OBLIGATIONS AND CONTRACTS REVIEWER TITLE I – OBLIGATIONS CHAPTER 1 GENERAL PROVISIONS 1156. An obligation is a juridical necessity to give, to do, or not to do. JURIDICAL NECESSITY – juridical tie; connotes that in case of noncompliance, there will be legal sanctions. • • An obligation is nothing more than the duty of a person (obligor) to satisfy a specific demandable claim of another person (obligee) which, if breached, is enforceable in court. A contract necessarily gives rise
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1 Student: ___________________________________________________________________________ 1. The exchange of goods and services is made more efficient by: A. barters. B. money. C. governments. D. some combination of government transfer and barter. Short selling is: A. the sale of a financial product at a discount to its current market value. B. the sale of a financial product in small quantities. C. the sale of a financial product that the seller does not own. D. the sale of a financial product
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currently in the midst of a recession that has lastednearly 4 years. After considerable help from the IMF in an attempt to control impending foreign debt, a mix of Argentina’s political and monetary policies has resulted in the instability of the Argentine economy and the suspension of payments leading to an uncontrollable build up of national debt. The questionable sustainability of the Argentinean government has led to a freeze in the cash flow of foreign investors in the country, consequently
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higher is better ( in some cases) : * healthy indication for performance of company because It shows the company commitment and ability in meeting up short-term obligation (it suggests that the business has enough cash to be able to pay its debts). * If current liabilities exceed current assets (the current ratio is below 1), then the company may have problems meeting its short-term obligations * If the current ratio is too high, then the company may not be efficiently using its current
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Laporte, is a man who is debt averse. Mr. Laporte is a man who does not like to spend money and his management style has produced outstanding financial success. However, Mr. Laporte will be retiring soon, which could mean AHP will have a new executive who may wish to change the capital structure by adding debt in order to increase shareholder wealth. At the time, AHP had practically no debt on its balance sheet; while the most comparable company, Warner-Lambert had a debt ratio of 32% and a bond rating
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Essays in Banking and Risk Management by James Ian Vickery B.Ec.(Hons), University of New South Wales (1997) Submitted to the Department of Economics in partial fulllment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Economics at the MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY September 2004 c ° James Ian Vickery, MMIV. All rights reserved. The author hereby grants to Massachusetts Institute of Technology permission to reproduce and to distribute copies of this thesis document in
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make up a firm’s credit policy. How likely (and how quickly) are competitors to respond to a change in each variable, and is their response likely to be the same for a change toward tightness as one toward looseness? 2. What is Lifelines’ current days sales outstanding (DSO) [also called average collection period (ACP)]? What would the expected DSO be if the credit policy change were made? 3. What is the dollar amount of bad debt losses under the current policy? What would be the expected
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drivers of UK firms’ capital structure. They utilised the fixed panel models and random effect Tobit models to analyse statistics. There are three definitions of capital structure: 1. Long-term debt to equity ratio = Total loan / (equity capital + reserves – total intangibles) 2. Debt to capital ratio = (Preference capital + total
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FACES OF INDEBTNESS 1) KENYA Kenyan borrowers promptly repay their loans despite the stiff interest rates and high inflation, presenting a lower default risk investment environment for banks compared to other parts of the world. The low default risk for banks has however not translated to lower interest rates for customers despite the credit referencing system taking effect. The credit risk is measured in terms of gross non-performing advances as a percentage of the total gross advances. A
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synthesis is divided into three parts. The first part examines the evidence that relates to the cross-sectional determinants of capital structure. This literature identifies and discusses the characteristics of firms that tend to be associated with different debt ratios. In the second part, we review the literature that examines changes in capital structure. The papers in this literature explore factors that move firms away from their target capital structures as well as the extent to which future financing choices
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