LAB REPORT: ENZYMES Part I: Graphs and Data TIME COURSE: ABSORBANCE VS. TIME Provided data: Time(minutes) | Experimental ABS @ 405nm | Control ABS @ 405 nm | Exp. ABS minus Control ABS | Micromoles p-Nitrophenol | 0 | 0.057 | 0.051 | 0.006 | 0.0004 | 10 | 0.207 | 0.053 | 0.154 | 0.0064 | 20 | 0.351 | 0.054 | 0.297 | 0.0120 | 30 | 0.501 | 0.055 | 0.446 | 0.0181 | 60 | 0.955 | 0.064 | 0.891 | 0.0362 | Personal data: Time(minutes) | Experimental ABS @ 405nm | Control ABS
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INTRODUCTION Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur and phosphorus are a very important part of all living organisms. These elements combine is various ways to make the molecules that make up biological systems. There are four major molecules (macromolecule) found in living organisms – Carbohydrates, Lipid, Proteins and Nucleic Acids. They all have different chemical properties and can be identified by their functional groups. A chemical test that is sensitive to these functional groups can
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Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts to accelerate biochemical reactions. Although many chemical reactions are thermodynamically feasible, they are often not spontaneous and require energy, termed “activation energy”, which is the minimum amount of energy that two molecules must have in order for them to start to react. In the laboratory, activation energy can be applied in the form of heat to increase the kinetic energy of the molecules to initiate the reaction. Clearly, thermal activation
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state of maximum stability. * A process is spontaneous and can only perform work when it is moving toward equilibrium. Substrate Specificity of Enzymes * The reactant that the enzyme acts on is called the enzymes substrate. * The enzyme binds to its substrate forming an enzyme substrate complex. * The active site is the region on the enzyme where the substrate binds. * Induced fit of a substrate brings chemical groups of the active site into positions that enhance their ability to
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INTRODUCTION Background of the Study The evolution of industrialization and mechanization in the 21st century made it possible to transform manual equipment into modern machinery. With this development, global reliance on petroleum-based fuel is constantly increasing, giving rise to a challenge on energy sufficiency. Negative impacts, such as greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, are associated with the combustion of these petroleum-based fuels (MacLellan, 2010). Major GHG contributors identified
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FOSC 610: SCIENTIFIC WRITING ASSIGNMENT 2: CONSENT FORM AHADZI PRISCILLA FATHIA (10309479) CONSENT FORM Title: Effect of institutional sensory test location and consumer attitudes on acceptance of foods and beverages having different levels of processing. Principal Investigator: Laura Melo Address: Department of Biochemical Engineering, School of Chemistry. Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. General Information about Research You have been invited
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the best? Background Information Lactase is a digestive enzyme that breaks down lactose (milk sugar), into glucose and galactose (simple sugars), The enzyme functions on a substrate, which includes the active site. This is where a substrate can combine an enzyme to support a reaction. Most importantly an enzyme loses its ability to function if it loses its shape. There are many characteristics and information about enzymes this listed a few. Lactase functions stably, in a limited environment
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drops of pH (either HCl or NaOH) it would take to render the enzyme useless and stop the digestion and breaking down of the substrate. The enzyme that we were using to answer this question was invertase. Invertase is an enzyme that splits the substrate sucrose into the component parts glucose and fructose, while sucrose, our substrate, is common table sugar. Throughout this experiment we learned a lot more about the resistance some enzymes have and how they break down their substrates. We conducted
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Article Critiques Assignment Three Killer, S.C., Svendson, I.S., and Gleeson, M. (2015). The influence of hydration status during prolonged endurance exercise on salivary antimicrobial proteins. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 115, 1887-1895. The secretion of mucus is the initial biological defense system against bacteria and other pathogens in the mouth and respiratory system (Gleeson and Pyne, 2000 as cited in Killer, Svendson, and Gleeson, 2015). Salivary secretory IgA (SIgA) in
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Enzymes activity plays an important role on living organisms. Its activity can be affected by different factors, including environmental and molecular elements. Enzyme inhibition by some molecules can be competitive or noncompetitive according to the binding mechanism. The aim of this study was to determine the type of inhibition occurred by the phenylthiourea (PTU) on the catechol oxidase enzyme. Different substrate concentrations, 0.5, 1, and 1.5 mL, and presence (1mL) and absent of PTU was analyzed
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