and loves of the Dashwood sisters, Elinor and Marianne. In 1796, Jane began a second novel First Impressions, which has become today Pride and Prejudice and which she completed one year later....
Words: 3890 - Pages: 16
...The Gender Politics of Narrative Modes I want to challenge two linked assumptions that most historians and critics of the English novel share. The first is that the burgeoning of capitalism and the ascension of the middle classes were mainly responsible for the development of the novel. The second is that realism represents the novel's dominant tradition. [note 1] I want to propose instead that, as surely as it marked a response to developing class relations, the novel came into being as a response to the sex-gender system that emerged in England in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. [note 2] My thesis is that from its inception, the novel has been structured not by one but by two mutually defining traditions: the fantastic and the realistic. [note 3] The constitutive coexistence of these two impulses within a single, evolving form is in no sense accidental: their dynamic interaction was precisely the means by which the novel, from the eighteenth century on, sought to manage the strains and contradictions that the sex-gender system imposed on individual subjectivities. For this reason, to recover the centrality of sex and gender as the novel's defining concern is also to recover the dynamism of its bimodal complexity. Conversely, to explore the interplay of realist and fantastic narratives within the novelistic tradition is to explore the indeterminacy of subjectivities engaged in the task of imposing and rebelling against the constraining order of gender difference. ...
Words: 5434 - Pages: 22
...1 The Christmas dinner dispute introduces the political landscape of late nineteenth-century Ireland into the novel. This is the first Christmas meal at which Stephen is allowed to sit at the grown-up table, a milestone in his path toward adulthood. The dispute that unfolds among Dante, Mr. Dedalus, and Mr. Casey makes Stephen quickly realize, however, that adulthood is fraught with conflicts, doubts, and anger. This discussion engenders no harmonious Christmas feeling of family togetherness. Rather, the growing boy learns that politics is often such a charged subject that it can cause huge rifts even within a single home. Dante's tumultuous departure from the dinner table is the first in a pattern of incidents in which characters declare independence and break away from a group for political and ideological reasons. Indeed, the political landscape of Ireland is deeply divided when the action of the novel occurs. Secularists like Mr. Dedalus and Mr. Casey feel that religion is keeping Ireland from progress and independence, while the orthodox, like Dante, feel that religion should take precedence in Irish culture. The secularists consider Parnell the savior of Ireland, but Parnell's shame at being caught in an extramarital affair tarnishes his political luster and earns him the church's condemnation. This condemnation on the part of the church mirrors Stephen's shame over expressing a desire to marry Eileen Vance, who is Protestant. On the whole, however, Stephen's reaction to...
Words: 5021 - Pages: 21
...“Love is a profoundly tender, passionate affection for another person, accompanied by a feeling of warm personal attachment or deep affection” (Gilman 439) Over the years, Ernest Hemingway’s novel A Farewell to Arms has met with harsh criticism regarding a number of issues within its storyline. Critics constantly pick apart the themes and motifs present within the story in an attempt to pinpoint exactly what he meant and why he wrote it in the manner he did. One of the most debated topics in the story is that of love. Even after years of debate, the vast number of critics has never been able to agree on the controversial issue of love in regard to one simple question: Was Frederic Henry actually in love with Catherine Barkley? Though numerous critical analyses are available as evidence to argue either side of the issue, it is my belief that the most compelling arguments are made by those critics who support the idea that Frederic Henry was in fact in love with Catherine Barkley. Throughout the whole of A Farewell to Arms, it is never made perfectly clear to the reader whether or not Frederic Henry is actually in love with Catherine Barkley. What in the end becomes such a passionate relationship starts off very different so the reader is never able to decide exactly where Henry stands. One critic, Melissa Howard, sees this in what is only their second encounter when Henry “...attempts to kiss her and she slaps him, however, rather than being dismayed he feels that...
Words: 1940 - Pages: 8
...The Lover-Duras The Lover (French title: L'Amant) is an autobiographical novel by Marguerite Duras, published in 1984 by Les Éditions de Minuit. It has been translated to 43 languages. It was awarded the 1984 Prix Goncourt. The Lover is also a 1992 movie based on this novel, directed by Jean-Jacques Annaud and starring Jane March and Tony Leung Ka Fai. The cast also included Lisa Faulkner. The film was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Cinematography. Summary of the movie Set against the backdrop of French colonial Vietnam, The Lover reveals the intimacies and intricacies of a clandestine romance between a pubescent girl (Jane March), from a financially strapped French family and an older, wealthy Chinese man (Tony Leung Ka-Fai). The story is narrated by Jeanne Moreau, portraying a writer looking back on her youth. In 1929, a 15 year old nameless girl is traveling by ferry across the Mekong Delta, returning from a holiday at her family home in the village of Sadec, to her boarding school in Saigon. She attracts the attention of a 32 year old son of a Chinese business magnate, a young man of wealth and heir to a tidy fortune. He strikes up a conversation with the girl; she accepts a ride back to town in his chauffeured limousine. Compelled by the circumstances of her upbringing, this girl, the daughter of a bankrupt, manic-depressive widow, is newly awakened to the impending and all-too-real task of making her way alone in the world. Thus, she becomes his lover, until...
Words: 2835 - Pages: 12
...Министерство образования и науки Республики Казахстан Кокшетауский государственный университет им. Ш. Уалиханова An Outline of British Literature (from tradition to post modernism) Кокшетау 2011 УДК 802.0 – 5:20 ББК 81:432.1-923 № 39 Рекомендовано к печати кафедрой английского языка и МП КГУ им. Ш. Уалиханова, Ученым Советом филологического факультета КГУ им. Ш. Уалиханова, УМС КГУ им. Ш. Уалиханова. Рецензенты: Баяндина С.Ж. доктор филологических наук, профессор, декан филологического факультета КГУ им. Ш. Уалиханова Батаева Ф.А. кандидат филологических наук, доцент кафедры «Переводческое дело» Кокшетауского университета им. А. Мырзахметова Кожанова К.Т. преподаватель английского языка кафедры гуманитарного цикла ИПК и ПРО Акмолинской области An Outline of British Literature from tradition to post modernism (on specialties 050119 – “Foreign Language: Two Foreign Languages”, 050205 – “Foreign Philology” and 050207 – “Translation”): Учебное пособие / Сост. Немченко Н.Ф. – Кокшетау: Типография КГУ им. Ш. Уалиханова, 2010 – 170 с. ISBN 9965-19-350-9 Пособие представляет собой краткие очерки, характеризующие английскую литературу Великобритании, ее основные направления и тенденции. Все известные направления в литературе иллюстрированы примерами жизни и творчества авторов, вошедших в мировую литературу благодаря...
Words: 82733 - Pages: 331
...literature as a champion of Modernism. In 1902, Joyce left the university and moved to Paris, but briefly returned to Ireland in 1903 upon the death of his mother. Shortly after his mother's death, Joyce began work on the story that would later become A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man. Published in serial form in 1914–1915, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Mandraws on many details from Joyce's early life. The novel's protagonist, Stephen Dedalus, is in many ways Joyce's fictional double—Joyce had even published stories under the pseudonym "Stephen Daedalus" before writing the novel. Like Joyce himself, Stephen is the son of an impoverished father and a highly devout Catholic mother. Also like Joyce, he attends Clongowes Wood, Belvedere, and University Colleges, struggling with questions of faith and nationality before leaving Ireland to make his own way as an artist. Many of the scenes in the novel are fictional, but some of its most powerful moments are autobiographical: both the Christmas dinner scene and Stephen's first sexual experience with the Dublin prostitute closely resemble actual events in Joyce's life. In addition to drawing heavily on Joyce's personal life, A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man also makes a number of...
Words: 18420 - Pages: 74
...PREFACE This major project examines the indispensable desiderata of Transcendentalism in comparison to the Dark Romantics background and how these technicalities prepare this work of art as an influential synthesis of human imagination incorporated with mystic facts. Transcendentalism and Dark Romanticism were two literary movements that occurred in America during roughly the same time period (1840—1860). Although the two had surface similarities, such as their reverence for Nature, their founding beliefs were quite different, enough to make one seem almost the antithesis of each other. Moreover one’s genesis is ventured out from other; i.e. Dark Romanticism from the roots of Transcendentalism or precisely the lacunae are best determined for raising up the term called Dark Romanticism. Contents S. No. Page no. Chapter 1.........................................................................................................4-14 Chapter 2.........................................................................................................15-23. Chapter 3..........................................................................................................24-27 Resolution.........................................................................................................28-29 Work Cited................................................................
Words: 9948 - Pages: 40
...But why does your aunt call you her uncle? 'From little Cecily, with her fondest love to her dear Uncle Jack.' There is no objection, I admit, to an aunt being a small aunt, but why an aunt, no matter what her size may be, should call her own nephew her uncle, I can't quite make out. Besides, your name isn't Jack at all; it is Ernest. Jack: It isn't Ernest; it's Jack Jack lies to cover up his double life. A simple white lie that he doesn’t know anyone named "Cecily" gets him into an incredibly messy situation. When he’s forced to admit he does know a "Cecily," he tries to pass her off as his aunt. But Algy, a fellow Bunburyist, eventually sniffs it all out and forces Jack to confess. What is most surprising is that Jack seems to have no shame about the lies he’s been feeding to Algernon for years. 2. Jack: in order to get up to town I have always pretended to have a younger brother of the name of Ernest, who lives in the Albany, and gets into the most dreadful scrapes. Jack reveals the reason behind his deceit. His life is torn between duty and pleasure. Being dutiful is excessively boring to Jack, so he created his younger...
Words: 9812 - Pages: 40
