impacted sub-saharan LDC’s access to health care? VI. What individual examples exist of TRIPS positively and negatively impacting sub-saharan welfare? VII. Which countries express the greatest need for generic pharmaceuticals? VIII. What are the real effects on pharmaceutical companies when generic medications are sold IX. How does TRIPS effect R&D in LDC’s? International Studies 100 Hill 1 Brendan Hill | 200245349 November, 14, 2014 Aspects of Globalization This essay will conduct
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I. FARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY OVERVIEW 1. Major players of the world pharmaceutical industry ( and some numbers) The pharmaceutical industry is characterized by a high level of concentration with 15 multinational companies dominating the industry. http://www.pmlive.com/top_pharma_list/global_revenues The majority of the largest pharmaceutical companies are not diversified. They are either concentrated exclusively on pharmaceutical products (Eli Lilly and AstraZeneca are good examples with
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 1) Acknowledgement 2 2) Certificate of Authenticity 3 3) Research Objectives 5 4) Executive Summary 6 5) Chapter 1: Economic Analysis 7 6) Chapter 2: Industry Analysis 9
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Introduction of Pfizer Pfizer is an American multinational pharmaceutical corporation that headquartered in New York City [Pfizer. Retrieved on April 3, 2010] and with its research headquarters in Groton, Connecticut and United States. It is one of the world's largest pharmaceutical companies by revenues.[Bloomberg Businessweek. 27 March 2012. Retrieved 8 July 2012] Pfizer develops and produces medicines and vaccines for a wide range of medical disciplines that includes immunology, oncology,
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9 -3 1 3 -0 1 6 REV: AUGUST 1, 2014 REGINA E. HERZLINGER NATALIE KINDRED Shanghai Pharmaceuticals With 2011 revenues of $8.67 billion, 1 Shanghai Pharmaceuticals (SPH), a vertically integrated Chinese pharmaceutical conglomerate, produced active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), chemical and biological drugs, and traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs); distributed its own and other drug makers’ products to hospitals and other customers; and operated a chain of retail pharmacies. The company—essentially
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Business Ethics and Legal Issues Student’s Name: Institutional Affiliation: Abstract Antitrust laws are the legislations by state governments aimed regulating the way in which trade and commerce is carried out. This is possible through the prevention of illegitimate price-fixing and monopolies and facilitating fair completion. The net effect that is felt by the consumer is the production of high quality goods and services at prices that are affordable to all. Additionally, the public welfare and
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manufacture the drug. These drugs are referred to as generic drugs. They do not incur the costs for development or clinical testing and are able produce the drugs for the cost of manufacturing. They may also derive the benefit of patented drugs existing marketing campaign and customer base. With the loss of patent protection the company with the patent will see revenues and profits fall if the drug is in demand. Competitors will manufacture generic versions. One strategy to mitigate the loss pursue
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strategies of both firms have taken a divergent direction. Lilly would like to continue to focus on the development of its patented global drugs, through innovation and discovery. On the other hand, Ranbaxy believes that its opportunity lies in offering generic drugs to the local market and increasing its presence abroad. Ranbaxy has signaled an intention to sell its stake in the JV if the opportunity were to arise. External/Industry Analysis The Indian pharmaceutical industry has been known for its
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U.S. Congress passed the Waxman-Hatch Act; simplifying the FDA approval process for generic drugs. Manufacturers of generic drugs were now required to show only that their drugs were chemically and biologically equivalent to the original patented version of the drug. And so, an FDA approved generic drug was considered equivalent, in its effect, to a “branded” drug. Waxman-Hatch enabled manufacturers of generic drugs to enter the market more easily, while also greatly reducing their research costs
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CASE 6-3 “Eli Lilly in India: Rethinking the Joint Venture Strategy” 1. I think Eli Lilly pursued the right strategy joining Ranbaxy Laboratories to enter the Indian market. While companies were using the global market to amortize the huge investments required to produce a new drug, they were hesitant to invest in countries where the intellectual property regime was weak. During the 1990s both companies had a strong reason for the joint venture. Ranbaxy wanted to make its presence globally
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