changes in them, and their impact on economic performance over time. He has divided the book into three parts. Part I is the examination of the nature of institutions and their manifestations for economic performance. From there, Part II outlines the theory of institutional change and how it explains how past behaviors influence present and future behaviors. It also explores the impact of incremental changes within institutions and its effect on the nature of path dependence. Part III is the primary
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model of standardization/adaptation of global marketing strategy was developed. The three factors include homogeneity of customer response to the marketing mix, transferability of competitive advantage, and similarities in the degree of economic freedom. Findings – The model through the use of feedback effects explains the dynamics of standardization. Research limitations/implications – Future research needs to empirically test the model. To enable empirical validation, reliable and valid measures
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the end, elements of Bush’s argument prove invaluable, while others miss their target. Summary Chapter 1 begins with an historical review of the modern worldview formation. This includes first the secular worldview, inspired by the focus on freedom inherent in the Enlightenment. Bush then begins to explore the details of the Christian alternative. This discussion reaches a climax as he notes the contrast of the new and old worldviews. “In the earlier view there is a natural stability in both
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Introduction to political science 1) In political terms, power can be explained as the control one entity has over the other. Power is sometimes confused with the term 'influence'. Where power is the ability of make formal binding decisions, influence can be taken as a means through which that power is exerted. This may be due to intimidation, threats, logical reasoning, rational persuasion or lobbying. Authority can be defined as a form of power. The difference lies within the ways through both
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within wider economic, organizational, political and institutional contexts. HRM differs across countries but to date the comparative literature has tended to focus on cultural issues. Research that systematically analyzes socio-economic, institutional and societal contexts and their impact on HRM remains underdeveloped and there is a significant opportunity for work which draws on theory from adjacent fields - e.g. the varieties of capitalism literature, theories of cross-national organization and research
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MABM217 Аз-наративът в британската и американската литература MARINO MARZIALI - F81122 Thomas Paine, Common sense The ideological weapon for the independence of the USA The years before the American Revolution knew the intensification of the political and cultural debate among the colonies. After the Treaty of Paris of 1763 the relations with England were quite complicated because of the new tax policy and administration of the motherland. The new laws clearly represented a change of direction
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Corporate Social Responsibility Theories: Mapping the Territory Elisabet Garriga, ` ´ Domenec Mele ABSTRACT. The Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) field presents not only a landscape of theories but also a proliferation of approaches, which are controversial, complex and unclear. This article tries to clarify the situation, ‘‘mapping the territory’’ by classifying the main CSR theories and related approaches in four groups: (1) instrumental theories, in which the corporation is seen as only
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started their triumphant parade across the world, attracting millions of people to their allegedly innovative concepts of faith and salvation. This religious expansion, unpredicted and unexpected in the middle of the century, the diversity of schools and teachings, as well as their significant impact on the lives of many people are a phenomenon that demonstrates a high potential of such theories and practices. Their evolution was facilitated by spiritual requirements of people who were seekers of new
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Religious Extremism Leading to Terrorism The connection between religious extremism and terrorism seem identical. Religious extremists are willing to kill others because they actually believe they are embracing theologies that sanction violence in the service of God. They view their victims as enemies of God, showing no sympathy taking life. Moreover, they readily sacrifice their own lives because they expect to be rewarded in the afterlife [Religious Extremism econ.ucsd.edu/~elib/rex.pdf].
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to provide absolute power to the person in charge and the supremacy of authority. Legalists like Han Fei Zi believed that human nature was “evil” and strict rules should be in place to ensure order, similar to a shepherd and sheeps3. With this theory in mind, the idea of absolute power was very attractive to rulers of states. Rulers will exercise the “two handles” of reward and punishment accordingly to keep their subjects obedient and loyal. This ideology is even more appealing towards newly
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