...The idea of news is as old as language itself. (Campbell, Martin, and Fabos, 221) News in its earliest form was passes from person to person by word of mouth. The first written document that was considered news was the news sheet, which was developed by Julius Caesar. These daily events were posted in public spaces and on building in Rome in 59 B.C.E. News through journalism in its earliest form is not the same new we know today. News started out purely informational. It was a way to keep neighboring tribes and towns current with the state of relations. By the fifteenth century the printing press was introduced and allowed society to send and receive information. In September of 1690 the first newspaper Publick Occurrences Both Foreign and Domestic was published in North America. This newspaper was banned after only one issue because of the negative tone regarding British rule. In 1704 the regularly published newspaper appeared in the American Colonies called the Boston News Letter. At this time news was transported by ship, it took weeks to arrive in the states. The news was not current and people found it to be boring. In the 1820’s the cost of a newspaper was about six cents per paper, and required a subscription. In 1830 the Penny Press was introduced to the world. This newspaper was the paper for the common man. Up to this point newspapers were not for the common man. They were expensive and boring. The Penny Press was a steam powered mechanical machine that was able...
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...oppressing Spanish. He stated “Their proceedings have been animated by the same fearless spirit that inspired the patriot fathers who sat in Philadelphia on the 4th of July, 1776.” (JWM 69) Pushing also the brutality of the oppressive Spain, Hearst will also try to shape the people’s opinion on the issue. However, these stories were from partisan Cubans that had just recently fled to the United States making their stories hard to believe. They will start to send correspondent down to Cuba to retrieve information so they could publish more stories in order to entertain. The correspondent and the papers will record many important issues leading up to the war and in the war. Many of the newspapers especially the World and Journal involved in yellow journalism sent many reporters to the fields. These reporters and correspondents had their mind set on personal gain and the front page more than telling the truth. This left room for error and lack of ethics. One famous correspondent was Richard Harding Davis. He worked for the New York Journal. The Journal sent Davis and illustrator Frederic Remington down to Cuba to join up with the insurgents. They will have some troubles making it down there but will finally land in Havana. The Journal had already announced their landing and falsely said that they were “to present the true situation in the war stricken island in more graphic and and vivid style than it has been pictured to the American public.” (CW 78) In reality they will become bored,...
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...to stubbornness, and fear of being judged by Leland. Another example of Kane keeping his concentration on his public life, is when he refuses to stand down when he is caught out with Susan Alexander, this shows he does not want to withdraw his previous decisions and back down in front of the public. Kane is always trying to prove himself, to everyone he knows, and those he does not, he likes to control peoples thoughts and what they think on him and certain issues. This is shown when it is said by ______ “You talk about the people like you own them” Speaking about Kane. The focus on Kane’s public life directly results in the destruction of his private life. One major aspect that led to the destruction of Kane’s personal life is yellow journalism. Many of the decisions Kane made were made to please the public, or assist in the running of business. These decisions end up corrupting Kane’s morals, and destroying his personal life and relationships. For example Kane’s first marriage was for convenience and public image, although it did help his public life, his marriage was unhappy and miserable, which deeply affected both Kane and his wife Emily Rose Norton. Kane put the public, before those closest to him, as he cares more of what they think. Although Kane does not let the public nor those closest to him make his decisions, he bases his decisions on what he thinks people will think of his rather than the result of the decision. This can be shown when Kane says, “there’s only...
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...the British Army, and the Napoleon's Foreign Legion but had gotten denied because of his bad eyesight and poor health. Pulitzer came to serve in the American Civil War in the Lincoln Calvary from 1864-1865. Then he worked his way up to St. Louis, Missouri he only went there because of the German population, since he spoke perfect German and French but had a hard time with English. Joseph Pulitzer was really energetic, wild about seeking fame he was brilliant and independent. Since Joseph was really rich he was able to go to private schools and be tutored by private tutors. While Joseph was in chess he caught attention of the editor of a local German language newspaper after they had a conversation Pulitzer then ended up having a journalism job for the Westliche Post. Four years later he had been a hard working reporter with the owners that were having a problems with not selling a lot of newspapers he was also offered a big interest. In the newspaper which he sold about 30, 00 dollars profit and gave the owners there profit. Before he was a journalist he worked as a Mule tender, waiter, and hack driver and for several lawyers. Later in that year he became the owner of a newspaper at St. Louis Post-Dispatch he gained a big success under his leadership but also he earned himself a fortune in the years later. Pulitzer increased the subscription of the world by a rate of 15,000 to over 600,000 making it the largest newspaper read in the country.Pultizer was nominated for the...
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...The Media in Canadian Politics 1956 words Media has always been a center of interest of different political intellectuals in Canada. They always tend to use media as a powerful platform to convey their message to the all the stakeholders of Canadian politics. Common people, on the other hand, also use media to transmit their concerns and feedback to their political representatives. Be it the print media, broadcast media or social media, they have always played a significant role in Canadian politics. We have seen the active role of media in the longest election campaign of Canada in recent federal elections. Media influence Canadian politics by serving as an intermediary between the government and the common people, by acting as a public representative, and by shaping people’s perception of the political environment around them. As a common carrier of information for both government and common people, media plays a significant role in Canadian politics. The important part of this role of media is that most of the media act independently to provide unbiased information for both government and common people. This, however, is not always the case. We will discuss biased part of media later in this essay. As an intermediary between government and common people, media reports the news, helps determine the critical issues to be discussed, and enables the transparency in the political structure. Reporting the news is most basic and essential function of media. Common people and...
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...Journalism is worldview actualization of social groups by means of selecting facts, assessments and comments which are topical, urgent and important. Journalism is also a practice of gathering and interpretation of the information on events, subjects and modern life tendencies, its presentation in different genres and forms, as well as its following distribution to mass audience. Institutionally, journalism is a part of polysystems of mass media, i.e. it is included in such multi-functional society institutes such as press, TV broadcast, radio, Internet, etc. One cannot agree that journalism today is a strong force and its significance in our life is constantly growing. It performs many different functions such as informational, ideological, and entertaining and many other functions. I suppose that supplying information is the main aim of journalism. Actually, our life has become easier due to journalism and now we do not need to cover long distances to find out the latest news. Now let`s consider the main problems of journalism today. The first issue is globalization. Today appear global mass media which are horizontally and vertically concentrated. It leads to creation of mass information product and English language expansion. Consumption is becoming mass and standardized (mass culture), the consumer becomes passive. The second problem is non-concurrence of world concepts by journalists and audience. It often happens that the journalist does not know...
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...Behavior | The Coke Side of Life | | | | The Coke Side of Life | | | Table of Contents I. Introduction --------------------------------------------------------------------- pg. 2 II. Research Design --------------------------------------------------------------- pg. 3 III. The Coke Side of Life -------------------------------------------------------- pg. 3 - 9 a. Symbolism of Colors ----- pg. 4 - 7 b. Contrast --------------------- pg. 7 - 8 c. Proximity -------------------- pg. 8 d. Alignment ------------------- pg. 8 - 9 e. Limited Recognition ------ pg. 9 IV. Conclusion --------------------------------------------------------------------- pg. 9 - 11 V. Work Cited --------------------------------------------------------------------- pg. 12 VI. Appendix ---------------------------------------------------------------------- pg. 13 VII. Interview #1 -------------------------------------------------------------------- pg. 14 - 15 VIII. Interview #2 -------------------------------------------------------------------- pg. 16 – 17 IX. Interview #3 -------------------------------------------------------------------- pg. 18 – 19 Introduction The psychology of color as it relates to persuasion is one of the most interesting and most controversial aspects of marketing. Using the right colors to promote a business during a marketing and advertising campaign is extremely important...
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...at the door when preparing to deliver news, unfortunately, this is rarely the case. The demands of journalism provide challenges of their own that can often lead to distorted representations. Reporters often need to meet deadlines that limit their time to sufficiently gather information. Many rely on the repeated use of “inside” sources in government or private organizations, but these sources may harbor their own biases which then influence the journalists’ perception as well. Media organizations need to satisfy advertisers, remain in business, and thus expect their journalists to represent their advertisers in a positive way. Gans further argues that there is “selection bias” before the writing process even begins. Some journalists may be hesitant to pick up a story that may affect their reputations, choosing less provocative stories to maintain their credibility. Journalists ultimately decide what news is worthy or unworthy of being reported at all. To varying extent, bias has always existed in journalism and media. The 1920’s were characterized by what may have been the original “fake news”, Yellow Journalism. These journalists crafted fantastical, tabloid-like headlines that sold papers, despite containing entirely false information. While the 20’s were also somewhat redeemed by the Muckraking journalists that exposed critical health and safety problems, Yellow Journalism carried on for far too long, just going to show that Americans not only easily fall prey to misinformation...
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...One First Amendment issue that has changed over time is newsworthiness. Sensational journalism was first challenged at the end of the nineteenth century and advocates of privacy began to debate the constitutional value of gossip. As the press dug deeper into the lives of American citizens, those caught in the public eye insisted on their “the right to be let alone.” Journalists, however, argued their right to publish content “of public concern or general interest (112).” This would of course mean the published material had to be newsworthy. Major opponents of “yellow journalism” Samuel Warren and Louis Brandeis acknowledged this themselves, “the right to privacy does not prohibit any publication of matter which is of public or general interest (122).” William James Sidis was exceptionally gifted intellectually. He could read before age two, spoke several languages, and graduated Harvard at sixteen. The world was amazed at his gifts for math and science at such a young age. People predicted he would one day be “a great mathematician, [and] a famous leader in science (122).” Then, he was arrested...
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...WORLD PRESS FREEDOM ,OTHER SIDE OF THE COIN WORLD PRESS FREEDOM ,OTHER SIDE OF THE COIN AAAS 63/5-L SAHIWAL +923006927563 5/5/2011 AAAS 63/5-L SAHIWAL +923006927563 5/5/2011 AKRAM SAQIB Freedom of press is the most wanted freedom but it is being abused everywhere in the world. The powerful states deem it their right to use press for their covert purposes. AKRAM SAQIB Freedom of press is the most wanted freedom but it is being abused everywhere in the world. The powerful states deem it their right to use press for their covert purposes. World Press Freedom Day, Other Side of the Coin On 3rd of May every year, soon after the termination of the Labour Day activities world press freedom day is observed. Freedom of press is a perpetual issue. There is always divided opinion over rights and duties of press. The media owners and journalists are always of the view that there should be liberty of they are bound to the futile rules and regulations and have no freedom to express the truth. On the other hand the ministries of the information argue that they have given extra ordinary freedom to the press. In fact these two opinions are the two extremes. The situation is in between these two states. Media insists on knowing more and more in order to astonish their viewers and readers. There is a lot of evidence that media aggrandize the matters always or conceal facts due to some overt purposes. Each and every country has formulated laws to control the media. There is code of conduct for...
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...at the end of his life he was paralyzed. Also he constructed the castle, its name was Xanadu. He was married two times and Kane stood in governors, but didn't win. The journalist, his name was Thompson received a task "why Kane said before his death the mysterious word "rosebud""? So he began travel and met with different people who knowm anything about Charles Foster Kane. Susan Alexander, the second wife of Kane, refused to speak with Thompson. Then the journalist found the diary of the banker with name Walter Parks Tetcher. We found out that he was given to a Tetcher for an education in the childhood. Then we saw a beginning of the career of Kane in media business. Charles stared to work in style "yellow journalism". Charles Kane married on the niece of the U.S. President. In 21 years, Charles had to become one of the most reachest people in the world. He refused of all his money and he became journalist. He quickly created the empire, which influenced destiny of the nations. He didn't achieve success in policy. Kane wanted that everyone loved him, therefore he went to policy. He wanted to subdue many people. He battled with Jim Gettis on elections. Jim learned about communication of Charles Kane with Ms. Alexander and offered the rival a choice: withdraw the candidacy or he would publish a compromising evidence. The media magnate refused to leave fight. Between it, he married on Ms. Alexander and made her the opera...
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... the role of the press cannot be minimized even in a dictatorship, because a dictator also needs the press for reflecting his ideology and policies. A dictator uses the press to prop up his image by highlighting his achievements. But in this case the press gives very little feedback to the dictator. Another crucial difference between the press in a democracy and the press in a dictatorship is that while the press in a democracy is free, frank and fearless, the press in a dictatorship is subservient to the whims and fancies of the dictator. It does not enjoy freedom of expression. The primary duty of the press is objective reporting of the news and views in a calm and dispassionate manner. Sometimes certain newspapers indulge in ‘Yellow Journalism.” They give out biased and coloured news. Their aim is simply to indulge in sensationalism. Sometimes they also spread rumours. They go to the extent of indulging...
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...33 CHAPTER Newswriting basics Ready to write a simple news story? This chapter introduces you to the concepts and formulas all reporters have learned to rely upon. IN THIS CHAPTER: 34 Just the facts Be aware of what’s factual — and what’s opinion. 36 The five W’s The essentials: who, what, when, where, why. 38 The inverted pyramid How to write stories so the key facts come first. 40 Writing basic news leads Putting your opening paragraphs to work in the most informative, appealing way. 42 Beyond the basic news lead Not every story needs to start with a summary of basic facts; you have other options. 44 Leads that succeed A roundup of the most popular and dependable categories of leads. 46 After the lead . . . what next? A look at nut grafs, briefs, brites — and ways to outline and organize stories efficiently. 48 Story structure How to give an overall shape to your story, from beginning to middle to end. 50 Rewriting First you write. Then you rethink, revise, revamp and refine until you run out of time. 52 Editing Reporters have a love-hate relationship with editors. But here’s why you need them. 54 Newswriting style Every newsroom adapts its own rules when it comes to punctuation, capitalization, etc. 56 Making deadline When you’re a reporter, you live by the clock. How well will you handle the pressure? 58 66 newswriting tips A collection of rules, guidelines and helpful advice to make your stories more professional. ...
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...other nationality/colored person can walk down a street in a neighborhood where they are not prominent and not get messed with then America is on its way to ending racism. Racism is a global issued America doesn’t solely own the rights to it, people hate people that don’t look like they look or act like they act or talk like they talk. Until everybody is of one color or should I say mixed up enough that a dna test can’t distinguish what’s what the world will have racism. You really can’t find to many people today that are full blooded anything in America. You can place one man in front of a hundred women and tell him he can have anyone he wants to sleep with until he has had them all and believe me he will have them all white, black, yellow, green, blue, orange, cyan and brown and vs verse for a woman as long as all of them are sexually attractive to her she will have them all. Racism is stupid and I hate everybody equally nobody gets left out because we are all human same blood and guts and all that on the inside, some of us just got left in the over to long or just right depends on who you ask. When a black person can walk down a country road in Podunk Alabama in the middle of the night and not be scared then America is on its way to ending racism. When a whit person can walk down a street in Compton strike that any hood/ghetto in America and not be worried about getting beat up, raped or killed then America is on its way to ending racism. When any other nationality/colored...
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...Yellow analysis and interpretation A short story by Peter Carty In a contrast to nature mankind has always seemed small. Nature with its dark rivers, gigantic mountains, forests filled with danger and endless oceans. Nature can swallow you in one breath if you let it and can through your life make you scared and make you feel not noticeable and hopeless. Suicide is normally caused by problems like these that a person cannot seem to overcome and either way it’s a desperate act. In the novel Yellow written in 1999 by Peter Carty, a man named Jon is sent to Egypt to write an article about scuba diving. An Italian man named Berto is to teach him on a team containing Jon and another student, Brian. Through the considerations and reflections of this protagonist, Jon, the reader gains information about his fears, problems and inner conflicts, which end up causing his suicide. In this analysis of the story I will focus on characterization of the protagonist, Jon, narrative technique, language, the significance of the setting, symbols and at the ending and at last I will elaborate on themes, draw perspectives to other texts and finally make a conclusion. Through the analysis I’ll focus, among other things, on the question: can nature be tamed, owned and transferred into something that is subject to mankind? The story starts out with no introduction, in other words: in medias res. The reader is thrown directly into the story and that emphasizes that nothing is given to the reader...
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